Golden Key International
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October 7, 2003
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Tuesday, October 7, 2003
THE BATTALIOl
American, Briton win medical
Nobel Prize for work in imaging
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STOCKHOLM, Sweden —
American Paul C. Lauterbur and
Briton Sir Peter Mansfield won
the 2003 Nobel Prize for medi
cine Monday for discoveries
leading to a technique that
reveals images of the body’s
inner organs.
Magnetic resonance imag
ing, or MRI, has become a rou
tine method for medical diagno
sis and treatment. It is used to
examine almost all organs with
out need for surgery, but is espe
cially valuable for detailed
examination of the brain and
spinal cord.
Lauterbur, 74, discovered the
possibility of creating a two-
dimensional picture by produc
ing variations in a magnetic
field. Lauterbur is at the
Biomedical Magnetic
Resonance Laboratory at the
University of Illinois in Urbana.
MRI images have
an enormous impact
on health care in
the developed part of
the world today.
>r
— Dr. Hans Ringertz
Swedish radiological specialist
Mansfield, 70, showed
how the signals the body
emits in response to the mag
netic field could be mathe
matically analysed, which
made it possible to develop a
useful imaging technique.
Mansfield also showed how
extremely fast imaging could
be achievable. This became
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technically possible within
medicine a decade later.
Mansfield is at the University
of Nottingham in Britain.
MRI images “have an enor
mous impact on health care in
the developed part of the world
today,” said Dr. Hans Ringertz,
a Swedish specialist in diagnos
tic radiology.
Worldwide, more than 60
million investigations with MRI
are perfonned each year, the
Nobel Assembly said.
MRI represents “a break
through in medical diagnostics
and research,” the Assembly said.
Essentially, MRI turns
hydrogen atoms in the body’s
tissues into tiny radio transmit
ters. Hydrogen atoms are plenti
ful because they’re found in
water molecules, which are very
widespread in the body.
By tracking where those
atoms are, an MRI machine can
build up a picture of internal
organs. It’s a little like flying
over a city at night, and discern
ing its outlines by noticing
where the lights are.
The prize includes a check
for 10 million kronor, or $1.3
million, and bestows a deeper
sense of academic and medical
integrity upon the winners.
There are no set guidelines
for deciding who wins. Alfred
Nobel, who endowed the
awards that bear his name,
simply said the winner “shall
have made the most important
discovery within the domain
of physiology or medicine.”
The assembly, which selects
the winner, invites nominations
from previous recipients, profes
sors of medicine and other profes
sionals worldwide before whit
tling down its choices in the fall.
Last year’s winners were
Britons Sydney Brenner and
John E. Sulston, and American
H. Robert Horvitz for their dis-
Nobel Prize-winning technology
This year’s Nobel Prize in Medicine went to developers of magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI), a technology which allows doctors to
see what’s going on inside a patient’s body without surgery.
Main magnet surrounds the patient in a
powerful magnetic field, causing hydrogen
atoms in the body to line up.
Transciever emits radio signals whicti
knock hydrogen atoms out of alignment
while measuring the signal released
by their movement. This signal
can be used to determine
specifics about the tissue,
Anti-1
Z magnet
Varies the field
from head to toe
Y magnet
Varies the field from top to bottom
Three smaller magnets
vary the strength of the
field in the precise location
of measurement. MRI
uses the reading from
each location to build a
3D image of the body.
X magnet
Varies the field from left to right
SOURCES: GE Medical Systems: Duke University
Dan DeLorenzo/AP
coveries about how genes regu
late organ growth and a process
of programmed cell suicide.
Their findings shed light on the
development of many illnesses,
including AIDS and strokes.
The award for medicine opens a
week of Nobel Prizes that cul
minates Friday with the presti
gious peace prize, the only one
revealed in Oslo, Norway.
South African writer J.M.
Coetzee was awarded the Nobel
Prize for literature on Thursday.
Nobel, the Swedish industri
alist and inventor of dynamite,
left only vague guidelines in his
will establishing the prizes, first
awarded in 1901.
The five-member awards
committee never reveals the
candidates, but sometimes those
making the nominations
announce their choices.
Nobel watchers say there is
no clearlear favorite for this
year’s Peace Prize, but si
names bandied about incl
Pope John Paul II,
President Luiz Inacio
Silva and Afghan
Hamid Karzai.
A record 165 nominations
were received by the deadline.
Even though the committee
keeps the names secret, those
nominating a candidate often
announce their preference,
Other known or likely nomi
nees include Karzai; Cuban
human rights activist Oswai
Paya Sardinas; Chinese dissi
dent Wei Jingsheng; former
Illinois Gov. George Ryan for
emptying his state’s death ran
of 167 inmates; former Czecli
President Vaclav Havel; I?
singer Bono; and Morded
Vanunu, a nuclear scientist M
captive by Israel for treason-
related charges.
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your copy.
P ICKING UP your 2003
/Igg/e/a/jtf yearbook is easy. If
you ordered a book, look for the
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Please bring your Student ID. If
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2003 Aggieland
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