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k
MSC POLITICAL FORUM
POLITICAL
AWARENESS
DAY
TALK TO REPRESENTATIVES FROM
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FIELDS OF BUSINESS, RELIGION,
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MEMORIAL STUDENT CENTER
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The Battalion
WORLD & NATION 1!
Tuesday, March 6,1990 |
Pro-reform candidates, Yeltsin fill
Soviet party spots after elections
MOSCOW (AP) — Candidates who want fas
ter reform won elections across the nation’s
Slavic heartland, and Boris N. Yeltsin easily
gained a legislative seat in the Russian republic,
unofficial returns indicated Monday.
Yeltsin has said he will seek the presidency of
the republic, which traditionally means a place
on the Communist Party’s ruling Politburo. That
could return the Communist maverick to the
membership he lost in February 1988 for advo
cating speedier change.
Leaders of popular movements in the Ukraine
and Byelorussia, an outspoken television com
mentator in Leningrad and a defiant editor in
Moscow also appeared to have won in Sunday’s
local and republic elections.
“We’re so happy! Such success!” said Irina
Rozhenko of the Ukrainian pro-democracy
movement Narodny Rukh.
Byelorussia, the Ukraine and the vast Russian
republic account for 80 percent of the Soviet
Union and more than two-thirds of its 290 mil
lion people.
Most of the 1,800 contests for seats in the legis
latures of the three republics remained unde
cided, with no candidate getting the required ma
jority. State TV said fewer than 15 percent were
resolved in the Russian republic.
Activists said strong showings in this round
nearly guaranteed victories in runoff elections
for candidates who want to step up the pace of
reforms begun by President Mikhail S. Gorba
chev. The runoffs are expected in two weeks.
Defeat of old guard local Communist leaders
probably would help Gorbachev’s liberalization.
He has railed against functionaries who hamper
reform, and people hoping to exercise new eco
nomic freedoms have told of crippling obstacles
erected by local party officials.
Ukraine party chief Vladimir A. Ivashko, con
sidered a moderate protege of Gorbachev, qual
ified for a runoff against an opponent backed by
the Narodny Rukh pro-democracy group. Vitaly
I. Vorotnikov, president of the Russian republic,
defeated a lone opponent in the city of Krasno
dar, winning 71.3 percent of the votes cast.
Preliminary figures showed Yeltsin, who It
said he will challenge Vorotnikov for therepufe
presidency, got 72 percent of the vote inhisi
trict of Sverdlovsk in the Ural Mountains. Hei
feated 1 1 other candidates, said Anatoly Ik
seyev of the Russian Federation Electu
Commission.
Narodny Rukh members said the movemen;
leader, poet Ivan Drach, was elected in theft
round along with several other prominentacti
ists.
Zyanon Paznyak, leader of the Byelorussii
People’s Front, got 59 percent of the vote ink
Minsk district, said spokesman Victor Ivashk
vich. He said activist candidates appeared tohn
carried cities but party “apparatchiks,’’indudii
Byelorussian party chief Yefrem Sokolov, w
rural districts.
In Leningrad, Bella Kurkova, controvert
commentator of the television program “Fifil
Wheel,” appeared to be the only first-round wit
ner, said IMA Press, an official youth ne*!
agency.
Jurors chosen
for trial of
Poindexter
WASHINGTON (AP) —
Twenty-one people, including a
lawyer who worked for the Bush
presidential campaign, were cho
sen prospective jurors Monday as
the selection process began for
the Iran-Contra trial of former
National Security Adviser John
Poindexter.
Poindexter is charged with five
felony counts — one of conspir
acy, two of obstructing Congress
and two of making false
statements to congressional com
mittees — in connection with ac
cusations that he covered up Oli
ver North’s secret Contra
resupply network and lied about
a 1985 shipment of Hawk missiles
to Iran.
He is the highest-ranking Rea
gan administration official to go
on trial in the Iran-Contra affair.
U.S. District Judge Harold
Greene disqualified one woman
who expressed uncertainty when
asked whether she could be fair
and impartial. The judge also dis
qualified an equipment operator
who said that “when the whole
thing was going down” following
public disclosure of the Iran-Con
tra affair “all you heard was
North and Poindexter.” Seven
teen of the first 21 in the pool
were women.
