THE BATTALION
MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 11, 1976
Page
Presidential power cut
Law revises 'crisis’
used. J
United Press International
WASHINGTON — A 40-year-old
time bomb’ is about to be defused,
tiding the possibility of a “lawful
dictatorship” being set up in the Un
ited States during a national
mergency.
Four states of emergency still in
|)rce providing the president with
veeping powers in times of crisis
ill expire Thursday.
New legislation will make it pos-
pible for Congress to terminate {li
tre states of emergency, even if the
resident objects.
The National Emergencies Act,
which terminates the four
jemergency states and governs such
leclarations in the future, was
iassed Sept. 14, 1976.
The two-year delay in implemen-
ition was to give the administration
a chance to ask Congress for new
statutes to replace the 407 laws that
a president could have invoked
under the states of emergency.
I Sen. Charles Mathias, R-Md., the
Irime mover behind the legislation,
id, the two-year-old measure “de
sses a time bomb at the heart of
iovemment.
“There has been in the United
plates for upwards of 40 years the
otential for lawful dictatorship
Hinder the banner of national
Emergency," Mathias said.
He blamed aggressive presidents,
lermissive congresses and succes-
|ive crises for “the erosion of the
tmcture of divided powers that is
Ihe bedrock of our constitutional
|ystem of government.”
The states of emergency — de
clared in 1933, 1950, 1970 and 1974
— gave a president the power to in
stitute martial law, seize property
and restrict travel.
The chief executive also could
send armed forces into action a-
broad, take control of communica
tions facilities and even set the stage
for secret laws by shutting down the
Federal Register.
Mathias, bothered by the presi
dent’s potential powers after watch
ing executive actions in the Vietnam
War, introduced a resolution in
1971 for a study of the state of
emergency declared by President
Truman during the Korean conflict.
A year later, he joined Sen. Frank
Church, D-Idaho, in introducing a
resolution creating a special Senate
committee to look into all the
emergencies.
The legislation that finally
emerged from the committee study
ended the four states of emergency
and set standards for the future.
No later than six months after a
president declares a state of
emergency, the Senate and House
will vote on a resolution to deter
mine if the emergency shall be ter
minated.
Any national emergency would
automatically end after a year unless
the president notified Congress 90
days in advance that it will still be in
effect.
The president would also have to
inform Congress of all executive or
ders pertaining to the emergency
and make semiannual reports on any
spending involved.
Texas cities grabbed land
to grow, UT teachers say
United Press International
AUSTIN, Texas — Annexation
rather than migration from rural
areas and other states has been the
primary factor in the growth of
Texas cities during the past three
decades, two University of Texas
teachers contend.
Alfred J. Watkins, assistant pro
fessor on the Department of Gov
ernment at the University of Texas,
and Arnold Fleischmann, a teaching
assistant, said some cities in the
state would have lost population
since the end of World War II if
they bad not extended their bound
aries through annexation.
“While popular literature on the
rise of the Sun Belt suggests that
migration is the primary cause of
population increase, the major
Texas cities would have faced lim
ited growth rates since the end of
World War II had they not acquired
new territories, the two said in an
article written for the Texas BusU
ness Review.
Without annexation, the state’s
urban centers would resemble those
of the industrial northeast, with de
caying central cities and shrinking
populations and tax bases.
The most hectic pace of annexa
tion came during the 1950s, when
Dallas and Houston each added an
additional 160 square miles to their
boundaires, San Antonio and El
Paso each added 90 square miles,
Galveston annexed 76 square miles
and Abilene and Lubbock each ex
panded by more than 50 square
miles.
Legislation enacted in 1963
slowed the pace of annexation, hut
%
ES"
un
il drilling
aiow-how
an be sold
United Press International
WASHINGTON — Dresser In-
lustries of Dallas has been told it
ay continue its plans to sell $144
million worth of oil drilling technol-
to the Russians, despite some
fmiplaints the sale amounts to giv-
gaway some military secrets.
The Dresser license has been
challenged to Sen. Henry Jackson,
3-Wash., who maintained the
[technology could easily be applied
:o weaponry, but Dresser has coun-
red that none of the information
[involves secrets and all of it is read
ily available from other industries in
other countries.
President Carter sent word to
ackson Wednesday that he was
tanding firm on permits granted
resser.
“We felt all along that the presi-
ent would make the right decision.
Ve hope it has laid to rest doubts
bout the sale, ” said Tom Campbell,
i Dresser spokesman in Dallas.
Campbell said the project would
reate 2,000 jobs in 13 states.
A spokesman for Jackson con-
irmed Thursday “Sen. Jackson got
he word yesterday that the decision
las been made to let the licenses
land.”
Jackson wanted the licenses held
jp while his investigations sub-
)ommittee looked into the deal and
he process by which the licenses
were granted to Dresser.
“Jackson had hoped they would
defer the licenses until the sub
committee completes its inquiry,” a
ackson aide said.
