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About The Battalion. (College Station, Tex.) 1893-current | View Entire Issue (Feb. 16, 1943)
Electronic Microscope Devised To Measure One Millionth of an Inch Page 4 OFFICIAL NOTICES Classified LOST—One Longines wrist watch be tween Ed’s and College. Initials “J. M. on back. Reward. 425 No. 15. FOR QUICK SALE—Bedroom suite, hall bed, chest of drawers, breakfast suite, studio couch and occasional chairs. Call 4-5319 after 5 o’clock. LOST—Light brown leather jacket. Left in Academic Building. Lost Feb. 11. How ard H. King, 326 No. 11. LOST—Four-month-old female, black Cocker Spaniel puppy, “Smokey.” Reward. 4-8244. Jerry Oden. LOST—A pair of rimless glasses at Hrdlicka’s Saturday night. It is very important to owner that they be return ed. Finder please notify Billy Owens, No. 17—118, F. O. Box 2189. LOST—Central wrist watch with blue crystal and name “Pete Pratt” scratched on back. Reward. Return to G-13 Walton. V. P. Kelly. * —CLUBS— FORT ARTHUR CLUB MEMBERS— THE CAMPUS STUDY CLUB will meet in the lecture room of the Animal Hus bandry Building at 3:00 o’clock on Tues day, Feb. 16. Dr. Luther Jones will speak on the topic, “Why Plow?” and a film, “The Heritage We Guard,” will be shown. ABILENE CLUB meeting Wednesday night in 209 Academic Building. All boys from Abilene and Taylor County invited. There will be election of officers for the new semester. FISH AND GAME CLUB—There will be a meeting of the Fish and Game Club Wednesday night at 7:00 in room 115 of the A. & I. building. We urge all Fish and Game majors to be present. Visitors are welcome. THE COLLEGE CAMERA CLUB will meet in the Y.M.C.A. chapel Wednesday night, Feb. 17, at 7:00 at which time officers for the current semester will be elected. It is important that all old mem bers be present and that they bring new members with them. Meetings AGRONOMY SOCIETY MEETING Wed nesday evening, Feb. 17, at 6:45 in room 312, Agricultural building to elect re maining officers. All agronomy majors are urged to be present. BRAZORIA COUNTY BOYS—There will be a meeting of all boys from Brazoria County in room 212 Academic Building on Wednesday, Feb. 17, at 7 p.m. Im portant business will be transacted. Please bring yourself and be there on time so we can be through by call to quar ters. SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGI NEERS—There will be a meeting of the Society of Automotive Engineers at 7 :00 Wednesday night in room 109, Mechanical Engineering Building. Freshman and Soph omore engineering students are invited to attend. THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS will meet Wednesday even ing at 6:45 in the C. E. lecture room. Business will include the election of of ficers ; all Civil Engineering students are invited to attend. BELL COUNTY BOYS—There will be a meeting of the Bell County Club Wednes day night at 6:45 in Room 206 Aca demic Building. All Bell County men are urged to be present as officers will be elected. Announcements BRAZORIA COUNTY BOYS—There will be a meeting of all boys from Brazoria County in Room 212 Academic Building on Wednesday night at 7 p.m. Important business will be transacted. Bring your self. We have just received another large shipment of regulation caps .. . slacks . . . shirts . . . shoes and field jackets— stop in and make your se lection today. Officers’ O.D. Felt Dress Caps $8.50 Khaki Rayon Poplin Dress Shirts $4.25 Dark Gabardine All- Wool Shirts $11.50 Dark Spun Rayon Dress Shirts - $5.00 Dark Elastique All-Wool Slacks (High Back) $14.50 All-Wool “Fish” Slacks $10.95 Reg. Feild Jackets 80% Wool Lining $10.95 Nunn-Bush Shoes $10 to $11 Edgerton Shoes $6.50 to $7.95 Fortune Shoes $4.95 fllafdrop 6(8 “Two Convenient Stores” College Bryan Particles as small as one mil lionth of an inch—one thousandth of the diameter of a human hair —can be measured accurately with a new electron microscope devel oped by Dr. Charles H. Bachman and Dr. Simon Ramo of General Electric’s Electronics Laboratory. The microscope is mobile, small, and operates on ordinary house current. Development of the new device makes it possible for small labor atories and war plants to take ad vantage of this type of instru ment which is capable of produc ing images 10,000 times the size of the subject. The G-E electron microscope uses electrons in an entirely dif ferent way than earlier electron microscopes, applying electrosta tic focusing to the beam of elec trons instead of electromagnetic focusing. “This step may well be com pared,” say the young scientists, referring to the new simplified microscope, “with what was done in the X-ray field years ago when early machines were bulky, com plicated, and installed only in the largest institutions. Today, many doctors, dentists, and small clinics have their own small, compact, and easily operated machines.” In the new G-E microscope the beam of electrons passes through the specimen inside a vacuum chamber and produces a