Tuesday, May 6, 1986/The Battalion/Page 7
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World and Nation
Soviet Nuclear Disaster
Chernobyl not first Soviet nuclear accident
WASHINGTON (AP) —
Nearly three decades ago, some
thing happened at Kyshtym, in
the Soviet Union, that is a far
greater secret than the nuclear
meltdown in Chernobyl.
The Soviet silence about Kysh
tym is an enduring one and
American analysts are divided
over what happened to cause 30
rural villages to vanish from So
viet maps and to turn an area
some 1,500 miles northeast of
Chernobyl into a vast radioactive
wasteland in the Ural Mountains.
Soviet spokesman Boris Malak
hov, giving his government’s
standard statement about events
around Kyshtym, said, “I’m not
going to comment on specu
lation.”
But Soviet exiles and U.S. gov
ernment studies paint a grim pic
ture of the Kyshtym region and
the nearby Chelyabinsk-40, the
Soviet’s first nuclear production
facility, which turned out pluto
nium for weapons.
They say that by the late 1950s,
an area of up to 400 square miles
— about one-third the size of
Rhode Island — was poisoned by
radioactivity greater than that
produced by the U.S. atomic
bombing of Japan, the Three
Mile Island accident and perhaps
the Chernobyl meltdown.
The names of some 30 Soviet
villages simply disappeared from
maps, indicating a resettlement
program.
Agriculture became a memory.
Lakes were declared off limits for
fishing. Dams were built to con-
Aircraft detect radioactivity
off Pacific Northwest coast
WASHINGTON (AP) — Small
amounts of radioactivity from the
Chernobyl nuclear accident have
been detected by aircraft off the Pa
cific Northwest coast, an interagency
task force said Monday, and patches
of activity are moving across the con
tinent at high altitudes.
The initial detections were made
on samples taken over the weekend,
the special task force monitoring the
accident said.
No radioactivity has been detected
at ground level yet. The task force
said, “The most likely source of early
detection near the ground will be in
rain water, particularly from thun
derstorms reaching altitudes of
20,000 to 30,000 feet or more.”
Officials at the task force said they
“continue to believe there will be no
public health risk” in the United
States.
The task force statement advised
potential travelers to “carefully mon
itor press reports.”
tain radioactive waterways. Rivers
were diverted with a series of ca
nals.
Zhores Medvedev, a biologist
who fled the Soviet Union in
1973, maintains that hundreds of
people died and tens of thou
sands more were affected by the
Kyshtym fallout.
A 1977 Central Intelligence
Agency report quoted Soviet
sources as saying “hundreds of
people perished” in late 1957 or
early 1958.
Another emigre scientist. Lev
Tumerman, wrote about a car
trip he made through the area in
the early 1960s:
“A road sign warned drivers
not to stop for the next 30 kilo
meters and to drive through at
maximum speed. On both sides
of the road, as far as one could
see, the land was dead: no vil
lages, no towns, only the chim
neys of destroyed houses; no cul
tivated fields or pastures, no
herds, no people. Nothing.”
Soviets say radiation has spread past evacuated zone
MOSCOW (AP) — The government indicated
Monday that radiation had spread beyond the
evacuated zone around Chernobyl, and an offi
cial said foreigners would be allowed to visit the
stricken nuclear plant when it was safe to do so.
A government statement also indicated that
contamination threatened a river that feeds a
major reservoir near Kiev, the Ukrainian capital
of 2.4 million people 80 miles south of the disas
ter site.
The head of the International Atomic Energy
Agency arrived for talks with Soviet officials
about the April 26 accident.
An invisible cloud of radiation spread over
much of Europe after a reactor caught fire in the
Chernobyl plant. The Kremlin’s official reports
say two people were killed and 197 injured, but
other governments believe the toll is higher.
No health-threatening radiation levels were
reported outside the Soviet Union on Monday,
but precautionary measures remained in effect
in some European countries.
