he Battalion
TATE & LOCAL 13
Monday, February 12,1990
‘'head t
“High as
11 road» ;
Marks si
)r the Fr (
J b e read!
lh ey wills,
guarantee I
rofessor says U.S. policies
n foreign aid no longer valid
nterberger concludes SCONA conference
lZ~ 6» JULIE MYERS
(The Battalion Staff
mg to go
Jst hope fc! |
i( ‘ bounce
Current United States foreign aid
licy that was shaped during the
Id war has outlived its usefulness,
_id a Texas A&M specialist in
he Baylor 1 Lmerican foreign relations,
been savjB History professor Dr. Betty Un-
ferberger, who has written extensi-
'gh enough
'go, you b.
aid. “The
jely on American-Soviet relations as
ell as Soviet foreign policy, dis-
[ussed “The Future of Foreign Aid”
aturday at the closing address of
neMSC Student Conference on Na-
mal Affairs XXXV.
The worldwide debt crisis under
lines the economic strength and
ability of both developing and in-
ustrialized nations, Unterberger
aid.
Payment on the $1.3 trillion third
arid debt drains off the investment
apital needed to expand. Major
ian defaults to Western banks (es-
lonalwinta ecially American) could bring ruin
ian already shaky system, she said.
Additionally, Unterberger said
vents in Eastern Europe have led
te West to consider major loan
believing, ackages for this region which
ould divert capital away from the
bird World.
I The United States’ own debt
I ■roblems have given other nations
* ^ieopportunity to participate in for-
ign aid programs.
The Export-Import Bank of Ja-
an, which provides low-interest
W l v
>e Hogs
ar.
bed that(Jy
u y e woiiedi
said. “Be
■port card
‘ he finalsj
:aa;
ihe b
r - Iba said
he begini
Arkansai
No. 3,1
ig withik
rdom. Qai
?s for;
witHOklal :,ans 10 ‘ ieav “y indebted Third
Vorld states, recently contemplated
Dans to the states of Arkansas, Loui-
iana and Mississippi, Unterberger
aid.
Other concerns expressed by Un-
srberger include:
e of Yales
anther Prt
rned the 1
ith Texas
ately.
last fall sc
ling yards,
aids asik
layer and
1 the Fi
Experiment
on welfare
sparks protests
iy
DALLAS (AP) — Thousands
of poor people in Texas and four
other states are unwitting subjects
in a federal experiment that den-
lies some aid to a portion of them
■to see how well they live without
it, a newspaper said Sunday.
Extra Medicaid and child-care
benefits now go to about 8,000
people in five regions of Texas,
while about 800 people — se
lected at random by birth ciate —
are excluded. On April 1, those
extra benefits will be available to
more than 50,000 people
statewide — but not to the 800
unlucky Texans who face two
more years without the help, the
Dallas Morning News reported
I Sunday.
The point of the federal study:
to see how well the new expanded
programs wean people off the
| welfare rolls.
The Texas pilot program tar
gets welfare recipients who find
jobs or job training. Tradition
ally, such recipients have received
four months of free medical care,
plus some child care, after they
leave the welfare Tolls. The ex
perimental program extended
the benefits to one year of Medi
caid coverage and subsidized
child care — to all but the 800.
The theory is that the ex
tended benefits will encourage
people to take and stay with en
try-level jobs that are unlikely to
offer medical insurance or child
care immediately. And the tax
money saved by getting those
people off welf are will more than
balance the cost of the new pro
gram.
Similar experiments are being
conducted in Ohio, Washington
state, New York and Wisconsin,
federal of ficials said last week.
Federal officials say this kind
of experiment — denying bene
fits to small, so-called control
groups — is vital to determine
whether new programs work. But
it has drawn critics.
“People ought not to be treated
like things, even if what you get is
good information,” said Philip
Broyle, associate director for
medical ethics of the Hastings
Center, a New York-based think
tank concerned with the ethics of
experiments on people.
