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About The Battalion. (College Station, Tex.) 1893-current | View Entire Issue (Nov. 3, 1987)
IMPORTED BEER SPECIAL ^, Wednesday 7-closing YESTERDAYS I . 18 Imported Beers on Special <1 Green Earth Society Presents Dr. Scott Thatcher, President of the Biology of Nuclear War Ed ucation Project, will present a slide show and lead discussion. iitl in j o osi The Biology of Nuclear War When: Wed., Nov. 4, 8:d0 Educational SlideATape Show Where: 404 Rudder Winner, Golden Camera Award, * ALL ARE WELCOME ttal FIIm Festlval , 1984 FREE Paul Mitchell Sculpting Spray at BENEFIELD & CO. HAIR DESIGN with purchase of cut & style. 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CO/MPUTnR 268-0730 403B University Dr. (Northgate) Page 6/The Battalion/Tuesday, November 3,1987 Hunt family in federal court over tax dispute Warped WASHINGTON (AP) — Attor neys for the wealthy Hunt family of Dallas told the U.S. Tax Court on Monday that millions of dollars transferred from Nelson Bunker Hunt to his children in 1980 were loans to cover losses in the silver market and not taxable gifts. In a trial consolidating eight cases against the prominent on family, the Internal Revenue Service is seeking resolution of more than $358 million in tax claims related to the Hunts’ ill- fated silver buyout. “We intend to show that the lender had a deep and abiding faith in silver and gold during that period of high inflation and turbulent world events,” the family’s lead at torney, Ewing Werlein Jr., said. “We expect further to show that the lender. Nelson Bunker Hunt, expected full repayment of the loans with interest.” The elder Hunts said in court fil ings that they transferred $165.4 million to their children, all in the form of business loans that “became worthless” and were uncollectable after the bottom fell out of the silver market in March 1980. The silver crash resulted in at least a $1.3 billion loss for Bunker Hunt and his brother, Herbert Hunt. The two had bought a total of 59 million ounces of silver, estimated at one-third of the existing world supply. IRS attorneys told the court that Bunker Hunt and his wife Caroline gave, rather than lent, the money to their children and their spouses and should be required to pay $150 mil lion in gift taxes. If the court decides Bunker Hunt’s transfers were loans and not f ifts, the IRS is prepared to seek 106 million in income taxes from the Hunt children and an additional $102 million from the Hunts for for giving portions of the loans. Waldo by Kevin Thomas HOW 15 THE JOB HUNTING, WYteUR 1 ? WHAT'S WRONG? NO ONE SEEMS TO WRNT ME, DR. GLADSTONE/ YOU'D TH/NK SOMEONE WOULD WANT TO HIRE A GUY LIKE ME WHO'S HALE-HUMAN AND HALF-COMPUTER! Dyna ages. After setter f Zogata, handlin in the A prisingl “Som in voll “People ball? Y( tell thei and th Joe Transfer £X£US£ Mb I klHAT IS 1 LIME. F0K? THIS [Treall7~dqm't KUOUlTj by Dan Barlovt you re you’re sport. I termint people mental helps tc have to of time: Van IaIhat do you mEam £>T THAT?] /kJAS S0He7HlU6 I FOftjQTTO6Eli I SAVOTHE LIME AMD FI6UKE5IT stopper the Sot charts, averagr ; averagr Van ementa three-y at Win> San A i team t crown. Texas( star gai Most V She years, < honors ball ov A&M researchers test stress effects Study finds link between cadmium, anxiety-reducing acts By Sara Mitchell Reporter Rats exposed to the element cad mium react more strongly to stressful situations and will consume more alcohol, Texas A&M research has found. Dr. Jack Nation, a behavioral toxi cologist involved in the research, has discovered a link between exposure to the environmental pollutant cad mium and increased alcohol intake in laboratory rats, possibly due to stress. “We are looking at the effects of environmental contamination, in cluding cadmium, on situations where the animal is exposed to stress,” Nation said. “We’re looking for differences in terms of stress reactivity as a result of exposure to these different con taminants,” he said. Nation said cadmium, which is similar to lead in both structure and physiological effects, is a threat to humans because of its presence in food and tobacco. The studies on rats may reveal information applica ble to humans. “Cadmium shows up in food sources partly because it is in high concentration in municipal sewage sludge bought by agribusiness as fer tilizer,” Nation said. “It works its way into the food web and eventually is presented to us as a potential toxin,” he said. He discovered that rats exposed to cadmium react more strongly to aversive stimulation and stress, such as shock, than animals that are hot exposed to cadmium. Cadmium-treated animals react differently to alcohol and tend to prefer alcohol consumption to water — possibly to reduce anxiety caused by stress. “If cadmium does provoke an in crease in terms of stress reactivity, then — to the extent that stress reac tivity regulates alcohol consumption — you would expect an increase in alcohol consumption in cadmium- treated animals,” Nation said. Nation emphasized there isn’t necessarily a causal link between cadmium toxicity and alcoholism. “That’s just