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About The Battalion. (College Station, Tex.) 1893-current | View Entire Issue (Feb. 24, 1981)
Ill Hinds The Battalion Vol. 74 No. 104 I 12 Pages Serving the Texas A&M University community Tuesday, February 24, 1981 College Station, Texas USPS 045 360 Phone 845-2611 The Weather Yesterday High 75 Low 44 Rain none Today High 77 Low 50 Chance of rain. . . none Spanish coup attempt ‘fizzes out United Press International MADRID, Spain — Rebellious civil guards released Spain’s 350 parliamentary deputies today, ending a 17-hour rightist coup attempt with the sudden surrender of the insur- ction’s leader. “Walk out unconcerned,” Antonio Tejero, 47, the Fran cois! leader of the failed coup, told the deputies before being taken to civil guard headquarters. “The only thing happening , here is that I’m going to land 30 or 40 years in jail. ” been roM The bloodless end of the bizarre coup was a triumph for Iiieinu| .|p a j n ’ s 5-year-old democracy and a personal victory for King 1 another l;v | uan C ar l OS; w ho has guided from dictatorship to parliamen- Donn Susa rule. taught ip f| The deputies filed out of the Congress of Deputies row by ow as parliament president Landelino Lavilla, who began the teizure with a rebel gun at his temple, quietly urged: “Calm, talm.” Landelino ordered the deputies to reassemble today to continue the business of electing a prime minister to end a Inonth-long leadership crisis. Thousands of Spaniards crushed behind riot barriers out- ide the downtown parliament cheered, wept and applauded I! 15 AL : son I OF R •UD RU 3-7-8I 175 SUN. TEXAS AW, as the deputies filed out. As word of the negotiated surrender boomed from hun dreds of transistor radios in the crowd at Neptune Plaza, drivers honked horns. The masses on foot surged forward against police lines and had to be beaten back by officers on horseback. ’The rebel leader, Army Lt. Col. Antonio Tejero Molina, decided to give up his bid for a return to military rule after a simultaneous rebellion in eastern Spain crumbled and Juan Carlos stood firm behind democracy. Tejero, a hardline anticommunist and sworn foe of Basque home rule, told army negotiators he would release his hos tages on the condition he be permitted to surrender in the nearby town of El Pardo where his mentor, dictator Francisco Franco, lived and in 1975 died. Tejero demanded that no photographers witness his depar- ture from the parliament building. He insisted he alone be held responsible for the dramatic seizure Monday of 350 deputies meeting to elect a new prime minister to end a monthlong government crisis. As it became clear that Tejero’s bid to crush democracy had failed, dozens of his rebel civil guards left the parliament building. More than 50 jumped from first-floor windows and were driven off in buses. The stocky, mustachioed officer earlier permitted 15 female deputies to leave the parhament “to let everyone know no one had been harmed.” The death knell for the coup attemp came when King Juan Carlos, the constitutional head of state of Spain’s 5-year-old democracy, denounced the attempt to derail Spain’s constitu tional experiment. The army sent troops loyal to the monarch to surround the parliament building. An attempt at a wider insurrection apparently fizzled when Gen. Jaime Milans del Bosch in Valencia declared a military government but then pulled his troops and tanks off the street. Earlier, sneering at government attempts to end the rebel lion, Tejero said an army negotiator offered him a plane to leave Spain but he refused because, “I get very dizzy on planes.” Twelve hours into the siege, he told a friend by phone he felt “fresh as a daisy.” The insurrection failed to spark any widespread support. There was no action in the Basque country, site of 114 of 128 political killings last year, or any other part of Spain. Prime Minister Adolfo Suarez, who has led Spain’s govern ment since the death of Franco in 1975, was seized along with his entire Cabinet as the 350 legislators were voting on Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo to replace Suarez as prime minister in an effort to end a month-old government crisis. In the midst of the debate, Tejero s guardsmen burst into the Chamber of Deputies, positioned themselves beside each row of deputies and fired their submachine guns into the ceiling. “Nobody move. Everyone on the floor,” Tejero shouted, firing a pistol and jumping to the podium, said a journalist who witnessed the takeover, which was eerily broadcast on nation al radio. “A lieutenant colonel of the civil guard is right now walking up to the podium and pointed a pistol at the head of the parliamentary President Landelino Lavilla,” the broadcast said. “Police and more police are coming in. They have sub machine guns and pistols. We can transmit no more because they are pointing at us.” > The civil guard later released three deputies, as crack antiterrorist troops surrounded the downtown building and snipers took up positions on nearby rooftops. nald! I iVERV id their it be aware on lockers East Kyle $3.00 per ally. Inter stop by tlie Sports Of- le. Zumwalt: U.S. not prepared By TERRY DURAN Battalion Staff The United States and the Soviet Un ion have returned to the times of the 1962 