The Battalion. (College Station, Tex.) 1893-current, February 10, 2000, Image 8

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ANTH 201.501
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BIOL 113.503
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CHEM 227.502,504-505
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LING 209.500
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Acct 209
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Part II
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Acct 229
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Mon Feb 14 [
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NATION
Page 8
THE BATTALION
Thursday, Februan
Disabled students increase enrollmeii
at large national universities, college
WASHINGTON (AP) — Students
with learning disabilities are attending
college in unprecedented numbers, a
trend that both dispels the notion that
they could not advance beyond high
school special education classes and
calls into question the num-
her of children being la
beled with a handicap.
“I don’t think anybody
expected me to go to col
lege. They probably
thought I would be flip
ping burgers,” said Jed Is
rael Pittleman, a New York
University junior who has
attention deficit disorder.
Among the 1.6 million
first-time, full-time fresh
men enrolled at 3,100 insti
tutions of higher education
said Beth Robinson of the College
Board, which administers the SAT.
In the 1970s, Congress passed laws
prohibiting discrimination against the
disabled and mandating extra education
al help for those who need it.
"J don't think anybody
expected me to go to col
lege. They probably
thought I would be flip
ping burgers. ”
— jed Israel Pittleman
NYU junior
in the United States in 1998 — the most
recent figures available — some
154,520, or 9.4 percent, had some kind
of disability, says a new study by the
American Council on Education. In
1978, by contrast, less than three percent
of freshmen reported having a disability.
Of those reporting a disability two
years ago, 41 percent identified their im
pediment as a learning disability. Ten
years earlier, the blind or partially sight
ed represented the largest category and
the percentage of learning disabled was
just 15 percent.
Colleges are “recognizing that these
students have unrealized potential, and
many students who years ago would
never have contemplated college are,”
Natalie Phelps, 20, a senior psychol
ogy major at Bates College in Lewiston,
Maine, had a stroke at age six, but with
speech therapy and books on tape, she
expects to attend graduate school.
“I’m not shy at all about saying what
I need, whether it’s note-takers, or read
ers for exams, or untimed tests,” she said.
Advocates for the learning disabled
say such accommodations should be ac
cepted just like wheelchair ramps,
braille and sign language translators.
“Certainly there are very severe cas
es within the LD category, but when we
look at the broad range, there are con
cerns that special ed and LD has become
a catchall for anybody who has a learn
ing problem,” said Thomas B. Parrish,
director of the Center for Special Edu
cation Finance at the American Insti
tutes for Research in Palo Alto, Calif.
In fact, in the 1990s, Boston Uni
versity administrators raised questions
about the growing learning disabled
population. Then, in 1997, a federal
judge ordered the school to pay six stu
dents $30,000 for treating them as
“lazy” learners.
Advocates say the nationwide in
creases in the number of college stu
dents with learning disabilities is easi
ly explained:
— Doctors, more aware of learning
disabilities, are diagnosing more chil
dren with conditions such as attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder and arc
prescribing medications to help.
— Because of the Rehabilitation
Act, the Individuals with Disabilities
Education Act and the Americans with
Disabilities Act, more parents and stu
dents are seeking and getting accom
modations including extra classes and
tutors they are legally entitled to in el
ementary, middle and high school.
Study author Cathy Henderson also
notes that the median income of parents
of college freshmen w ith a learning dis
ability is slightly higher than those w ith-
out a disability. That’s significant be
cause, among students with a handicap,
those with learning disabilities are the
least likely to be offered financial assis
tance as an incentive to enroll in col
leges, started welcoming the learning
disabled by offering special programs
and services such as tutorinu, she said.
Disabled collegians
Of the college freshmen whore
having a disability, the percent
have a learning disability has
increased significantly. Here is
at selected years.
35.3%
'88 '91 '94 '96
Parents of disabled students ha
median income of $56,961, coot
with $53,033 for parents whose
children do not have learning
disabilities. Here is the estimate
parental income of college fresh
in 1998.
Freshmen without learning
| Freshmen with learning disat
Less than $20,000
~ 12%
11%
rsday, Febi
Tigei
Tiger Wc
the most
winning
the Pebt
Most cc
All-tirr
Year
1945
1999-(
1948
$50,000-$74.999
26%
28°
Pharmacists’ errors blamed on heavy workloa
DAYTONA BEACH, Fla. (AP) — Pharmacist
Randy Kautz asked Walgreens for help at least four
times.
He warned that the drug counter's busy pace
might lead to errors. On June 15, 1994, he no longer
had to make the point. That day one of his regular
customers, Nathan Johnson, sank into a coma from
which he never emerged.
“Oh my God,” Ruth Johnson remembers Kautz
saying as he reexamined the prescription bottle that
she brought back to the store. “I’ve given the wrong
medication.”
A pharmacist’s task is now filled with more speed
and more stress than ever before — and, studies sug
gest, less satisfaction. Pharmacists blame their work
load, growing along with their worries. When that
workload affects accuracy, the phannacist’s worries be
come the patient’s.
