The Battalion. (College Station, Tex.) 1893-current, February 26, 1987, Image 12

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Page 127The Battalion/Thursday, February 26, 1987
Scientists find link
between genetics
and mental illness
NEW YORK (AP) — A study of
manic-depressive disease in three
generations of a family has shown
for the first time that defective genes
can cause psychiatric disorders, and
scientists say the finding could help
them understand a wide range of
mental illness.
“It’s an extremely important
opening into molecular genetics and
molecular biology for the major
mental disorders,” said Dr. Darrel
Regier of the National Institute of
Mental Health.
The work should spur studies that
lead to better understanding of such
illnesses as schizophrenia and anxi
ety disorders, he said.
Previous studies had suggested
that genetics could contribute to psy
chiatric disorders. But the new find
ing is the first demonstration of a ge
netic defect in a mental disease that
shows no anatomical abnormalities
in the brain, he said.
Alzheimer’s disease, for which ge
netic links were recently reported,
does include brain abnormalities.
The study traced the defective
gene through three generations of
an Old Order Amish family and de
termined that it lies within a narrow
portion of the chromosome scientists
have designated No. 11.
Members of the family who inher
ited the gene had an 85-percent
chance of suffering manic-depres
sion or related conditions during
their lifetimes, said study co-author
David Housman of the Massachu
setts Institute of Technology.
While the work will not produce
better treatments for the disease im
mediately, it opens the door to fur
ther research toward that goal,
Housman said.
Manic-depressive illness, also
called bipolar disorder, is estimated
to afflict 2 million people in the
United States at some time in their
lives.
Generally it involves severe de
pression plus episodes of mania,
which can include racing thoughts,
restlessness and delusions of gran
deur, or of hypomania, a less intense
form of mania. Symptoms can be
largely controlled with drugs.
Nobody knows what fraction of
victims get the disease from the gene
identified in the Amish study. But
even if it is only a tenth of United
States cases, “you’re talking about
200,000 to a quarter-million people,”
said Dr. Herbert Pardes, director of
the New York State Psychiatric Insti
tute.
The Amish study is Reported in
today’s issue of the British journal
Nature.
The same issue contains two stud
ies showing that the gene was not as
sociated with manic-depressive ill
ness in two non-Amish populations.
But a researcher for one of those
studies said the Amish study is still
important. If the Amish gene can be
isolated and its role in the disease
clarified, it will “give us a very im
portant clue into how manic-depres
sive illness can be induced,” said El
liot Gershon of the national mental
health institute.
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Legislators oppose
Reagan's proposed
Customs budget cuts
WASHINGTON (AP) — Cuts in
the U.S. Customs Service budget
proposed by the Reagan administra
tion make a mockery of the nation’s
war on drugs, cripple morale and
must be rejected, lawmakers said
Wednesday.
At a Senate Finance Committee
hearing on Reagan’s budget propo
sal for the agency attended by Cus
toms Commissioner William von
Raab, lawmakers called for expan
sion rather than reduction in the
Customs’ budget.
“Given the broad array of duties
as defined in the Customs Service’s
mission, we are once again faced
with a devastating budget request
from the administration,” said Rep.
Ron Coleman, D-El Paso, who testi
fied before the committee.
The president’s $1 billion budget
proposal calls for a cut of 1,485 Cus
toms employees in fiscal 1987 — for
a $21.6-million savings — and rescis
sion of $39 million in funds already
allocated by Congress.
For fiscal 1988, the proposal calls
for 513 additional employee cuts, re
ducing the Customs staff to 13,039.
If implemented, such cuts would
lengthen already long lines at many
border crossings, tying up commer
cial traffic and hurting the econ
omies of both the United States and
Mexico, said Sen. Lloyd Bentsen, D-
Texas, chairman of the Finance
Committee.
Rep. Albert Bustamente, D-San
Antonio, who also testified, said, “It
bears repeating that Mexico is this
country’s third-largest trading part
ner, and that the value and volume
of its exports continues to grow.”
Similar cuts have been proposed
by the administration for the past six
years, and have been denied, at least
in part, by Congress.
For the past several years Con
gress has increased the agency’s bud-
get-
“It’s like watching the same movie
year after year when we view the ad
ministration’s budget request for
Customs,” said Sen. John C. Dan-
forth, D-Mo., a member of the Sen
ate Finance Committee.
Danforth joined Bentsen and oth
ers on the committee in calling for
an end to proposals that would slice
deeply into the agency’s budget, par-
ticulary in light of last year’s admin
istration cry for an increased war
against drugs.
Von Raab said that the adminis
tration is seeking the cuts to comply
with the Gramm-Rudman deficit re
duction law and that as an arm of
government it is Customs’ responsi
bility to shoulder a portion of the
cuts.
Court: Death of fetus
not grounds for suit
AUSTIN (AP) — The Texas Su
preme Court said Wednesday a
woman who sued her employer for
the death of her unborn child can’t
collect damages, but dissenting jus
tices called the ruling archaic.
“The court has unbelievably res
urrected the old common law
maxim that it is more profitable for
the defendant to kill than to in
jure,” said Justice William Kilgarlin
in his dissenting opinion.
“A dead fetus is now worth noth
ing, but one injured and later born
alive may sue,” he said.
Kimberly Witty, 25, sued Ameri
can General Capital Distributors,
Inc., for $3 million after tripping
over an office outlet and falling
while she was 4V2 months pregnant.
Witty was a receptionist for the
firm at the time of the 1983 fall.
During a trial at a Harris County
district court, Witty’s physician tes
tified the fetus was alive after the
fall, but nine days later was re
moved from its mother’s womb be
cause it had died.
The mother asked for $ 1 million
for the child’s injuries, $1 million
for the loss of her baby’s compan
ionship, $500,000 for emotional
trauma she suffered and $500,000
in property damages for the loss of
her fetus.
A state district court in Harris
County ruled against Witty, saying
she could not collect the damages
because the fetus was not born al-
reversed part of the decision, ruling
that Witty could sue for the death
of her child and her mental suffer
ing.
The appeals court denied her the
$1 million for injuries to the fetus.
American General appealed the
ruling to the Texas Supreme Court.
In writing the Supreme Court’s
majority opinion, Ted Robertson
said the Legislature did not include
unborn fetuses when writing the
wrongful death act, so Witty was
not entitled to any damages.
Kilgarlin, joined by Chief Justice
John Hill and Justice C.L. Ray,
chastised the majority for that rea
soning and said the justices were
shirking their responsibility to in
terpret the law.
“Apparently, we can no longer
interpret a statute unless there is
legislative history” showing who
should be covered, Kilgarlin said.
The ruling also said Witty could
not collect additional personal in
jury damages because she already
was collecting workers compensa
tion.
Kilgarlin said the ruling, issued
by the state’s highest court, puts
Texas in a minority.
“Currently, 35 states and the Dis
trict of Columbia allow wrongful
death actions to be brought on be
half of stillborn, viable fetuses,” Kil
garlin said. “Only eight states do
not yet allow this type of recovery.”
ive.
But an appeals court in Houston
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February 26, 1987