Page lOAThe Battalion/Thursday, December 22, 1987
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DOT to start random drug tests
for U.S. airline, railroad workers c
WASHINGTON (AP) — The De
partment of Transportation and
Congress began moving Wednesday
toward requiring random drug-test
ing of airline and railroad industry
employees, and the department said
it plans to test 26,500 of its own
workers as well.
Transportation Secretary Eliza
beth Dole disclosed plans for the ex
tensive drug-testing and rehabilita
tion program, as several members of
Congress said they will introduce
drug-testing legislation in the com
ing days.
The whirlwind of activity involv
ing random drug testing, a contro
versial issue at this time, came a week
after the disclosure that marijuana
had been used by two Conrail train
operators involved in a collision with
an Amtrak passenger train Jan. 4.
Sixteen people were killed and
175 injured in the accident.
“People have a right to expect and
receive a drug-free transportation
system,” Dole said. “There’s no area
where a person’s decision to use
drugs would have a more disastrous
impact than in transportation.”
She said the DOT plans to push
for legislation requiring random
drug-testing for train operators, but
will move on its own through new
regulations to require such testing of
commercial pilots, flight crews and
other aviation employees responsi
ble for safe flight operations.
At the same time the department
plans within “three or four weeks” to
have in place an internal drug-test
ing and rehabilitation program for
26,500 DOT employees involved in
safety or security related jobs, Dole
said.
The program, which is viewed as a
prototype for what the department
plans to require for the rail and avi
ation industries, calls for pre-em
ployment drug testing, testing after
an accident, random testing and pe
riodic testing of all employees in
volved in security- or safety-related
jobs.
Drug testing of government em
ployees under a presidential direc
tive issued last year is under court
challenge with a trial expected soon
in U.S. District Court in New Or
leans.
Rail and aviation labor groups in
the past have strongly denounced
any requirements for random drug
testing, claiming it to be unreliable
and a violation of an employee’s con
stitutional rights.
Dole acknowledged that random
testing “obviously is an emotional is
sue” that has raised controversy.
But, she argued, in the case of work-
Delegates disagree
on peace proposals
MEXICO CITY (AP) — U.N. Sec
retary-General Javier Perez de Cuel
lar said Wednesday that Central
American leaders lack the sincere
desire to make peace in their region.
But another member of a dele
gation of 10 Latin American diplo
mats who toured the region said the
group gathered proposals that could
renew negotiations.
Perez de Cuellar and Joao Clem
ente Soares, the Brazilian secretary-
general of the Organization of
American States, accompanied the
Contadora group and its supporters
on the tour of five Central American
countries Monday and Tuesday.
The Contadora countries — Pan
ama, Mexico, Colombia and Venezu
ela — began work on a regional
peace treaty four years ago in an ef
fort to ease tensions in the region.
Argentina, Brazil, Peru and Uru
guay make up the support group.
“I have not found a political will-
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CHANELLO’S PIZZA
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20"
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ers involved in transportation “you
look at a balance between the safety
and security needs of the public and
the constitutional rights of the indi
vidual.”
As Dole
fc
There are no federal require
ments for testing airline employees
for drugs, although many airlines
conduct such tests if drug use is sus
pected on the part of a pilot. A year-
old federal regulation allows testing
for probable cause by railroads, but
critics argue that it failed to detect
marijuana use by the Conrail crew
involved in the Amtrak accident.
announced her plail-
several members of Congress sjJ
they are ready to introduce itcTf
Lit ii m i .tiling lot (ling (esiiiii; W
woikcis 111 \ i >|\ c< I m |)iiNi( uanyp! natic
ration.
Wed
||ion
Legislation offered by Sen. JoiBdini
Dantoiih. K M<> (.ills lor raodflp de
irsiing ot ioiniiicni.il piloiv |]. ; W'ai'
crew and air traffic controllers I| I I
well as train opn atois. "Itisor.iP am
rc.isoii.il>lc io ( \|K it people . k Joint
have hi11idi c<Is ot lues m . .I' repo
hands to he drug-free,” Danfon^Pder
said. i'Shiel
Study: Consuming
calcium doesn’t
save aging bones
ingness to find a joint solution to the
Central American conflict,” Perez de
Cuellar, a Peruvian, said. “There is
not that desire to make sacrifices on
positions in Central America.”
But Mexican Foreign Minister
Bernardo Sepulveda said it ap
peared the mission had gathered
enough “ideas, proposals and initia
tives” to be able to revive negotia
tions stalled since June.
A peace treaty drafted by the
Contadora nations but not approved
by the Central American countries
calls for removal of all foreign mili
tary advisers and bases and restraint
in building armed forces.
The three U.S. allies in Central
America — Costa Rica, El Salvador
and Honduras — rejected it on the
grounds that Nicaraguan compli
ance was not assured. Leftist-ruled
Nicaragua said it would not sign a
treaty until the United States ends its
“military and economic aggression.”
BOSTON (AP) — Consuming ex
tra calcium appears to have little ef
fect on aging bones, even though it is
often recommended as a good way
to protect older women from frac
tures, a controversial new study con
cludes.
The study found that shortly after
menopause, women lose bone rap
idly despite taking relatively large
amounts of calcium. Only estrogen
pills protected their bones.
The research, conducted in Den
mark, prompted criticism from
other scientists studying the widely
promoted belief that women can
save their bones by taking calcium.
Ik
til
n/.ed
low the rapic
ling more tali
i unman co
Thinning bones, a condition
called osteoporosis, is a serious and
extremely common health hazard,
especially among elderly white
women. It’s blamed foi an estimated
1 to 2 million fractures among post
menopausal women in the United
States each year, as well as compres
sion of the spine that creates the
stooped posture known as “dowag
er’s hump.”
Bone loss begins before meno
pause, but it speeds up rapidly din
ing the first five to 10 years after
menopause. Women may lose 5 per
cent of their bone mass each year
during that period.
Estrogen pills are highly effective
in retarding this process, but they
also increase the risk of uterine can
cer.
Dock
women can also
of bone by consul
a mineral that’s
neni of Iwmes.
Older women in the I'niiedSu
lake in an average of 475 milligri
oi this nutrient daily, 'fluent
ago. a panel convened by the!
tional Institutes of Health me
mended that they increase thii
1,000 to 1,500 milligrams daily !
two-year study of 43 Danish won
with an average age of 51, Dr.CI
Christiansen and colleagues fr
Glostrup Hospital in GlosttmD
mark, dispute the value ofthisi
ommendation.
They found that even when
women took calcium supplement
2.00C
pause
there
their
milligram!
they lost
was little
bone loss
fter
Ixme rapidly,
dif ference bet
md that of w
mo:
ties sai
:urb t
Mosler
spite
cam pa
| A i
agency
who took no extra calcium.
republ
highes
per fai
nigra
ingcoi
I'm
Union
topic
Dr. Bess Dawson Hughes, ot
U.S. Department of Agriculture
trition Research Center at ^ Westci
l nivci su\. .uid 1 )i William A souk c
of the Jewish Hospital of St. Lt-f j
criticized the Danish stud\. hf.Tthi
noted t hat it did n the 11
much calcium the women got: highri
mill 1 < a 1 ni n sianv •
intake might have already beeh 'The
highth.u the\ densed no add figure
benef it 11 oni t he e\u a i aluunn: nation
supplements. Hf j
nev.be
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