The National Pharmacists Association, a trade
group based in Darien, III., recommends that, for safe
ty’s sake, a pharmacist fill no more than 15 prescrip
tions an hour. Elizabeth Allan Flynn, a researcher at
Auburn University School of Pharmacy in Alabama,
says studies by her and others suggest that the rate of
pharmacists’ errors increases after they fill more than
24 prescriptions an hour.
Whatever the number, pharmacists complain they
routinely have to exceed it.
Druggist J.F. Burnham warned Walgreens managers
in 1991 that the frantic pace at his store in Arlington
Heights, Ill., “enhances the chances for error.” Two
phannacists working separate shifts were filling up to
400 prescriptions a day — or nearly 29 an hour.
“It’s not unusual for me to talk to pharmacists who
are filling 300 prescriptions a day,” says Thomas J.
Moore, a health policy analyst at the George Wash
ington University Medical Center in Washington, D.C.
“The job of the pharmacist is becoming nearly un
tenable. Management is putting on pressure to in
crease output and reduce waiting time. And it’s going
to get worse.”
That stress has driven druggists like John Magaud-
da from their jobs.
over one year at the ch
veryb
nal R\
wouni
Bing gum!
■ongside a t
Bst and his
■i the other
welled to ti
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■arched off
Htil you set
' ihgon.”
V What fol
Hie clubhou!
|juolf junkit
bods’ swii
lining con:
ower — th
ith shots n
He gave
“The job of the pharma
cist is becoming unten
able. ... And it's going to
get worse.”
— Thomas J. Moore
health policy analyst
for George Washington University Medical
“I’d see a bottle of thyroid medication on the
counter and I’d say, ‘Why is this out here? I didn't fill
a thyroid prescription today,”’ said Magaudda, who quit
his job at a Rite Aid in Santee, Calif., in 1997 after 36
years. “If things went on, it was going to get worse, and
1 was going to make a mistake. A bad mistake.”
In a letter of warning to the California State Board
of Pharmacy, Magaudda wrote that more pressure on
pharmacists would inevitably lead to more errors.
Several of the 50 state boards of pharmacy that over
see the industry have begun to take complaints like Ma-
gaudda’s seriously. Some have linked understaffing to
patterns of mistakes by the high-volume chains that
now dominate the industry.
In Oklahoma, Eckerd reached a settlement with reg
ulators in 1998 after the state board of pharmacy found
Finding The Balance
8th Annual Women in Science and Engineering
Professional & Career Development Conference
When: 19 February 2000
Where: Memorial Student Center
Time: 8:30-4:30
Keynote Speaker:
Dr. Karan Watson
Speakers:
For More Information
Nancy Magnussen
845-7363
nancy@science.tamu.edu
DEADLINE: 17 February!
Glenda Humiston, Undersecretary USDA
Kathryn Kaiser, DynaMedix Corporation
Geraldine Richmond, University of Oregon
Helene Dillard, Cornell University
Nancy Algert, The Center for Counseling & Conflict Resolution
Carol Dudley, Dow Chemical
Topics:
Looking Backivards in Time
Balance: Do We Ever Really Have It?
Finding the Balance in an Ever Changing Workplace
Striving For a Healthy Equilibrium
Many Parts Can Reach A Goal
Everything I Learned About Being A Woman In Science
Working Strategically — Multitasking in a Chaotic Environment
Supported by: College of Science, Veterinary Medicine, Engineering, i
Agriculture & Life Sciences, and Geosciences, Office of the Vice President i
for Research and Associate Provost for Graduate Studies
m MAES
Texas A&M University
Society of Mexican American
Engineers and Scientists
Sudent Chapter
©1SMH1RAIL MUmniM©
February 10th Rich 114 6:45 p.m.
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23 prescription errors
lahotna stores.
In one of those instances, pharmacist Shirlejf
worked 67 hours over seven days before making
take that she attributed to understaffed, ovew
employees.” The state board said Eckerddidn icj
enough pharmacists "to safeh till prescnpiiiwmje f ace on
concluded, “ Hie harm to the public is irmendi i “knockdov
Eckerd admitted no fault. "No mapjYtym , i\<tci-short-imti s
was found,” the company said in a.v.iaC'Offldk-ind. Wood
and the settlement with regulators “didwhAtef
changes in stalling." |
In Washington state, the state phai
board reached an agreement with Rite Aidli
after regulators fielded 134 complaints ofdisps
errors over three years at various locations.Is-
agreed to pay $50,000 in fines. It also agreei.
view its staffing policies, but made no pro©
change them.
Rite Aid made a similar deal with Oregon^
tors in March, agreeing to pay $60,000 to res
pharmacy hoard investigation. The state allegedffl
chain had shown poor supervision and violated!
laws requiring pharmacists to counsel patientsa
to take their drugs.
Rite Aid spokeswoman Jody Cook said die:
pany has since taken action. In Washington state
Aid put every company pharmacist through-
vamped training program, installed automated
pensing machines at its busiest stores, and reduce:
number of complaints last year from 95 inFebr-
to six in December.
In Oregon, the company appointed a ne«
gional vice president to coordinate withreguls ;
It also increased staffing, automated somedisf ;
ing and reduced complaints from 22 inJanu£
one in December.
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