visible picture on the fluorescent viewing screen. This image can then be photographed outside the tube, and, if desired, enlarged many thousand times the original size of the specimen for a wall print known as an “Electronmicro- graph.” Former instruments re quired taking of the photograph inside the vacuum chamber. According to General Electric, unique features of the instrument include the application of electro static fields as the electronic len ses. These guide the paths of electron waves through the instru ment just as glass lenses guide light through ordinary optical mi croscopes. Earlier electron micro scopes used magnetic fields for this purpose. It is claimed this elettro static principle can be developed far be yond its present use, and may al low future attainment in micro scopy enabling man to see and study for the first time the struc tures and hidden forces of atoms, the smallest known and still in visible particles of matter. However, William C. White, in charge of the G-E electronic lab oratory, says that “the magnify ing power of the new G-E micro scope was not selected to attempt an approach to this ultimate, but rather to provide an instrument useful to the solution of immediate war and post-war problems con fronting the great majority of workers in this field. It is believ ed that to these workers, the rel ative simplicity and ease of opera tion of the instrument will appeal.” In addition to the development that permits photographing the large image of the specimen di rectly from the fluorescent screen outside the vacuum, other features are the elimination of the need for water supply, and ease in in serting specimens. In designing the new electron microscope, Dr. Bachman and Dr. Ramo sought a simplified instru ment designed as a compact mo bile unit that could be plugged into the regular 110-volt a-c house circuit. The problem was solved after three years of research. The machine is expected to expand the use of electron microscopy in lab oratories now engaged in war work and medical research—and even tually to find wine usage in high schools and colleges. Due to present priority require ments, the device will be avail able for use only in essential lab oratories and war plants. It will not only enable scientists to look at greatly magnified physical ap pearances, but also reveals the ac tual composition and structure of minute particles. They can also study impenetrable substances such as war metals, clays, plas tics and synthetic rubber by im proved transparent replicas. The device uses the relatively small electron waves instead of light waves because their shorter length makes it possible to study much smaller obpects than could be achieved with visible light waves. Light travels in waves of about 1-42,000th of an inch in length, and objects must be at least half that long before they can be seen under the ordinary op tical microscope. Prior to the electron microscope, when objects to be viewed were smaller than this, it was impossible to obtain sharp images, so that further mag nification at that wave length be came impractical. The new microscope has an over all height of 52 inches, and re quires floor space of about two by three feet. The cabinet in cludes a simple power supply, the mechanical vacuum pump, and an air-cooled, oil-diffusion high vac uum pump. A camera is provided for mounting on the front of the instrument for photographing re production when this feature is desired. The cabinet is mounted on castors for mobility, and weighs 600 pounds. No special facilities for operating the instrument are neede, and the unit includes the microscope proper and all auxil iaries. Physically, the microscope has been designed for the convenience of the operator. The electron chamber is mounted horizontally, the eye piece at one end being at eye level for an operator seated before the instrument. The elec tron chamber is supplied with voltage and is evacuated from the end which extends into the cabi net. All controls are at the oper ator’s fingertips. These include accelerating voltage, image inten sity, the main vacuum valve, focus control, and the movement of the specimen. In effect, the operator 4s seated at a desk with a drawer beneath so that materials and notebooks are conveniently at hand. The new machine can peer into the submicroscopic for scientific study in an invisible world far beyond reach of ordinary optical microscopes. With the electron microscope, the G-E scientists have seen smoke particles, only one millionth of an inch in size, appear as minute spheres and as cubes similar to a child’s play blocks. With the instrument, a mosquito’s “stinger” looks like a flint arrow head of the Stone Age. Dr. Bachman and Dr. Ramo say there is hardly a field of science where the extra acute vision of the electron is not of advantage. This includes physics, chemistry, engineering, agriculture, biology, and medicine. —LONGHORN— (Continued From Par* *) Baylor Bears blackened the T. C. U. chances of ever overcoming the pace setting Longhorns by con quering the Toads at Waco 50-41. The Frogs have only a Mathemati cal chance to win or even come near to throw the lead into a three- way tie. Rice continued its terrific pace by overpowering the cellar bound Mjustangs by a margin of 53-33. Bill Tom Gloss, long, lanky cen ter for the Rice Owls continued to set a sizzling pace in the indiv idual score. Close on the heels of lanky the treetop sharp-shooter is Hargis, another center from T. U. who lead the scorers for a short time but was dethroned by sharp-shooting Owl ace. Conference Standing the Team W L Pts. OP. Texas 7 1 371 298 Rice 5 3 316 311 Arkansas 5 3 316 311 T. C. U. . 