Broyle said this kind of study
violates the kinds of f ederal stan
dards that medical experiments
must meet. Those standards in
clude informed consent — that
anyone in an experiment must be
aware of it and of all its conse
quences. And they must have the
option to refuse participation.
Neither informed consent nor
the right of refusal was offered to
participants in the welfare study,
officials said.
Photo by Eric H. Roalson
Dr. Betty Unterberger
• The effects of global warming
on populations too poor to protect
themselves.
• The effects of the worldwide
AIDS epidemic on the most produc
tive segment of Third World states
— the young.
• The effects of increased mili
tary spending by countries too poor
to feed, shelter and clothe their own
people. Since 1945, 120 armed con
flicts in the Third World have killed
20 million people.
o The effects of the world’s over
population. By 2000, the World
Bank estimates the world population
will be 6.2 billion.
“Given the debt crisis, environ
mental degradation, the AIDS epi
demic, third world militarization
and shrinking agricultural produc
tion, such population growth is sim
ply not compatible with social pro
gress,” Unterberger said.
To overcome these problems, Un
terberger said the United States
must:
• Change its perceptions of de
velopment, developing nations and
national security.
• Infuse capital into the devel
oping states.
• Slow global warming through a
major reforestation program.
• Reduce its own military spend
ing and foreign military sales.
• Act as mediator when proper
conditions for American arbitration
exist.
• Promote education, blood
screening and behavior changes to
slow the AIDS epidemic.
• Develop new grain types, ex
pand the cropland base through re
forestation, increase irrigation and
fertilizer use and switch from beef to
poultry consumption and produc
tion.
• Ensure food security by helping
to stabilize the population.
“It must be realized that the pre
sent situation is the result of values,
choices and patterns of behavior,”
Unterberger said, “and that atti
tudes can be changed and choices
can be made in order to arrest and
reverse the current crisis and create
a freer, more progressive and abun
dant world order.”
A&M extended program
offers educational choice
for tommorow ’ s teachers
By STACY E. ALLEN
Of The Battalion Staff
Texas A&M administrators are
confident tomorrow’s teachers are
knowledgeable in their subject con
centration, but aren’t sure if tomor
row’s instructors w’ill know enough
about how to teach.
Senate Bill 994, passed by the
Texas Legislature in 1987, stopped
teachers from graduating with edu
cation degrees.
A complaint that prompted the
bill was that education majors had
too many classes about how to teach
and not enough concentration in a
specific discipline. But the tide has
turned so that administrators think
teachers are not getting enough tea
ching instruction.
Bryan R. Cole, associate dean of
the College of Education at A&M,
said the bill was passed in response
to the legislators’ belief that as long
as students are prepared in their dis
ciplines, they are good teachers.
“All the emphasis is now on the
discipline without the needed em
phasis on the courses that prepare
students to be effective teachers,”
Cole said.
In the past, students could receive
a degree in elementary or secondary
education, with a specialization in
one discipline.
With the passage of Senate Bill
994, Cole said students training to be
secondary teachers who graduate af
ter Sept. 1, 1991, must get a degree
in an academic discipline other than
education. Elementary education
majors must get a degree in interdis
ciplinary education.
Cole said the problem with the bill
is its limitation of education classes
to 18 hours. '
“It is absolutely essential that tea
chers be well prepared in their disci
pline, but just because someone
knows what they should about math
does not necessarily make them a
good math teacher,” Cole said.
“They must also understand how to
translate the information effeedve-
•y”
Cole said that A&M always has re
quired students who wish to be certi
fied to student teach for a full semes
ter. For this, they would receive 12
credit hours. If A&M abides by Sen
ate Bill 994, Cole said, that will no
longer be possible in the baccalau
reate program.
“If A&M maintained the 12-hour
student teaching program, that
would only leave six hours of re
quired education classes for students
to take,” Cole said. “Under the new
baccalaureate program, we can only
require students to student teach
half the semester.”
