i
MEXICANOS:
Te invitamos a tomar parte en la foto-
grafia para el Aggieland ’86
Lobby Zachry 6:40 p.m.
Lunes 3 de Febrero de 1986
Esperamos contar con tu presencia
te invita
Assoc, de Estudiantes Mexicanos
For information contact:
Oscar 845-4468
Argentina 845-4118
Page lOAThe Battalion/Monday, February 3, 1986
Confidence led to remove! of most sensors
Solid rockets hove history of unreliability
Associated Press
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846-0636
SPACE CENTER, Houston — For the first 20
years of the space age, solid rockets were consid
ered too risky to use on manned flights. But they
proved so successful early in the shuttle pro
gram that NASA confidently removed all but
four sensors to measure their performance.
Now a failure of the right booster is consid
ered a major candidate for the cause of the
Challenger explosion that killed the crew of
seven and brought to a temporary halt Ameri
ca’s manned spaceflight program.
Suspicion focused on the right booster after
photographs clearly showed flame burst
through the side of the rocket casing. It was
speculated that the 6,000-degree heat from the
solid fuel could have impinged like a blow torch
against Challenger’s fuel tank, which contained
a half-million gallons of explosive fuel. It was
this fuel tank that exploded.
Problems with a booster nearly caused a disas
ter during the eighth shuttle mission in October
1983.
Astronaut Dan Brandenstein reported that a
nozzle on a rocket motor came within a fifth of
an inch of burning through. Had it burned
through, he said, the result would have been
“catastrophic,” with the craft going into a pinw
heeling motion. He believed the five astronauts
on board would have been killed.
NASA’s acting administrator, William Gra
ham, said Sunday in an interview on NBC that
the boosters were at first heavily instrumented
to monitor their performance.
But he said the rockets worked so successfully
that there were “no credible failure inodes that
we could identify” and most of the sensors were
removed early in the program. Only four sen
sors remained on the boosters used for Chal
lenger, and officials said there was no data mon
itored during liftoff at Mission Control to
indicate a problem.
Solid rockets have a history of unreliability
dating to ancient China, when they were pro
pelled by charcoal, potassium nitrate and sulf ur.
Unlike rockets fueled with liquids such as ker
osene, solid rockets cannot be throttled and thus
are uncontrollable. Once a solid is ignited, it will
burn until the fuel is exhausted. It cannot be
shut down and, often, it cannot even be calmed
down.
to full thrust, about five seconds, then anelectri
cal signal is sent to the solid boosters.
The solids immediately start burning, pro
ducing 2.9 million pounds of thrust. The power
is instant and for this reason, the shuttle seems
to leap away from the pad, instead of the slow,
majestic rise typical of the all-liquid-fueled
Apollo spacecraft.
By the time the shuttle program was in its de
sign phase, however, engineers had found they
could design solid rockets that burned reliably at
a set rate, giving a predictable thrust.
NASA decided to team two solid rockets with
the three powerful liquid-fuel main engines to
give the shuttle the 4 million pounds of thrust it
needed to leave Earth.
Thiokol Chemical Corp. of Brigham City,
Utah, which has long experience making solid
rocket fuels, was given the contract to design
and build the boosters, each one 149 feet long
and 12 feet in diameter.
During launch, the main shuttle engines ig
nite first. These engines can be shut down in the
event of a problem. When they have burned up
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FOLEY’S
EXTENDS
CONGRATULATIONS
Foley’s 1986 Summer Interships
have been awarded to:
Laura Karrenbrock
Elizabeth Mitchell
Diane Jones
Jack Volkenburg
Foley's extends a warm round of silent applause
and our best wishes to each Texas A & M Intern.
A commitment to excellence has once again
been demonstrated.
AT THE HEART OF nXAS
W(
Associated Press
PHILADELPHIA — Emotional
opposition and a 60-day reprieve
saved the Bellevue Stratford from
closing Sunday, but the city’s best-
known hotel seems sure to shut
down after a history of prestige and
the first known fatal outbreak of Le
gionnaire’s disease.