4 4 298 340 S. M. U. . 3 5 353 345 A. & M. . 2 5 326 329 Baylor 2 7 367 349 Last Week’s Results S. M. U. 51, A. & M. 39 Rice 50, Texas 39. Texas 45-48, Arkansas 31-35. Rice 53, S. M. U. 33. Baylor 50, T. C. U. 41. This Week’s Schedule Thursday: Baylor vs. Rice at Houston. Friday: A. & M. vs Arkansas at Fayetteville. Saturday: A. & M. vs Arkansas at Fayetteville. Texas vs T. C. U. at Fort Worth. Leading Scorers Gloss, Rice 52 28 132 Hargis, Texas 43 26 112 Wynne, Arkansas ....40 24 104 Edwards, Bhylor . 42 17 101 Tomlinson, SMU ... 37 24 98 Huffman, A&M ...42 10 94 Overall, Texas ... 33 23 89 Watkins, A&M ... 35 12 82 Carpenter, Ark. . 30 21 81 Sweet, Baylor 34 6 68 —COMETS— (Continued From Page 3) 690-point season against their op ponents’ 424, with the Kinney, Dick, Dowell combination credited with 431 points, or seven more than the opposition made as a team. Dow ell’s slide ruler complex also re veals that the “trio’s” game point average is slightly more than one point per game higher than their opponents per game average. Coach Jack Gray refuses to com ment on the figures. “Since work ing those navigation problems, I’m -THE BATTALION- -TUESDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 16, 1943 Randolph Flyers Devote More Time To Link Trainers For years aviation men consid ered it drudgery, but for the past few weeks, Randolph Field fliers have been readjusting their sched ules to get in more and more time on the Link Trainer—ground- bound, stubby-nosed, short-winged, blind-flying “teacher.” Realizing that any war to be fought in the air will necessitate hours and hours of instrument fly ing to pilot Uncle Sam’s deadly bombers to! distant military objec tives, Aviation Cadets and instruc tors alike are clamoring for the opportunity to ground-fly these me chanical marvels. So important do Gulf Coast Air Corps Training Center officers con sider the trainers, that they have prepared plans to include six or more hours of blind flying instruc tion in the basic flight course taught here at the “West Point of the Air.” Fortunately, where a few weeks ago there were only three, today there are thirty-seven more train ers to teach Air Corps fliers how to get to Axisland and back when the lights are out and the shades are down. One veteran flier summed up the rush for reservations with a typi cal statement: “Right now, I’m a flight instruc tor; soon, I might be flying a fort ress on a regular Yokohama run, and when that day comes, I intend to be the best doggone blind flier in the business, thanks to this Link Trainer.” To all outward appearances the Trainer looks like a gadget you’d see along the boardwalk at Atlan tic City, but there the resemblance ends, for inside, there’s a complete panel of instruments, just like you’d find in a first-line fighting ship. When the student climbs inside the Trainer, a metal hood is closed down over his head, and there he is—alone with his memoirs and his instruments. As he takes off, he checks his airspeed, rate of climb, banks and turn indicator, for if everything isn’t according to Hoyle, he’ll fall into a spin, as would one of the basic trainers on the flying line. Just as important is the radio ap paratus which keeps the ship on its course. “Every now and then we catch somebody ‘cheating’ — flying by compass rather than by radio beam,” •fa.ims one of the training instructors. “When that happens, we just shoot them a little artifi cial cross-wind and the next thing they know they’re thirty or forty miles off their course headin’ for a mountain top. That usually keeps ’em on the ‘beam’ the next time.” His training flight over, the stu dent lands with the added experi ence of two or three hours of “un- der-the-hood” flying and without any physical risk to himself or to valuable Air Corps training equip ment. Yes, for a gadget that got its start at the rural county fair, the Link Trainer is doing all right by Uncle Sam’s birdmen. scared of figures,” he says. “I just tell my bpys to meet the enemy, keep their powder dry, and fire when the opportunity presents it self.” Same strategy seems to have been sufficient to win seven games from strong conference teams, and five from the Army. World Student Service Fund Still Needs American Aid The problem of the man, in the prison camp is not that of the re fugee—food, clothing, shelter. It is the problem of infinite spare time with nothing to do—of com plete despair, loss of hope, and loss of belief in the future. That is the problem with which the World Student Service Fund helps the war-prisoner. Many prisoners, particularly in the officers’ camps, were students or professors when war broke out. Tothem the offer of books is like bread to a starving man. “With nothing to do I feel my mind slipping away”, writes a former don at Cambridge. “I find I can not concentrate for more than half an hour at a time.” To such men as these have gone books and study materials. 