Cole said a good balance between
education classes and courses in a
student’s discipline is needed for a
student to be an effective teacher.
He said research has shown that the
main reason beginning teachers quit
teaching is because of problems with
classroom management, not because
they are unprepared in their disci
pline.
Catherine Weston, a senior En
glish major seeking her secondary
teacher certification, said that al
though she will not be affected by
the new program, she feels cutting
the number of required education
classes in half is not necessarily going
to make better teachers.
“I think prospective teachers need
more education classes than the bill
allows because teachers need to
know how to translate the knowl
edge they have to the kids in a way
they can understand,” Weston said.
“T
I hose students in the
extended program... will
be the strongest teachers
in the state.”
— Bryan R. Cole,
associate dean,
College of Education
“Right now, I feel I know enough
about English to walk into the class
room and start teaching, but I’m not
sure that I know enough about pre
senting the material to the students
in a way they can benefit most.”
Cole said A&M has worked with
legislative staffers since the bill was
passed to initiate an extended pro
gram based on a national movement.
This movement couples a strong un
dergraduate program in an aca
demic discipline with 24 hours of a
graduate, professional educational
component that deals with classroom
management and curriculum.
A&M is the only university in the
state with an extended program.
“We now have in place both bacca
laureate and extended programs,”
Cole said. “The extended program is
recommended for those students
who see themselves as career profes
sional teachers.”
Cole said the extended program is
structured in such a way that stu
dents don’t have to complete their
master’s degrees to get the extended
program certification, but the grad
uate level hours count toward a mas
ter’s. The student decides whether
to complete a master’s at a later date.
About 60 percent of the prospec
tive elementary school teachers at
A&M are choosing the extended
program, while about 10 percent of
the secondary teachers are. Cole
said.
“In the baccalaureate program, al
though we feel we give them as
much preparation as possible in the
length of time they are here, we are
not given by the legislature the life
space to deal with them in terms of
the education component that they
need,” Cole said. “Those students in
the extended program, however,
will be the strongest teachers in the
state.”
THE
ANDSTONE
CENTER
r'n# fitfocf
(409)690-3
■mm 1
OR 1-8
Eating Disorders?
Depression? Stress? Anxiety?
Relationship Problems?
Drug or Alcohol Problem?
Free
Confidential Consultation
24 Hours Every Day
Counselor on Campus, Thursday-Saturday, 9:00 p.m.- Midnight
4201 Texas Avenue South, College Station, Texas 77845
CONNECT WITH
THE FUTURE
Now you're ready to take a big leap toward success. And in
formation management can get you tnere. So connect with Northern
Telecom.
We're one of the world's largest suppliers of fully digital tele
communications c terns. And we have careers for new graduates
with majors in Computer Science and Electrical Engineer
ing, Besides competitive salaries, we offer superb benefits and
great locations.
Let's talk about your future. A representative will be on your
campus Friday, February 23. Contact us when we visityour cam
pus, or consult your college placement office. We are an equal
opportunity employer m/f/h/v.
The partners and professional staff of KPMG
Peat Marwick are pleased to announce the fol
lowing graduates of Texas A&M University,
class of 1989-90,
will be joining our Firm:
Brad Almond
Sandy Klein
Becky Barta
Kimberly Lambert
Lisa Bauer
Pam Montgomery
Julie Boecker
Kristin Petersen
Laura Burks
Susan Peterson
Cathy Flescher
John Pumpelly
Roxanne Frey
Melanie Rees
Chuck Hollas
Kerrie Roberts
Tensie Homan
Connie Rouse
Kristen Johnson
Jennifer Searcey
Michael Kernan
Janna Smith
Larry Kitchel
Michael Walther
Welcome to Peat Marwick!
Peat Marwick Spring Campus Interview Dates:
February
12 (Permanent Positions)
February
13 (Summer Positions)
3 eat Marwick
When you finish reading The Battalion pass it on to a friend, but please... don’t litter!