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The Battalion Vol. 74 No. 47 10 Pages a c areaei ; sin & otlj "'ho rf Serving the Texas A&M University community Tuesday, November 4, 1980 College Station, Texas USPS 045 360 Phone 845-2611 The Weather Yesterday Today High 80 High ....78 Low 51 Low ....56 Rain . 0.00 inches Chance of rain . . . ... .0% ‘eraskin rrective ned,” ened, nottoohmll ute a fe« 0n 8 e rwitlj Ug 0 don.” ^pple m Patiy pers ls P°rtitsp street 'amburgersi ^ out thehi residential race a toss-up to the end United Press International jpublican Ronald Reagan is the narrow favorite to win the presidential election today, but Jimmy Carter pleaded for irats to return to the fold and rescue his hopes for four more in the White House. Democratic president and his Republican challenger :d at the end of a long, lackluster and negative campaign a few points apart on the pollsters’ charts. Reagan was the ler, both nationally and in most of the big electoral vote :es that would do most to select the next president. Despite pollsters’ numbers and pundits’ estimates indicating Carter will be the first elected president since Herbert Hoover to lose a second term bid, several big questions remained to keep the election in the toss-up category: — Did the Iranian Parliament’s offer to release the U.S. hos tages help Carter even though he could not promise immediate freedom for the 52 Americans held captive for a year? — Would Democrats who defected to independent John Anderson return in numbers enough to give Carter some of the large swing states in which Reagan held slim leads? — And could the feverish efforts of Democrats and their allies to reverse the 16-year decline of voter turnout yield enough extra votes to eke out victory for the president? The presidential contest tops the ballot, but voters are also choosing 435 members of the House, 33 senators and 13 gov ernors, as well as electing thousands of other state and local officials and deciding scores of ballot questions, from tax cuts to educational policies. There were some bitterly fought contests, especially for the Senate, across the country, but early GOP hopes of breaking the Democratic hold on Congress — now 59-41 in the Senate and 276-159 in the House — does not appear likely to pan out even if a Republican does move into the White House in January. Nor do the Republicans appear likely to make heavy inroads on the current Democratic lead of 31-19 in governorships. Turnout is vital to both sides, with the Democrats standing to gain most from a big vote because of their advantage in both registration and voter self-identification. But most experts are predicting no more than 88 million votes — less than 55 percent of the 160.5 million Americans of voting age and about the same percentage as in 1976. \tuden t survey says Reagan ined votes after debate By RITCHIE PRIDDY Battalion Staff aid Reagan’s personality is more per- e than Carter’s, and as a result he away with a significant increase in two Texas A&M University speech junications professors say. iversity professors John Cook and un Strong conducted a survey on col- itudents to try and determine the in- ceof the presidential debate, and con- d that the debate could have an im- on the way some people will vote Ve cannot make projections from the ly; we dealt primarily with why Reagan |d votes after the debate. The reason Is because people could more readily ify with Reagan,” Strong said, ite two professors studied responses of college students on questionnaires be- and after the debate. The question- re consisted of questions ranging from ich man was best suited for the pres- cy?” to “What was the most impor- issue in the campaign?” It was random- istributed to 250 students. Of the 250 fionnaires given out, 157 were corn ed, which the two professors consi- ■ed a poor return. the length of the questionnaire (eight it) might have been part of the prob- \ Cook said. ne ABC News poll, after the debate, |ioned about 1,000 people nationwide )ne question per person. Surs dealt with 157 people with 210 itions so it was more information from people,” he said. TLE The results indicated Reagan was the only candidate who got a significant shift upward in the number of people who said they would vote for him. “But, of course, with 59 percent of the population tested for Reagan to start with and like only 27 percent for Carter, you are in Reagan country, so more people are going to say he won and more people are going to shift that way just from talking to others,” Cook said. The study indicated that both candidates achieved higher credibility from the de bate, with Reagan scoring higher in social and physical attractiveness. “Reagan was higher on physical attrac tiveness, how well he dressed and how good he looked, and more socially attrac tive, as well. People seem to like him better which, according to his campaign officials, fits the goal of his campaign,” Cook said. “He was trying to come off inter-personally warm, talk to you one-on-one, and it must be working because he is liked more.” Another thing measured was whether the voter thought the candidates’ views matched his own. Does the candidate be lieve the same things I do, have the same attitudes, the same values? “Identification is persuasion,” Strong said. “If someone can identify with a candi date he’ll most likely vote for him.” Strong explained that Reagan’s positive identification comes from his use of lan- quage that emphasizes feelings and atti tudes that people already have. Reagan mirrors the attitudes of society and makes people feel they are agreeing with him. when in fact he is agreeing with them. “Carter restrains himself to be presiden tial, and Reagan will go ahead and let him self relate to the individual citizen,” Strong said. “He talks a lot like every body’s grandfather.” The study indicated Reagan scored high er on questions about similar beliefs, atti tudes, values and background. Cook said Reagan was perceived to be similar in his cutural and economic back ground, closer to the voters. “So being from the South is no net asset in East Texas (for Carter).” Of those