12,102 parcels were sent to prisoners last year, including over 23,373 books, nearly 24,418 notebooks, and 14,- 117 pencils. With this stimulus, “universities in captivity” have been organized. Classes are led by former professors or graduate students. Exchange language les sons are given. Dozens of sub jects are studied—philosophy, hor ticulture, dentistry, medicine, lit erature, astronomy, mathematics, physics, theology. The wife of a French prisoner- of-war writes: “I want to send you my personal word of gratitude for all the good you have done my husband and his comrades. My parcels have improved his daily fare—and that was necessary—but the books you have secured so gen erously have been more useful: they have enabled him to keep up his morale, and to transfore the hard trials of captivity into a rich retreat of study, filled with work and contemplation. My husband is now the official correspondent of the European Student Relief Committee in his camp, and he writes that the University is be coming more important every day.” — EXTENSION — (Continued From Page 1) however, unfavorable weather de layed maturity and the Texas crop also suffered from leaf worm. Notwithstanding, ginnings on December 1 showed an excess of 530,101 bales over the total of 2,- 143,224 bales ginned oh the cor responding date in 1941. Cotton not ginned at that time was es timated officially at about 600,000 bales. But Jaynes believes that the big production was due more to a high yield than increased planting. The Department reports the na tional average yield at 275 pounds an acre, an all-time high. Although the Texas crop helped to make up that average it did not equal the maximum poundage. According to Jaynes, however, the showing was good—about 193 pounds to the acre compared with 168 in 1941. On the other hand the Ameri- can-Egyptian, or SXP, crop, grown chiefly in the irrigated district of El Paso County, was substantially increased. The Department re ports that for the area, which also includes sections of Arizona and New Mexico, planting was about 60,000 acres larger with an esti mated yield of 88,000 bales more than in 1941. During 1942 an organization was formed to enlarge one variety planting in 1943. A state organ ization was formed, which zoned the state and designated varieties for each. Seed for normal plant ing next year promises an im provement over 1941 both in vol ume and germination. Positions Open For Economists In Civilian War Effort Because of the urgent need for economists, economic analysts, and statisticians for civilian war serv ice in the Federal Government, recruiting is being intensified for these positions on a nation-wide basis, the Civil Service Commis sion announced today. The positions pay from $2,600 to $6,500 a year plus overtime, which increases salaries by about 21 per cent on the first $2,900 for 8 hours overtime a week, when the aggregate does not exceed $5,000 a year. The greatest need is in the fields of transportation, labor, commod ities, and industrial studies. For economists marketing, internation al trade, money and banking, and housing are also important fields. Experience in other lines will also be utilized, and complete infor mation may be obtained at first and second-class post offices, or from the U. S. Civil Service Com mission at Washington, D. C. Positions are both interesting and important to the war program. They include dealing with econom ic and statistical problems arising from the reoccupation of areas once held by the enemy, the sale of U. S. securities, exports and im ports in connection with the war economic program, requirements for procurement of war materials, etc. Positions will be located throughout the United States and a few will be filled abroad. Requirements for the positions have been lowered. In general, only 5 years of college or uni versity education or experience in economics or statistics, or a com bination of the two, are necessary for the $2,600 grade. The minimum requirements for the higher grades are proportionately greater. There are no age limits and no written examination will be given. Applications will be accepted un til further notice, but qualified persons are asked to apply im mediately. Applications are not desired from persons already us ing their highest skills in war work. War Manpower restrictions on