not the case,” Nation said. “We do not have any evidence that lead or cadmium are related to alcoholism, which is a psychosocial disorder.” “What we’re talking about is alco hol consumption.” “This would only contribute to an existing predilection for the use of alcohoL” In 1982, a British team found a correlation between the concentra tion of lead in the bloodstream of humans and the amount of alcohol “We know that it does, but now the issue is to try to Find out why,” he said. Nation wants to find out whether increased alcohol consumption is due to anxiety in the rat or is due to a nutritional demand caused by cad mium. Cadmium disturbs certain neurotransmitters in the brain, caus ing an increase in anxiety, he said. Alcohol is an anxiety reducer, but also provides a source of calories for the animal. might be corresponding behavionl differences,” he said. The researchers found that with both lead and cadmium, the in creased alcohol consumption was more pronounced after the stressor was removed rather than during the period where the animal actually was exposed to the stressor. Nation said alcohol consumption increased both for the control and treated animals during the recovery period, but increased more dramati cally for the treated animals. live in Athlete the Ye the FC “I w playinj t play ganizai that’s 1 ball. I volleyt high sc “I c sport 1 had in basket! but wh M “We are looking at the effects of environmental con tamination, including cadmium, on situations where the animal is exposed to stress. We’re looking for dif ferences in terms of stress reactivity as a result of expo sure to these different contaminants. ” — Dr. Jack Nation, A&M behavioral toxicologist they drank, he said, but the reasons for this are still unknown. When governments realize the economic impact of increased alco hol consumption, such as absente eism and social unrest, they may be gin to get interested and support research in this area, Nation said. Nation said cadmium creates cer tain metabolic disturbances that might create nutritional demands, possibly causing the animal to in crease its alcohol consumption to in crease caloric intake and not to de- “It could be that during the pe riod of stress, ingestive behaviors generally are suppressed,” Nation said. “They have to deal with that stress so they’re engaged in other behav iors," he said. “Only during the post stress period are they actually free to engage in ingestive responses, so that’s when you see the dramatic in creases in alcohol consumption.” Nation said his research is signifi cant because it looks at emotional be havior rather than motor reflexes. Tex in the ball p rankec Oklah< in a ro Ohi a 13-7 A&M defeat made absent had nc 20 the Ok! in eve Kansa crease anxiety. “It might be drinking more simply because it needs the additional cal- Nation said. “That’s what Nation’s research found that after rats were accustomed to the effects of a 10-percent-alcohol solution, stress induced by shock caused cad mium-treated rats to consume twice as much of the alcohol than non- treated rats consumed after the shock, and that treated rats drank slightly more alcohol than water. ones, The research team found it takes longer for alcohol to affect cad mium-treated animals, and these rats recover from alcohol more quickly. “That means that the alcohol is not having the same effect on cad mium-treated subjects that it is on the other animals,” Nation said. “We’re trying to define more clearly why cadmium and lead cause an increase in alcohol consumption,” he said. we re examining now. Nation has been in behavioral tox icology, the study of the effect of toxins on physical and emotional be havior, since 1980, when the U.S. Department of Agriculture asked him to study the effects of lead on behavior. After completing this research, which found that lead increased al cohol consumption in rats, Nation began studying cadmium because little research had been done in this “Sometimes it’s difficult to talk about emotions in animals, but you can talk about differential reactions to environmental, physical and psy chological stressors,” he said. "We were the first to explore the effects of cadmium in learning situations that were concerned with aversively motivated behaviors.” Outside stress, he said, lead and cadmium have other side effects, such as pulmonary problems, kidney dysfunction, motor-nerve impair ment and deterioration of the olfac tory bulbs in the brain, which regu late the sense of smell. area. “The reason I got interested in cadmium was because cadmium and lead have very similar neurochemi cal profiles,” Nation said. “They tend to evoke similar changes in terms of the chemistry of the nervous system,” he said. “You would suspect that there “It’s not unusual for factory work ers to lose their sense of smell when they’re working in a cadmium-re lated industry,” Nation said. The next goal for the research team is to look at the combined ef fects of toxins. “Very little is known in terms of the combined effects of different chemicals like lead and cadmium,” he said. FEELING TIRED? 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