Two hundred six people have
filled out questionnaires to be
possible jurors for the trial, and
76 of them have said they had
heard, watched or read portions
of congressional testimony Poin
dexter gave in 1987 under a
grant of immunity from prosecu
tion based on what he said.
The judge approved for the
jury pool a real estate lawyer who
worked in President Bush’s cam
paign. Bush was President Rea
gan’s vice president at the time.
The woman also said one of
Poindexter’s defense lawyers, Jo
seph Small, had babysat for her
when she was a child.
Iran-Contra prosecutor Dan
Webb questioned whether she
should be in the jury pool since
she knew one of the defense law
yers.
‘Complete chaos’
South African troops advance
to quell mass looting, arson
JOHANNESBURG, South Africa (AP) —The South
African government sent troops into the black home
land of Ciskei on Monday to quell widespread looting
and arson following a military coup that ousted the ter
ritory’s authoritarian president.
Brig. Gen. Oupa Cqozo of the Ciskei army, who
seized power Sunday, told cheering supporters the Af
rican National Congress and other anti-apartheid
groups would be allowed to operate freely under his
new government.
South African Foreign Minister Pik Botha said his
government intervened at the request of Cqozo, who
led the bloodless coup in the nominally independent
homeland on the Indian Ocean coast.
More than 50 factories, many owned by Israelis and
Taiwanese, were set afire in a second day of rioting and
looting in several parts of Ciskei, witnesses said. Two
hotels and dozens of vehicles also were burned, they
said.
There were no deaths reported in Sunday’s coup, but
doctors at Cecilia Makilwane Hospital said three people
were fatally stabbed and dozens more injured in the
•subsequent rioting.
“All the shops and factories were burning,” said an
employee at a local hotel. “Everybody was looting and
there was complete chaos.”
Rioters, many of them drunk, broke into shops,ft
moved goods, and then set buildings ablaze witn fin
bombs, the witnesses said. Looters used wheelbarro-
to haul away stoves, refrigerators and other items,6ll
cials said.
Witnesses said the looting spread Monday evening a
the black and mixed-race townships outside theSouiii
African port city of East London, about 40 miles fra
Ciskei’s capital of Bisho.
Botha said Monday his government would noF'en
tertain any request” to intervene in the homeland,bit
the troops were sent in shortly afterward when the loot
ing began again.
Cqozo received a rousing cheer Monday when ht
told thousands of people at a stadium in Bisho that tht
African National Congress and other anti-apartheid
groups would be free to engage in political activity in
Ciskei.
The ANC is the main black group fighting South Af
rica’s white-run government. South African Presidem
F.W. de Klerk legalized the ANC last month, but some
homeland leaders still don’t allow the group to operaft
in the territories they control.
Kohl: No border guarantee
BONN, West Germany (AP) —
Chancellor Helmut Kohl on Monday
defended his demand that a guax-
antee of Poland’s border be linked to
Warsaw’s renunciation of war repa
rations, saying Poland has been de
manding compensation for\ forced
laborers used in the T hird Reich.
In East Berlin, meanwhile, Com
munists and opposition parties
agreed to submit a brdad social char
ter to lawmakers in both Germanys
designed to protect East Germans
against social hardships once the
countries merge under a capitalist
system.
The chaxter, adopted at weekly
negotiations between the Commu
nists and 15 opposition groups, de
mands that the right to work and the
right to accommodation be en
shrined in the constitution of a
united Germany.
It also calls for guai antees of dem
ocratic and humane working condi
tions, education and health sex vices
for all, protection of pensions, equal
ity of the sexes, and social integra
tion for the disabled.
Kohl’s refusal to give Poland
guarantees about its border has led
to a widening split with Foreign Min
ister Hans-Dietrich Genscher, and
“T
I his (a unified
Germany) is not only
concerns Poland’s trust,
but that of all Europeans.”
— Hans-Dietrich
Genscher, W. German
foreign minister
the two met privately Monday to dis
cuss the issue.