Cuban missile crisis — but the U.S. is the underdog this time around, former naval chief Elmo Zumwalt says. Zumwalt painted a dark picture of U.S. military unpreparedness before an attentive Monday night audience of ab out 300 in Rudder Auditorium. He also expressed hope that the new adminis tration would make a significant start toward regaining at least equality. Zumwalt, 60, who served as chief of naval operations from 1970 to 1974, said the United States stood only a one-in- three chance of winning a military con frontation with the U. S. S.R. He said the United States had a ten-fold military edge in 1962; i.e., a war at that time would have resulted in ten Russian casualties for every American death. However, he said, “the tables have been exactly turned.” He said the U. S. S. R. has equaled and surpassed American military strength by outspending: The Soviets, he said, spend 18 percent of their gross national product on the military, as opposed to a four percent figure for the United States. Zumwalt heavily criticized former President Jimmy Carter for decreasing military spending, and said it would be “a long and slow process to rebuild” the American military. He added the “great need to fix our economy” might result in defense spending “less than prudence would require. “If (President Ronald) Reagan re mains in office eight years, we might regain parity,” he said. He cited a ten-to-one Russian advan tage in tanks and a four-to-one naval numerical edge as evidence of “the de cades-long struggle that faces this generation and the next.” He said the all-volunteer armed forces “never really had a chance to work” because Carter let pay scales fall too far behind what was available in the civilian world. He also expressed doubt Reagan would reinstitute the draft anytime soon. Zumwalt said an immediate U.S. arms buildup would cause the Soviet Union to “practice partnership, pay lip service to detente, try to put the sleep ing giant back to sleep,” rather than instigate an immediate Soviet attack be fore the United States regained military parity or superiority. He compared the Carter administra tion’s policies to Neville Chamberlain’s efforts just before World War II — efforts which were supposed to bring about “peace in our time.” Zumwalt added the People’s Republic of China was more of an American ally than a friend of the U.S.S.R., contrary to popular belief. Zumwalt said he had “always been a very strong advocate of women,” and said what the military often needed was “a brain, not a body. “My most vicious and cunning enemy ever was a Viet Cong woman,” he said, but he skirted the question of women in combat positions. Zumwalt said the KGB (Soviet intel ligence agency) far surpassed the effi ciency of the CIA, partly due to the differences in the two societies. “No foreign agent trusts us any more,” he said. “Too many of them got shot for doing that. ” The retired admiral condemned de fense spending cuts that shot down the B-l bomber, and warned against ratify ing the SALT II treaty. “We’ve got four years to cut the dis crepancy,” he said. “If the next genera tion can avoid the mistakes and prob lems this generation had, then the chances are high for a world where our form of government can prosper and with Vastaaijl • five chaMI Club Tox-t enneth I of the ( 'ood fetici tournai ginners t Depa ess their si-i to Peck ol >r their asst j m in sponss Emm Under a watchful eye Austin Eisner, age 21 months, seems content as he plays with his toys. His father, Jurge Eisner, a baker at Duncan Dining Hall, enjoys watching his son at play. Hanging around Staff photo by Chuck Chapman Pre-medicine major John Mathis has his own ray-catching style — from a hammock between two light poles — as the sun beams down Monday. Networks help transmit information By LAURA HATCH Battalion Reporter The Texas A&M Women’s Network and the Texas A&M Minorities’ Network are just two of the programs set up to increase communications between the admi nistration and the faculty, said Dr. Elizabeth Cowan, assistant to the president. Rather than being defined organizations, these net works are a form of communication among and be tween women and minorities in the University, said Cowan. The networks originated last fall when Cowan and Dr. Clinton Phillips, dean of faculties, were asked by Acting President Charles Samson to come up with suggestions of how to increase communication. The networks were just one of the suggestions made, Cowan said. “The over all effort to increase communication is to benefit as much as possible from our faculty,” Samson said. “Also, good communication minimizes mis understanding,” he said. Faculty receptions, question and answer columns in Fortnightly, the faculty newsletter, and open discus sions after Academic Council meetings are also being used to increase communication, Cowan said. The faculty receptions, not restricted to women and minorities, are held periodically in the president’s home, she said. Invitations are sent out on a rotating basis and all the colleges are represented. Thirty facul ty members are invited, Cowan said, and can ask the University president questions. The function of the networks is to acquaint new faculty members with the university and its surround ings and to help to department heads