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Be There'.
Scientists expect as many as 5,00l)
new fish species in census of oceans
-STAFF Pfl
By John Heilprin
THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
WASHINGTON — Scuttling
and floating almost two miles
below the North Atlantic are a
ghostly, foot-tall octopod with
fins sprouting from its head, a
soft coral with starry feathers
and a flower-like creature with
the body of a worm.
Researchers showed other
worldly film of those and other
creatures Thursday, demon
strating an unprecedented
marine census that is discover
ing more than 30 new species
of animal and plant life every
week. And those three don’t
even necessarily count.
“They can’t even be
described as a new species until
we have a specimen,’’ Mike
Vecchione, a Smithsonian biolo
gist, said of the deep-sea dive
footage publicly screened for
the first time at the National
Museum of Natural History.
Scientists reporting their first
findings since the project began
in May 2000 said that by the
time they’re finished in 2010,
they may have found more than
2 million different species of
marine life.
“People have tended to look
where it’s easy ... and there’s so
much more to be found,” said
Jesse Ausubel, environmental
scientist at The Rockefeller
University in New York City.
“We have discriminated in the
past in favor of a very small
number of species.”
Three hundred scientists
from 53 countries are working
on the decade-long census to
learn the number of different
species and catalogue them. So
far, the Census of Marine Life
includes 15,304 different
species of fish and 194,696 to
214,696 — there’s disagreement
among the experts — species of
animals and plants.
So far, the research is com
ing up with about 150 to 200
previously unknown species of
fish and 1,700 new species of
other aquatic animals and
plants each year.
The scientists said they
believe the oceans that extend
across 70 percent of Earth’s sur
face hold about 20,000 species
of fish and up to 1.98 million
species of animals and plants.
Many of those could be basic
and small life forms, such as
worms and jellyfish.
“We’ve tended to be interest
ed in the things that we eat,”
said Ausubel, who helps run the
census for the Alfred P. Sloan
Foundation, which provided $20
million in funding. “We’ve
tended not to be interested in the
things that pass through our nets
or don’t taste good. But the
small critters are tremendously
important in the ecosystem ...
and in an evolutionary sense, the
small things came first. They’re
ancient, and they're survivors.”
Scientists hope to gain a
better understanding of life in
the mostly unexplored seas.
Environmentalists are looking
to the data to counter overfish
ing and pollution that has
depleted the ocean's resources.
Industry hopes it will lead to
more efficient fishing and
shipping, new pharmaceuticals
and industrial compounds.
“We have primarily studied a
few hundred species that are of
commercial importance,” said
Ronald O’Dor, a marine biologist
at Dalhousie University in Canada
and the project’s chief scientist.
“Our goal by 2010 is to
know as much about life in the
oceans as we know about life on
land now,” he said. “No one
would claim that we know
everything about life on land.
There are probably still a few
hundred thousand beetles in
Census of the seas
A huge effort by scientists to document life in the world’s oceans
is under way. The project will be ongoing for 10 years and involves
researchers from all over the globe. Seven zones make up the initial
field research areas.
©
© ©
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.y4['
Tagging
of Pacific
Pelagics
Researchers will
study movements
and behaviors of
large open-ocean
animals.
/"IN Pacific
Ocean
Salmon
Tracking
New tagging
technology will be
used to study the
marine life of
Pacific salmon.
/--v Mid-
'viy Atlantic
Ridge
Ecosystem
Relatively
unexplored deep
ocean that will be
studied to leam
how seamounts
and ridge systems
may influence
ocean circulation.
gX Natural
Geography
In Shore Areas
Vast and shallow
area along the shore
where a relatively
low-tech sampling
system will
encourage local
participation.
/C'v Census of
\zJ Diversity
of Abyssal
Marine Life
Gulf of
vL'' Maine
Project
Dynamic
ecosystem that
has undergone
major changes in
the diversity of its
habitat.
Vast sediment-
covered plains
deep on the ocean
floor will be studied
to determine
historical factors
regulating
biodiversity.
Biogeo
graphy of
Deep-Water
Chemosynthetic
Ecosystems
Underwater
mountain chains so
deep that the suns
light never reaches
the organisms living
there.
SOURCE: Census of Marine Life
tropical forests that haven't been
described. But we'd like to aim
for parity.”
The project grew from scien
tists’ concerns following a 1995
National Academy of Sciences
report that human population
growth was quickly changing
the diversity of life in the
oceans, possibly irreversibly.
So far, about $70 million has
been spent on the census. Its
price tag eventually is expected
to reach $l million, most of ii
from participating govemmenis,
“We know we won’t have
counted every animal,” said J.
Frederick Grassle, director of
Rutgers University’s Instituteof
Marine & Coastal Sciences, tk
chairman of the project’s sciet
title steering committee.
Detroit adult group home
fire kills two, injures 11
NEWS IN BRIEF
Army truck hazards
known before
firefighter death
By Jim Irwin
THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
DETROIT — Fire ripped
through a home for mentally and
physically impaired adults early
Thursday, killing two of the 13
people inside, authorities said.
Eleven people were injured.
The fire appeared to have
started shortly before dawn on
the first floor of the three-story
home, fire officials said.
Sophia Moss, the resident
manager, said she went door-to-
door trying to get everybody
out, but the blaze quickly forced
her outside.
“I was helpless,” said a tear
ful Moss as she stood across
from the home. “I wanted to go
back in but I knew I couldn’t.”
Some residents jumped
about 7 feet from their second-
story windows.
“We told them, ‘Jump,
jump,’ because the fire was so
profuse,” Moss said.
One resident carried a wheel
chair-bound man out the back
door, said Moss, who suffered
minor injuries and was treated at
the scene.
The two people who died
were on the third floor, Detroit
Fire Chief Lee Moore said.
Authorities were investigating
the cause of the blaze, which
blackened the home’s window
frames and melted its vinyl siding.
Broadcast reports said a third
person died at a hospital, but
Moore said fire officials were
aware of only two deaths, and
the hospital couldn’t confirm a
third death.
DelMarie Headd, who
opened the home 10 years ago,
said she was trying to arrange
accommodations for the surviv
ing residents, who were
Medicaid or Social Security dis-
Fire at adult care
facility kills two
Fire broke out at a group home
for mentally and physically
disabled adults
early Thursday,
killing at least two
of the 13 people
inside.
©
Fire appeared to
start on first floor
0 1/2 mi
0 1/2 km
“Ahead of Its
i Class” home
1 ^
n.
©
SOURCES: Associated Press; ESRI AP
ability recipients.
The facility was licensed by
the city and passed a Fire
Department inspection several
months ago, Headd said.
FORT RUCKER, Ala. (AP) -
The Army knew of safety haz
ards with a fire engine used on
many bases but did nothing until
after a firefighter was killed by a
runaway truck, according to a
newspaper report.
The Dothan Eagle said records it
obtained detail a history of prob
lems with the type of Amertek
truck used by fire departments on
many Army bases.
Those documents also say
that a $356 kit was designed to
prevent accidental drive-otfsby
the trucks, but it wasn't
installed at Fort Rucker before
the death of Kerry Neis, 31,
during a training exercise Dec.
4, the newspaper said.
Army investigators cited
human error as a factor in the
death. But after the accident,
the Army had the kit installed in
all 250 of its Amertek 25001
fire trucks, including the 33 at
Fort Rucker, the Army’s avia
tion training center.
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