Federal appointments are giv en in Form 3989, posted in first and second-class post offices. —BASKETBALL— (Continued From Page 3) faster and faster with fouls mounting up on both score sheets; but the Aggies were not to be de nied of that ball game. Three minutes of play, the Ags were in front 52-44, and final gun brought it 54-47. Pacing the Cadets was that tall lanky center Jamie Dawson who tallied 19 points and with only half of a minute of playing time remaining, was forced from the game on fouls. His team mate, Pete Watkins, who set the net afire the first half, came after with 13 tallies. Tomlinson of the Ponies also had 13. Any record of this event should not be written without the men tion of the sensational play that broke when Pete Watkins had a jump after tie ball. From Wat kins the ball was tipped forward to Cokinos who quickly batted the ball behind him into the hands of Les Peden who dribbed half the court for a crip that added two points for the Aggies tallies. Also could be mentioned was the ac curacy of Stringer and Martin who on many actions stripped the net from far out on the court. — Buy war bonds and stamps to day so our fighting men can come home tomorrow. yiCTORY BUY UNITED STATES BONDS AND STAMPS War Relief Fund Discussed By Pres Homer Rainey “American students are respond ing wonderfully to the needs of their fellow students who are vic tims of war in all parts of the world,” stated Dr. Homer P. Rainey, President of the University of Texas. President Rainey is chair man of the World Student Service Fund, 8 West 40th Street, New York City, which is the educational and fund raising organization for student war relief. The record of a group of so- called “pace-setting colleges” is es pecially notable, according to Dr. Rainey. Thirty-two leading colleges and universities in all parts of the country are together raising a total of $54,000. These same colleges gave a total of only $24,700 last year. Small colleges as well as large universities are giving generously to the World Student Service Fund. Phillips University, Enid, Okla homa, has contributed $500, more than $1.00 per student. This same per capita contribution has come from Greenbrier College (West Vir ginia), Mt. Hermon School (Mass.) r Occidental College (Calif.), Tuscu- lum College (Tenn.). The highest per capita giving has come from Smith College where the average student contri bution is $11 plus to the Smith Service Fund. The share for the World Student Service Fund is $3 per student. Other high records are: Yale Divinity School, $5.00 per capita; Union Theological Sem inary, $4.15; Mt. Holyoke College and Randolph-Macon Woman’s Col lege, each $1.85. Oberlin College^ $1.20 per student to WSSF from a Chest with a per capita contri bution of $7.00. Another notable contribution was from Andover- Newton Theological Seminary of Massachusetts, which gave $3.50 per student to WSSF from a Chest which represented a $5.25 per cap ita. An interesting group of colleges are those which have doubled, tripled, quadrupled or in some cases multiplied by fifteen or twenty times their gift of last year. One of the most striking facts in college giving this year is that only two or three institutions have given less than last year, whereas all other colleges have made sub stantial increases. A total of 150 colleges had sent in their contribu tions by January 15th. The “active” list in World Student Service Fund files, namely those colleges from which some contribution is expect ed, is nearly 700. Of this number, 250 will be colleges which did not contribute last year. One hundred preparatory schools and 40 theolog ical seminaries are included in the total. A number of totally new college gifts, all of them between $150 and $525, had come in by January 15th from the following colleges: Ar kansas State Teachers College, Bowdoin, Indiana Central, Pacific Lutheran, Trinity University (Tex as), Union College (N.Y.) Many individual gifts for student relief represent real sacrifice. One student in a Texas college works from 3 to 11 p.m. to earn her way through college. A tenth of this in come she gives to her college's WSSF drive. At a theological sem inary, students worked as order lies in a nearby hospital and in the town postoffice during Christmas in order to raise their quota. At a leading mid-western college, stu dents sold food from home in order to help their college go over the top. “With such a spirit dominating American students, it is clear that we shall not only win the war but that we are laying a solid founda tion for winning the peace,” said President Rainey. “Reaching the World Student Service Fund’s goal of $300,000 is one of the best ways I know to conserve and develop the trained leadership that will be so sorely needed in the post-war world.” Dr. N. B. McNutt DENTIST Office in Parker Building Over Canady’s Pharmacy Phone 2-1457 Bryan, Texas Patronize Our Agent in Your Outfit DYEM- FUR .STORAGE,MATTERS 2*1565 D. M. DANSBY, ’37