in their decisions of hiring if the department heads want help, Cowan said. They do not provide a means for finding women and minorities to hire, she said. “As far as the networks are concerned, if we have prospective women or minorities, we want them to have an accurate picture of what it’s like to work here,” Phillips said. “By talking with people already in their department, they can know. ” When a department head has a person he wants to hire, he can use the network to help get the person acquainted with the campus and the community by introducing him to other people. This gives them the opportunity to ask about non-academic things, such as what it is like to live in College Station, Cowan said. “It’s almost incidental that they’re women,” Cowan said. “What they’re trying to do is bring together people with common interests. We are concerned with increasing communications for all members of the faculty. ” The networks are “very definitely” working, Dr. Gwen Ellissalde, veterinary clinical associate, said. Ellisalde said being out at the veterinary school is isolates her from other women faculty. Through the women’s network she is able to get in touch with women on campus and find out what is available to both faculty and students. Therefore, she said, she is more knowledgable about the campus and this makes her a better teacher. Some of the ideas the networks want to implement are help with recruitment for departments, a child care center for women faculty and acquainting new women with what is available for them on campus, Dr. said Mary Herron, associate professor for veterinary anatomy. Elissalde said the network also wanted to serve as a problem-solving group. In some photo essays that de partments put out, the content may include only Corps members or only men, she said. The network, she said, wants to make those in charge of these prog rams more sensitive to the percentages of women and minorities involved as faculty or students. Affirmative action requires ‘good faith' Staff photo by Brian Tate By LAURA HATCH Battalion Reporter There is evidence that the increase in women and minority faculty members from last year can be attri buted to the affirmative action plan and efforts of de partment heads. The affirmative action plan was set up in 1978 by the Department of Labor to enact final regulations for employment guidelines. The plan requires all federal contractors to set goals for filling professional positions with women and minorities. Texas A&M University has been involved with affirmative action since 1973. Daniel Hernandez, affir mative action officer, said employers may be following the guidefines and goals of the affirmative action plan but may have problems finding women and minorities to hire because of past discriminatory practices. Employers are supposed to align hiring goals with the number or percent of qualified women or minor ities available rather than with their general represen tation within the population. The regulation of the affirmative action plan is done by “good faith effort,” Hernandez said. Quotas for hiring women and minorities are illegal unless they are assigned by a court. When there is evidence of a pattern of discrimina tion, the burden of proof is on the employer who must show the job criteria are strictly job-related and they do not have a discriminating effect. The employer must also be able to show records documenting those efforts. “We (Texas A&M) have been urged to try to in crease our women and minorities,” Dr. Clinton Phil lips, dean of faculties said. There has been about a 15 percent increase in women in the faculty since last year. Minority faculty membership increased by about 18 percent. The first four ranks of faculty, professor, associate professor, assistant professor and instructor, increased by 2.8 percent over last year. Women account for 13.3 percent of that increase, while minorities account for 15.6 percent. Hernandez said each year the departments go through a self-analysis that summarizes where they stand in percentages of women and minorities. In 1977-78 women in the faculty didn’t increase at all. There was about a three percent increase in men hired. A “chilling affect” from discrimination may have occured in the past that would keep women and minor ities from applying now, Hernandez said. The affirmative action office at Texas A&M helps make available positions known to women and iriinor- ities, he said. As a university, Texas A&M is subject to three federal regulatory agencies. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is the authority that enforces the Civil Rights Act. The Department of Labor is the enforement author ity for three acts which provide for Vietnam veterans, handicapped people, females and minorities. The Department of Education enforces the Title IX and Title VI of the Civil Rights act that protects stu dents as well as employees. When a federal contractor is thought to not be complying with the affirmative action plan, these agencies go into action, Hernandez said. The Texas A&M University System has not re ceived notification of noncompliance, he said. ! E If It r- Je >y In Id V. Jp he' he of ee mt :ed ‘all 3p- :es, tor 1 or ’ or iian t of i It >nal any nk. 1 in the Ison mar glas ton, iled the por- cur- gas 1 by the