surveyed, the economy was shown to be the most important issue in the campaign for most people, with foreign policy also considered important. Carter’s performance as president was ap parently not a major issue. Cook said that the debate did have an impact on the number of undecided voters, since they were reduced from 19 percent to 13 percent. Some 5 percent of the unde cided indicated a move in their preferenc to Reagan, with only a one percent increase for Carter. Also, apparently, many voters consi dered themselves better informed on the issues after the debate. There was, howev er, no increase in the number of people who said they were going to vote. “What we think we found in this data is the same kinds of things we expected,” Cook said. “The candidates are doing the things they do best, doing what their coaches told them to do, and well enough to come off the way they are supposed to — credible and likeable.” Here at last... Staff photo by Pat O’Malley Texas A&M students stand in one of two lines in the be picked up in the Commons from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Commons Monday afternoon, in order to pick up their daily for the next two weeks. For a review of the 1980 long awaited copy of the 1980 Aggieland. Yearbooks can Aggieland, refer to page 2. jocation of hostages remains well-guarded secret United Press International susands of Iranians rallied outside the U.S. Embassy today hen flocked into the diplomatic compound on the first fersary of its seizure, but the whereabouts of the 52 American iges was a tightly guarded diplomatic secret, le official Pars news agency said thousands of Iranians med through the streets of Tehran to the embassy for the and “then thousands were allowed into the embassy com- I.” Pars did not disclose the location of the hostages, deepening the mystery of their whereabouts since the militants transferred “re sponsibility” for the captives to the government Monday and told it to send a representative for “delivery of the American spies.” Pars said the rally began with readings from the Koran and a communique read by one of the militants, who Sunday evening said they would invite the public into the compound for tours. PO Hanson has iiird chance ■I ^ED. •r parole color only. II per United Press International VACAVILLE, Calif. — The only real |ion about Charles Manson’s parole hg today is whether the bearded mass Perer will show up. I s aging leader of the drug and sex cult as the Manson Family has little ce of winning time off a life sentence ordering the murders of actress Sharon 5 and eight other people in Los Angeles if conceding that fate, Manson Bed a meeting with hearing officers last r, calling them “a bunch of liars.” luison, 45, has twice been rejected as jitable for parole, and no follower who onvicted of murder has been granted ist month, parole officers denied early dates to former Manson Family bers Charles “Tex” Watson, Steve i” Grogan and Robert Beausofi. Ear- bis year, parole also was denied Patri- ^renwinkel, Susan Atkins and Leslie louten. jlanson is intelligent enough to know not going to get paroled,” Stephen ! a Los Angeles deputy district attor- in a recent interview. |don’t know whether he’ll show up or games. I don’t expect anything start- to happen, although where Charles Son’s concerned we can never be pson spokeswoman Teda Boyll said day Manson indicated he would attend bearing, “but that can change by Student debate airs views of candidates By ROBERT R. GREEN Battalion Reporter The Texas A&M University Debate Club, on the theory that Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan would not agree to a campaign debate, scheduled a debate of its own between students speaking for the four presidential candidates on the Texas ballot. But the date they picked, October 28, happened to be the very day Reagan and Carter representatives finally settled on for their candidates’ meeting. Pre-empted by the real thing, the club had to settle for Monday, the day before the election, to hold what it cal led an “open forum on the election.” The debate, held in 401 Rudder Mon day night, may have been late, but that didn’t make the participants — or the audience — any less vocal. Lainee Kobeluch, the club’s vice president, said the forum’s late date didn’t mean it might not help some un decided voters make up their minds. “A lot of people won’t make up their minds until they go in the booth and go, ‘Eenie, meenie, minie, moe,’” she said. But few of the students could have been called “undecided.” Though only about 20 people attended, those who were there voiced their opinions freely, and the event was probably closer to a full-fledged “debate” than the more structured Carter-Reagan bout the week before. After prepared speeches by students representing the four candidates — Re publican Ronald Reagan, Libertarian Ed Clark, Independent John Anderson and Democrat Jimmy Carter — the floor was thrown open for questions and discussion from the audience. There was plenty, with students supporting Anderson and Clark the most vocal. Instead of simply questioning the spokesmen, students in the audience ended up in a debate over government itself, with Libertarians advocating wholesale cuts in government and others questioning how the poor could be taken care of under such reduced or eliminated programs. The notion of abolishing the mini mum wage — the Libertarians want to — also made sparks fly, as did the ques tion of the military draft. Anderson and Clark supporters each urged people who don’t want to vote for either major party candidate to vote for their candidates. “If you plan to waste your vote, like votingfor John Anderson,” said Jeff Per kins, Clark’s spokesman during the de bate, “you might as well waste it on something worthwhile.” In the prepared speeches the student surrogates made many of the same claims and charges that the the candi dates themselves have been making: — Jack Cherry of the campus Young Democrats echoed the so-called “war and peace” issue by saying that “the man we elect tomorrow may very well determine whether this nation goes to war or stays at