Tuesday, April 25,1989
The Battalion
Page 9
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pitchers. He doe sn
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neks, he said. °
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irm for granted.
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good arm and body
nechames and a good
ogram.”
& Bill Hinds
ONBR
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SCHULMAN
Study suggests genes
may affect feelings
of work satisfaction
ALL SEATS
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SCHULMAN 6 226 Southwest Pkwy. 693-2457
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NEW YORK (AP) — Hate your
job? Love your job? Part of the rea
son may be your genes, a study sug
gests.
By studying identical twins who
grew up in different families, re
searchers found evidence that genes
influence a worker’s satisfaction with
his job.
That may be part of the reason
some people seem happy no matter
what they do, while others have
trouble finding a satisfying job, in
dustrial psychologist Richard Arvey
said.
The findings do not suggest that
people who dislike their jobs are ge
netically doomed to unhappiness at
work. The apparent genetic impact
is quite modest, and like other ge
netic influences it may be modifiable
by environment, Arvey said in a re
cent telephone interview.
The study is presented in this
month’s issue of the Journal of Ap
plied Psychology by Arvey, a profes
sor at the Industrial Relations Cen
ter of the University of Minnesota’s
Carlson School of Management, and
university colleagues Lauren Abra
ham, Thomas Bouchard, Jr., and
Nancy Segal.
Arvey said the study does not
prove genetic influence over job sat
isfaction, but only supports the idea.
He also noted that the study was
small, and urged caution in applying
the results to the general population.
Two scientists who have studied
genetic influence on personality
commented that the new findings fit
in with previous research. John
Loehlin of the University of Texas at
Austin said other research suggests
genetic influence on personality and
temperament, and an effect on job
satisfaction appears plausible.
Richard Rose of Indiana Univer
sity in Bloomington said Finnish
studies of twins have found evidence
that genes may influence a person’s
job choice, satisfaction with life, and
frequency of changing jobs for such
reasons as dissatisfaction or being
fired.
But psychologist Leon Kamin of
Northeastern University, who has
analyzed nature-vs.-nurture re
search, said Monday he was skepti
cal.
The reason for studying identical
twins reared apart is that since twins
in a pair share identical genes, but
grow up in different environments,
some similarities between them may
reflect genetic influence.
But Kamin said previous studies
showed twins reared apart tend to
grow up in similar family environ
ments, which he said could explain
such similarities as degree of job sat
isfaction.
The new study focused on 34
pairs of identical twins who had beerl
separated at an average age of less
than six months. They were not re
united until about age 32, on aver
age. Twenty-five pairs were wnm^n
Each twin completed a question
naire about satisfaction with the
“major job” in his or her life. Arvey
said the job list was diverse, includ
ing research chemist, coal miner, as
sembly line worker, computer ana
lyst, machinist, nurse and financial
planner. Seventeen women said be
ing a housewife was their major job.
Comparing jobs held by each
member of twin pairs, researchers
found evidence that twins tended to
hold jobs with similar degrees of
mental complexity, physical de
mands and physical coordination re
quirements.
That finding supports the idea
that genes also af fect what jobs peo
ple seek, researchers said. But analy
sis showed it does not explain the ap
parent genetic influence on job
satisfaction.
Arvey said there are several possi
ble ways genes could influence hap
piness in the workplace. Affecting
personality is a “very likely mech
anism,” he said.
Alternatively, genes may influ
ence what people pay attention to in
their job environment, such as su
pervision, he said, or they may affect
what people want out of a job.
Court refuses to intervene
in chemical controversy
WASHINGTON (AP) — The Su
preme Court on Monday refused to
intervene in the controversy over
Alar, rejecting attempts to revive a
lawsuit by Ralph Nader and others
aimed at banning use of the chemi
cal on apples.
The suit, which the justices let die
without comment, had sought to
force the Environmental Protection
Agency to immediately ban Alar,
used primarily to enhance apples’
color, ripening and shelf life.
Critics of the chemical say it poses
a health hazard, particularly to chil
dren. Makers of apple juices and
sauces say their tests show only tra
ces of Alar in only a tiny fraction of
their products.
In another matter, the court
agreed to decide whether a federal
judge has the authority to order
higher property taxes to help pay
for racially desegregating public
schools in Kansas City, Mo. The tax
hike is designed to raise hundreds of
millions of dollars to improve decay
ing, predominantly black city
schools.
The court will hear appeals by
state and county officials and school
district taxpayers that U.S. District
Judge Russell Clark acted improp
erly in doubling school property
taxes and imposing an income tax
surcharge.
