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The Battalion
Page 3A • Thursday, January 23, 2003
Workout Junkies
Compulsive exercise regimens are not always the healthiest alternative
By Aline McKenzie
KRT CAMPUS
Imagine that you're in a gym. When you arrive, there's a good-
looking woman vigorously working out. When you're done with
your own workout, she’s still there, plugging away.
You might admire her discipline or envy her figure.
But she might have a secret - the exercise is compulsive, part
of an eating disorder that may, literally, be killing her.
Sometimes called "exercise bulimia," compulsive exercise
can happen in women with either bulimia or anorexia. But
because bulimics usually have normal weight, the disorder isn't
as obvious as it would be in a stick-thin anorectic.
In fact, they may even be praised for it.
"When you're sticking your head in the toilet, you don’t get
much kudos from society," says Dr. Jim Harris, a psychologist in
the eating disorder program at Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas.
"When you're exercising, boy, everybody gives you kudos."
One of the cornerstones of the syndrome is the excessive,
punishing nature of the workouts.
"I've had patients who may get up at three in the morning,
work out for three hours, go to work, and then come home and
do another three-hour workout," he says. "Even Olympic athletes
don't train like that."
Eventually, the workouts can interfere with social life, leading
the patient to keep a veil of secrecy.
Some people even belong to more than one health club, so
that the staff can't tell how much they're working out.
"Paradoxically, they say they can spot each other at the gym,"
Harris says. "There's a dead look in the eyes. Exercise should be
fun."
Harris says he had one patient who restricted all fat and meat
from her diet, used laxatives and worked out for four hours a day.
Her heart had a leaky valve, and there was fluid around her heart.
"It was killing her, and she couldn't stop the exercise," he
says. She was an intelligent woman, but the compulsion was too
strong, he says.
Dr. Urszula Kelley, clinical director of Presbyterian Hospital's
eating disorders program, says victims can become very creative
in hiding their exercise.
"We've had some people who set the alarm for 1:30 a.m.,
sneak out of the house when everyone is asleep, run for 15 miles,
then sneak back in, shower, put their nightclothes on and go back
to bed," she says.
Others exercise in the bathroom with the shower running, so
the noise of the water will hide what they're doing.
About 4.5 percent of adolescent and young women have
bulimia, Harris says. "It's really epidemic proportions.
"They've overused everything, even their heart, beyond all
reason," Harris says.
Bulimia usually involves a variety of symptoms _ eating
excessive amounts of food in a binge, then getting rid of the
calories by vomiting, misuse of laxatives, excessive exercise or
other methods.
Like an alcoholic, a bulimic can literally be addicted to the
behaviors, Harris says.
"These are often bright young women," he says. "They know
what the cardiologist has told them, and they believe her, but
they just can't stop it. ... You may hate yourself for it, but you
just can't stop."
There's some evidence that serotonin, a brain chemical that's
involved in addiction and depression, may play a role in bulim
ia, he says.
Treatment usually involves a combination of psychotherapy,
family therapy, nutritional treatment and antidepressants.
"It's a gradual process, but it’s possible," Kelley says.
During therapy, patients generally learn how to identify their
feelings and learn new behaviors to cope with them, says Dr.
Stephanie Setliff, medical director of the intensive outpatient
program for eating disorders at Children's Medical Center of
Dallas.
For instance, when a teenage girl with bulimia has a fight with
her mother, her impulse may be to go on a 5,000- to 10,000-calo
rie binge, followed by a purge.
Instead, through therapy, she can learn to identify that she's
feeling upset and angry, and learn new behaviors _ finding some
one to talk to, for instance.
"It's real directed," Setliff says of the therapy. "It’s not some
one sitting around pondering the meaning of life or their child
hood."
There can also be family therapy, because very often there are
stresses in the family that aren't being talked about. There may
be another child with an illness, or marital stress between the
parents, for instance.
Dr. Nicole Caldwell, a pediatric psychologist at Children's,
says she saw one family that had such bad communication that
"no one really talked about what was going on with each other.
It was 'Hi, how was your day?’ 'Fine. 1 Even when something bad
happened, no one would talk about it, even though they all knew
about it. It’s not going to go away just because you decide not to
NEWS IN BRIEF
Douglas Jones • KRT CAMPUS
discuss it."
The most important change in the family is to talk about feel
ings, Caldwell says, and not have the parents be the ones to keep
track of how much the child is eating or exercising.
"We’re the professionals, so if the patient gets mad at us, that's
OK," she says. "But we don't want this antagonistic power strug
gle going on about the eating disorder."
Y
Opponents of golf club's
membership policy claim victory
AUGUSTA, Ga. (AP) — Opponents of Augusta
National Golf Club's all-male membership
claimed victory after city officials failed to
approve a proposal that would have made it
more difficult for them to picket the club during
the Masters tournament.
County officials split 5-5 Tuesday on a plan
that would have required demonstrators to give
at least 30 days notice of their plans to picket.
The five commissioners who opposed the
ordinance are black. The five who supported it
are white.
Mayor Bob Young, who could have broken the
tie, was in Washington for a national mayor's
conference. He said he didn't know how he
would have voted.
"I'm grateful that at least half of the (commis
sion) recognizes the ordinance for what it is: an
attempt to stifle free speech and put off social
change," said Martha Burk, chair of the National
Council of Women's Organizations.
The proposal could be reconsidered next
month.
If it isn't approved before the tournament in
April, the National Council of Women's
Organizations and the Rev. Jesse Jackson's
Rainbow/PUSH Coalition will be able to wait
until just before the tournament to apply for a
permit to protest the club's all-male member
ship.
Existing law requires protesters to secure a
permit from the Richmond County sheriff before
picketing on public property.
Police find no evidence that
skiers triggered avalanche
CALGARY, Alberta (AP) - Police said
Wednesday that they found no evidence that
skiers triggered an avalanche earlier this week
that killed seven people, including four
Americans.
"There's nothing for us to believe that it's any
thing other than just an accident," Sgt. Randy
Brown of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police
said at a news conference.
The snow slide Monday near Durrand Glacier
in the Selkirk Range of eastern British Columbia
hit some members of a group of 21, suffocating
seven of them in up to 15 feet of concrete-like
snow.
The adventurers had divided into two groups,
and one was above where part of the avalanche
began.
A survivor described hearing a loud crack, fol
lowed by a 100-foot-wide wall of snow.
A year after Daniel Pearl's
abduction, questions remain
KARACHI, Pakistan (AP) — Scraps of refuse mix
with chalky dust on the desolate dirt path
where Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl
spent the last tortured days of his life. It was in
a concrete shed here that the killers videotaped
his gruesome murder.
Investigators in the case have uncovered a
web of extremism, with operatives from several
Pakistani groups and possibly Osama bin
Laden's al-Qaida network in on the plot. That
mix is bad news for Pakistan, which has
endured a series of attacks since its president
threw his support behind the U.S.-led war on
terrorism.
A year after the 38-year-old South Asia bureau
chief was snatched off the streets of this pulsing
seaside city on Jan. 23, 2002, mysteries still
abound.
Even though four men have been convicted in
the case, authorities are reluctant to discuss the
murder. Suspects disappear or are found dead.
Crucial dates are confused. Confessions are
offered and then recanted.
There is agreement on one point: Nobody
who physically carried out the killing has been
convicted. None of the four men sentenced is
even believed to have ever been at the shed
where Pearl was held.
"
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