peace.” — Reagan backer Scott McGraw, a junior English major, recalled Carter’s 1976 campaign pledge that “I’ll never lie to you” and said, “That was the first one.” — Witzel of the Anderson campaign said that when people are asked why they are voting for Anderson, “the first two reasons that usually come out are Ronald Reagan and Jimmy Carter.” — Clark representative Perkins, a senior marketing major, rejected all three of the other candidates’ platforms as “runaway government” and advo cated cutting the federal budget by $200 billion in one year, with “more to come later.” Hojjatoleslam Musavi Khoyeni, chairman of Iran’s special hos tage commission, and Prime Minister Mohammad Ali Rajai spoke at the rally, and Haj Seid Ahmad Khomeini, the son of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, attended. There were no details on the speeches by the Iranian leaders, but the radio said Khoyeni had yet to mention the hostages, who the militants Monday turned over to the “responsibility” of the government. “We are not making any comments about the hostages what- Court lifts ban on transfer soever, ” said a spokesman for the militants, reached by telephone from London, fueling the mystery over who was watching the captives and exactly where they were being held. As the first votes were cast in the U.S. presidential election in Dixville Notch, N.H., with Ronald Reagan outpolling President Carter 17-3, the militants in Tehran whitewashed the U.S. Embassy of graffiti to celebrate the anniversary of the capture of the diplomatic compound. Refugees sent to Puerto Rico United Press International MIAMI — The first contingent of re fugees will be sent to Fort Allen in Puerto Rico this week, but federal officials say the group will be made up of newly arrived Haitian boat people and not Cuban re fugees. Hours after the Supreme Court lifted a ban Monday on the transfer of refugees to the Puerto Rican facility, which can house at least 2,000 people, Cuban-Haitian Task Force director James Gigante said flights were expected to begin this week, probably by Thursday. Puerto Rican Secretary of State Pedro Vazquez said in San Juan, however, that “all legal means will be used to protect the Puerto Rican people.” Gov. Carlos Romero Barcelo, who also opposes the transfer, said only he would confer with his lawyers on the Supreme Court decision. He faces a difficult re- election battle today. Among the first refugees to leave the U.S. mainland will be about 80 Haitians who came ashore near Islamorada late Monday. “All new arrivals,” Gigante said, “will not begin processing by voluntary agen cies” in Florida, but will be transferred to Fort Allen for processing there. Gigante said there were no immediate plans to send an estimated 500 Cuban re fugees now staying at Miami Beach hotels to Fort Allen, although those who reject resettlement and are unable to find means of support could eventually be transferred to the facility. “A little less than 50 percent of them are accepting resettlement,” said Gigante. The remainder plan to stay in the Miami area, seeking help from friends or relatives or looking for jobs. The federal government has announced it will no longer foot the bill for hotel rooms. Resettlement efforts also continue for 823 Haitians housed at the Krome Avenue center in South Dade County. Gigante in dicated that sponsorless, jobless refugees were likely to be sent to Puerto Rico. Dems likely to rule Congress United Press International WASHINGTON — Democrats are certain to maintain control of Congress in today’s elections, but are likely to lose some ground — and possibly some of their top leaders — to the Republican minority. A United Press International pre-election survey indicated the Democrats will continue to rule Congress, extending their domi nance over both Senate and House to 28 years. The Democrats now have a 273-159 edge in the House with three vacancies, and a 59-41 margin in the Senate. A loss of 15 to 25 Democratic House seats was predicted by experts in both parties, and not enough Senate seats were ex pected to change hands to reverse the Democratic majority there. But it is not the numerical makeup of Congress that is making the 1980 congressional elections interesting. It is the personali ties, single-issue political action groups and scandal-tainted in cumbents who have a big stake in its outcome. The new Senate is certain to remain a white, nearly all male club, but the House is expected to pick up a handful of new women and black members. There currently are 16 females and 15 blacks in the 435-member body. Anti-abortionists, consumer groups, labor unions, fundamen talist Christian conservatives and other pressure groups also get their first look at how much influence they can exert in a general election. Also awaiting the voters’ verdict is an unusually large number of men who have stood or are awaiting trial — or who have already made their peace with the law. Several House members connected to the Abscam investiga tion are in tight re-election races, including convicted Reps. Michael Myers, D-Pa., and John Jenrette, D-S.C. Both are ex pected to lose. And in Maryland, Rep. Robert Bauman’s disclosure that he is an alcoholic with “homosexual tendencies” turned what had been considered an easy re-election for him into a possible win for virtually unknown Democratic challenger Royden Dyson. Bauman, a well-known conservative spokesman, escaped a morals charge after he agreed to enter a rehabilitation program, and the publicity has hurt him. Most eyes, however, were on two committee chairmen who have not come to trial — House Administration Committee Chairman Frank Thompson of New Jersey and Merchant Marine Chairman John Murphy of New York. In the Senate, which has been relatively free of scandal com pared with the House, personalities and pressure groups domin ate the elections. Some of America’s bestknown politicians are up for re-election today, including two former presidential candidates — Sen. Barry Goldwater of Arizona, the 1964 Republican presidential candi date, and Sen. George McGovern of South Dakota, the Demo crats’ 1972 standard-bearer.