The city’s schools had been segre
gated under Missouri law until 1954.
In the ensuing three decades, the
percentage of blacks students in the
system climbed from 22.5 to 67.7
percent.
Clark ruled in 1987 that the
school facilities had “literally rotted,”
ordered them upgraded and im
posed the tax hikes. District voters
nad rejected higher taxes six times
from 1970 to 1983.
In the Alar case, some studies
show the chemical — also called
daminozide — can cause cancer in
test animals.
The EPA has said that it intends
to ban Alar, made by Uniroyal
Chemical Co., but that such action
could be years away.
The EPA on Jan. 6, 1987, rejected
a plea by environmentalists and oth
ers, saying it lacked sufficient evi
dence to order Alar off the market.
Instead, 10 days later the EPA
lowered by one-third the allowable
amounts of the chemical that may
remain as residues in apples. The
new rule was designed as an interim
measure to permit more time for the
agency to study Alar’s effects.
Nader and the others whose peti
tion was denied by the EPA filed a
federal suit aimed at forcing the
agency to ban Alar.
Among those filing the suit were
the advocacy group Public Citizen,
which Nader founded; the Natural
Resources Defense Council, and the
American Academy of Pediatrics.
The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Ap
peals last October threw out the suit
for procedural reasons.
MISSISSIPPI BURNING
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7:20 B
*48 1
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I Manor Ea*?t Mall
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THE RESCUERS g
7:00
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7:13
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DANGEROUS UAS0NS R
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SEE YOU IN THE MORNING pg-h
7:20
943
TODAY
ClNEPLLX ODEON
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inema/ International Film &mm
Directed by: FEDERICO FELLINI
Starring: MARCELLO MASTROIANNI
(In Italian with English subtitles)
A successful director, corrjmitted to an ambitious new
production, is bereft of fresh ideas. Exhausted, hounded
by both his wife and his mistress, he escapes into his
personal fantasies. The result is the recognition that his
future work must come from the experiences of his life.
Tuesday, April 25
7:30 Pm 701 Rudder
Tickets - $2.50
Purchase tickets at the Rudder Box Office
Underwritten by MSC Jordan Institute for International Awareness
The appeals court said the EPA
could be exposed to a barrage of
lawsuits if forced to go to court every
time it denied a petition similar to
the one submitted for Alar.
The “EPA could conceivably be
forced to appear continually in ap
pellate courts defending regulations
long established that parties failed to
contest at the time of their promul
gation,” the 9th Circuit court said.
“If Cdngress had intended such a re
sult, it is unlikely it would have pre
scribed a fixed deadline for appeals
from regulations.”
The Bush administration had
urged the Supreme Court to reject
the environmentalists’ bid to revive
their suit.
Citizens who file petitions with the
environmental agency should not be
allowed to bypass administrative
procedures established by federal
law, Justice Department lawyers
said.
Abortion
(Continued from page 1)
was the rapist,” Weddington said.
Henry Wade was the district attor
ney of Dallas.
Weddington won part and lost
part of her case in the lower courts,
but appealed to the U.S. Supreme
Court. By the time the case was
heard by the court, about 25 months
later, Roe had carried the child and
given it up for adoption. But Wed
dington said the issue had become
less of a personal issue and more of
national interest.
The abortion-rights issue is re
ceiving national interest again with
the scheduled hearing of Webster vs.
Reproductive Health Services.
Among other things, the case calls
for the statement that life begins at
conceptionand that abortion cannot
be performed in hospitals.
For the first time, the U.S. Justice
Department will be given ten min
utes to argue in favor of overturning
Roe vs. Wade. In normal situations,
one 30-minute argument is pre
sented by each side.
“One of my theories is that three
of the justices were appointed by the
Reagan administration, and the
fourth was made chief justice, giving
them the four votes necessary for
procedural changes,” she said. “It
could be just a courtesy to the ad
ministration, just to see what they
have to say.”
Weddington is a history and gov
ernment lecturer at the University of
Texas and Texas Women’s Univer
sity. She has served as General
Counsel for the U.S. Dept, of Agri
culture, lobbyist for the state of
Texas and three-term legislator in
the Texas House of Representatives.
The Center for Entrepreneurship
and
The College of Business Administration
invite you to the
MASTER ENTREPRENEUR OF THE YEAR
AWARD CEREMONY
for 1989
Honoring
NORMAN E. BRINKER
Chairman & CEO
Chili’s, Inc.
Thursday, 27 April 1989, 11:00 a.m.
- Rudder Theater J
Flowers For
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Corsages
Hail* Pieces
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—
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