The company proposed to sell the
Soviet Union an entire drill bit fac
tory, including know-how, equip
ment and a sophisticated welder that
uses electron-beam technology.
| After the export licenses had been
granted, some officials such as
Jackson and Energy Secretary
James Schlesinger raised fears of the
effect of the sale on petroleum pro
duction patterns.
Some also said the electronbeam
welder could be turned to military
uses such as producing special
armor-piercing shells.
Spokesmen for Dresser denied
that charge at a news conference
held Wednesday. The sale involves
only commerical products and none
of them included any technology the
Russians either do not already have
or could easily buy from other pro
ducers, they said.
Now You Know
By United Press International
Albert Einstein’s brain, removed
for study in a 1955 autopsy, weighed
2.64 pounds — no heavier than that
of the average person.
RECORD
COLLECTION
33 M
'Petite
A^caJemp of ^Aance
Jan Jones Hammond
Ages 3 to adult
Beginner adult ballet & tap
3406 South College Ave.
E3ryan, Texas 77801 713/823-8626
3
SALE
All Albums & tapes Vs off list price
All Albums & tapes Vi off Hst price
All Albums & tapes % off Hst price
All Albums & tap*es Vs off H«t price
All Albums & tapes Vs off Hst price
All Albums & tapes Vs off Hst price
All Albums & tapes % off «st price
All Albums & tapes Vs off »* price
Ail Albums & tapes Vs off Hst price
All Albums & tapes % off Hst price
« ^ # i/ off Its* prt^ e
All Albums & tapes /s
„ # i/ off Us* P*!^*
All Albums & tapes Va o*
„ * w n ff list prt^ c
All Albums & tapes /s
• 17 n ff list ptite
All Albums & tapes /a
• i/ off Us* pH^«
AH Albums & tapes /a
• 17 n ff list pH ce
All Albums & tapes /a
• 17 n ff list pri ce
All Albums & tapes /a
„ 9 i/ off f* st P riCC
All Albums & tapes /a
„ # i/ off Hst pri cc
All Albums & tapes /a
All Albums & tapes Vs off Iist
All Albums & tapes Vs off list ***
All Albums & tapes Ya off Iist P^ 06
All Albums & tapes Vs off »** P** 0 ®
Sale Runs Through
Saturday, Sept- 16
RECORD T
COLLECTION
there are indications it may again be
on a rapid increase, Watkins and
Fleischmann said.
“Already, the total area annexed
between 1970 and 1975 exceeds by
33 percent the total area added dur
ing the entire previous decade,”
they said. “If these trends should
continue, the 1970s could become
one of the most active decades of
urban areal expansion in Texas his
tory.”
Annexations' now require ap
proval of the federal government
because of extension of the Voting
Rights Act to Texas, and minority
groups and downtown business in
terests may oppose further attempts
to spread city limits, the govern
ment teachers said.
“Several obstacles to continued
annexation are rapidly emerging in
Texas, and, should they succeed in
blocking or even slowing the pace of
territorial expansion, problems simi
lar to those of the northeastern cities
may soon emerge in Texas, the two
said.
DON’T EVEN THINK
OF BUYING A
NEW CAR UNTIL
YOU’VE ORDERED ONE
FROM
HOUSE OF
CALL 822-7139
WE BROKER STRAIGHT
FROM DETROIT!
A CALL COULD SAVE YOU —
HUNDREDS OF DOLLARS!
Mules laden with Blue Maguey pinas on their way to Cuervo's La Rojena plant.
Since 1795 we’ve
Blue Magueys for
1 fe why.
gathered our
luervo Gold
the gentle way.
Its the old way. And still
the best.
At Cuervo we know that there is only one way to make
Cuervo Gold perfect. The way we've been doing it for more
than 180 years.
That’s why people still nurture our fields of Blue
Maguey plants. And why mules are still used to bring
these precious plants to our distillery. Fbr tradition is still
the most important ingredient in Cuervo Gold.
This is what makes Cuervo Gold truly special. Neat,
on the rocks, with a splash of soda, in a perfect Sunrise or
Margarita, Cuervo Gold ivill bring you back to a time when
quality ruled the world.
Cuervo. The Gold standard since 1795.
CUERVO ESPECIAL® TEQUILA. 80 PROOF. IMPORTED AND BOTTLED BY © 1978 HEUBLEIN. INC., HARTFORD, CONN.
211 University Drive
846-3901
A different message
for newcomers from
First National. . .
If you are a newcomer to Bryan or College Station, this message is
for you.
The selection of a new bank is one of those decisions few people
seriously consider. After all, most hanks are pretty much alike.
First National Bank of Bryan is a little different. And that difference
makes all the difference.
Sure. First National offers all the services of a foil-service bank
(checking, savings, installment and commercial loans, trust
department, etc.). But First National gives you first name service.
To learn more about First National, visit our new banking house in
First Place (Texas Avenue midway between Bryan and College
Station).
Get First National going for you.
>
FIRST NATIONAL RANK of Bryan
First Place/Texas Avenue at Dellwood/Member FDIC