In a four-paragraph statement distributed
Monday by the official news agency Tass, the
Council of Ministers said that a cleanup was un
der way at the Chernobyl plant and that radia
tion was found in both the Ukrainian and Byelo
russian republics.
It was the Soviets’ broadest description of the
area affected and the first indication from the
Kremlin that radioactivity had spread beyond
the 18-mile evacuation zone.
Earlier reports mentioned only the immediate
plant vicinity, which Moscow Communist Party
chief Boris N. Yeltsin described Sunday in West
Germany as a “danger area” from which 49,000
residents were evacuated.
The Chernobyl plant is about six miles from
the border of Byelorussia, which lies north of the
Ukraine.
Yeltsin said the reactor was not leaking radia
tion, but sediments in the vicinity were causing
radioactivity readings of 100 roentgens an hour.
On Sunday, Yeltsin said 150 roentgens an hour
were found near the plant.
West German experts say exposure to 400
roentgens usually is fatal.
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senate panel Marcos ‘would return home’
nearing vote . -. . ... . .
on tax plan if ISSUOd Philippine pOSSpOlf
WASHINGTON (AP) — The
Senate Finance Committee Monday
moved toward a vote on elements of
an income tax-overhaul plan under
which 80 percent of taxpayers would
pay a 15-percent rate but lose many
of their traditional deductions.
Chairman Bob Packwood, R-Ore.,
told reporters, “We are clearly very
close” to having a majority of the 20-
member committee for the bill.
The bill is modeled after one that
Reagan sent to Congress last year
and labeled as the top legislative
priority of his second term. The
president asked for lower individual
and corporate tax rates and fewer
deductions and exemptions. Pack-
wood’s version goes even further.
It would slash the top individual
rate to 27 percent, but tax an esti
mated 80 percent of taxpayers at the
lower rate of 15 percent.Personal
exemptions would rise to $2,000 for
all but the wealthiest people.
MANILA, Philippines (AP) —
The government said Monday that
President Reagan had suggested
Ferdinand E. Marcos’ passport be
restored, and the ousted president’s
lawyer declared Marcos would re
turn home immediately if that was
done.
In a meeting with several report
ers Monday morning, attorney Ra
fael Recto said he did not think Mar
cos would use the passport to go to a
third country, as some U.S. officials
have suggested.
Marcos fled Feb. 26 after ruling
the Philippines for 20 years, driven
into exile by a military-civilian revolt.
Corazon Aquino, his opponent in
the fraud-tainted Feb. 7 election,
took over as president.
He recently has made repeated
statements claiming he still is the na
tion’s legitimate president and en
couraging his supporters to demon
strate against Aquino.
Manila police broke up demon
strations by Marcos loyalists Sunday
and Thursday following three weeks
of round-the-clock protests in front
of the U.S. Embassy. The former
president’s supporters claim the
United States kidnapped Marcos by
flying him from the Philippines to
Hawaii.
Vice President Salvador Laurel
told a news conference Monday that
Reagan brought up the question of
Marcos’ revoked passport when they
talked Thursday at a meeting of the
Association of South East Asian Na
tions in Bali, Indonesia.
Laurel said he told Reagan: “I
don’t believe we are ready to have
Mr. Marcos back. We are returning
to constitutional normalcy. We
would not want any disturbance or
delay.”
He said the decision will be made
by Aquino, but he does not believe
Marcos should return until a new
constitution is adopted and elections
are held.
Aquino’s administration revoked
the passports of Marcos and his fam
ily when they fled. The lack of pass
ports prevents them from leaving
the United States.
Laurel said Marcos might foment
trouble if he returned and could fi
nance opposition to Aquino from a
third country, where he might be
able to retrieve some of the billions
of dollars the government says he
stole from the Philippines and sent
abroad.
At a breakfast meeting Monday,
several military leaders praised
Aquino as their commander in chief.
Politicians of different parties had
questioned whether she could com
mand the loyalty of generals accus
tomed to Marcos’ iron-fisted style.
Army Gen. Salvador Mison said,
“I think we are better off now be
cause the policies are clearer.”
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