Genscher has been saying that
West Germany must make clear to
its neighbox s that a unified Germany
would not be a threat.
“This not only concerns Poland’!I
trust, but that of all Europeans,"li
told the ZDF television network.
Kohl has said he has no designsoil
land ceded to Poland after the Thir
Reich’s defeat — about a thirdol[
modern-day Poland.
Kohl faces West German election
in December and is apparently con
cerned about losing the conservadif
vote.
Polish Priixie Minister Tadeusi
Mazowiecki has called on both Go
manys to begin negotiations oni
treaty that would recognize the Odei
and Neisse rivers, which currentl)
form the border, as the permanent |
boundary between Poland andGer
many.
On Friday, Kohl said such a treat'
would have to be tied to Poland’s
1953 renunciation of war repa
rations and of its pledge last year io
protect the ethnic rights of its Ger
man minority.
National, international organizations
line up to cash in on 4 peace dividend’
WASHINGTON (AP) — In the past week or
so, claims against the peace dividend have been
posted by the nation’s governors, advocates of
U.S. aid to the emerging democracies of eastern
Europe and Central America, and 79 U.S. sen
ators.
They’ll have to get into line with all the others
looking to cash in on defense spending cuts to fi
nance other aims — or to cut taxes.
“One of my colleagues ... sent me a note saying
he felt that half of the peace dividend should be
applied to education,” said Speaker of the House
Thomas S. Foley. “And half of it to health. And
half of it to deficit reduction. And half of it to tax
reduction. And half of it to the infrastructure.
“ And half of it to creating a new mathematics
to explain how six halves equal one whole.”
It’s a hartnless political pastime right now, be
cause there isn’t any peace dividend to pay for
other things or cut the deficit this year.
“The peace dividend is peace,” says Vice Presi
dent Dan Quayle.
But nobody doubts that the defense budget is
going to be cut, freeing resources to go else-
where, unless there is an incredible reversal of
the already incredible change that has swept
eastward to Moscow, easing if not ending the
Cold War.
The Pentagon warns that reversal could hap
pen, but CIA Director William H. Webster told
Congress last week that it is unlikely, even- if
hardliners were to take over in Moscow.
The administration isn’t forecasting a budget
bonus now or soon, resisting pressure in Con
gress to carve one out of defense spending.
There axe certain to be cuts in the administra-
“I
I do not believe it is too dramatic
to say that the No. 1 issue of the
1990s, if things continue to move in
the current direction in eastern
Europe and the Soviet Union, will be
what to do with the peace dividend.”
— Phil Gramm,
U.S. Senator
tion’s $296 billion defense budget, an increase in
dollars although not enough to match inflation.
But Democrat Foley said that in the early
phases, it will be difficult to wring major savings
out of defense cuts that close bases, recall troops
from abroad or cancel weapons contracts.
“The immediate impact is sometimes to in
crease costs in the short term,” he said. “But
there’s no question ... we’xe talking about ver)
significant savings to be realized.” Foley said he
thinks the eventual savings should be split, half to
reduce the federal deficit, half to “the social defi
cit” of financially strapped domestic pr ograms.
Sen. Phil Gramm, R-Tex., raised the issue in
the Senate last week with an amendment suggest
ing that any peace dividend be used to cut taxes
He said the only discussion had been about ways
to spend the money, when the government
shouldn’t spend it at all but should give it back to
taxpayers.
“I do not believe it is too dramatic to say that
the No. 1 issue of the 1990s, if things continue to
move in the current direction in eastern Europe
and the Soviet Union, will be what to do withtne
peace dividend,” Gramm said.
Before the Senate got to its hypothetical legis
lation, the National Governox s Conference had
adopted a resolution urging President Bush “to
dedicate the peace dividend in a balanced man
ner between tne federal budget deficit, education
and other productivity investments.”
There were no numbers attached.
Nor were there any dividend estimates when
congressional advocates of aid for the newl)
elected government of Nicaragua and the fledg
ling democracies of eastern Euxope put in their
bids, saying defense savings should finance eco
nomic assistance.
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