It was the hotel of choice for ce
lebrities ranging from Elvis Presley
to Sophia Loren. Every president
since Theodore Roosevelt has stayed
in the Bellevue, and the late Princess
Grace chose the hotel when she left
her palace in Monaco to visit her
The principal owner, Rubin 8c As
sociates, said Jan. 22 that mounting
debts would force the 82-year-old
hotel to close Sunday. A lawsuit Sun
day changed this,
lawsuit Sunday changed this.
Attorney David Girard-diCarlo
called the opposition “a political cir
cus,” but said the 565-room hotel
Every president since
Theodore Roosevelt has
stayed in the Bellevue,
and the late Princess
Grace chose the hotel
when she left her palace in
Monaco.
would remain open until April 2. He
acknowledged some of its restau
rants might close and some of the
450 employees might lose their jobs
before then.
Plans for the next two months re
mained unclear Sunday. General
manager Ray Sylvester said Friday
the Bellevue canceled all bookings
after Saturday and helped conven
tion sponsors find other bases in an
ticipation of closing.
Girard-DiCarlo said Rubin 8c As
sociates and Westin Hotels, which
owns 49 percent, would entertain
“reasonable” proposals to keep the
ornate building open as a hotel. But
the previous day, Rubin & Associates
spokeswoman Judith Morse had said
the company still planned to reno
vate it into shops, offices, high-class
restaurants and a smaller hotel.
The hotel hasn’t made a profit
since it reopened in 1979, three
years after closing in the aftermath
of the deaths of 29 conventioneering
Legionnaires and their spouses,
lending the name to what is now
known as Legionnaire’s disease.
Irving Anderson, president of the
city’s Hotel-Motel Association, said
the Bellevue became a victim of eral
problems plaguing Philadelphia’s
hotel industry — a glut of high-
priced rooms and a delay in con
struction of a downtown convention
center.
Ullmonn
honored
with award
BERLIN — Norwegian actress
Liv Lllmann was honored Sun
day by The West German Society
for the United Nations for her
work with UNICEF.
The private Berlin-based
group presented Lllmann with its
Dag Hammerskjold medal at a
Berlin ceremony attended bv
West German Foreign Minister
Hans-Dietrich Genscher and
other officials.
Lllmann said she accepted the
biennial award “in the name of
the world’s children.”
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AT YOUR SERVICE
Approximately two-thirds of the Aggie student population lives off campus.
Many off-campus students tell us that they don’t know about campus events and
express the need for a “connection” between themselves and campus life.
This connection is provided for you in the “Off Campus Connection.” This
column is sponsored by the Off Campus Center in the Department of Student
Affairs and Loupot’s Bookstore. The “Off Campus Connection” will contain ar
ticles and tips regarding off-campus living such as information on security de
posits, preleasing, apartment security and roommates.The column will also pro
vide off-campus students with information concerning campus events and
activities.
As you read the “Off Campus Connection”, we would like to encourage you
to submit any questions, comments, or ideas that you may have. We invite you
to bring your ideas by the Off Campus Center in Puryear Hall, directly across
from the YMCA Building, or give us a call at 845-1741. Feel free to call or
come by Monday through Friday between 8 a.m. and 5p.m.
OFF
CAMPUS
AGGIES
Schedule of Events for February
OCA General Meeting-Wednesday, February 5, 1986 7:00 p.m. 206 MSC
Guest Speaker-Lynn Hickey-Director of Women’s Athletics
OffCapus Week-February 10-14, 1986
Look for Domino Tournament, Valentines Day Sock Hop at Deware Field
House, and other related social activities.
Cross-Dine with the Corps of Cadets-
Sign up in the MSC during Off Campus Week
Come by our office or give us a call!
223 Pavilion 845-0688/823-2553
A WINNING
COMBINATION
We would like to congratulate our Fall '85 Apartment Council Presidents for a job well
done. Below is a list of ourACP's. We are now accepting applications for those com
plexes not already represented. Stop by our office for more information.
AGGIELAND
ARBOR AQUARE
AUTUMN HEIGHTS
BRIARWOOD
CASASEL SOL
CASA VERDE
A/V^
Laurel and Hardy, Laveme and Shirley, Cheech and Chong-combinations like
these are hard to find. Selecting a compatible roommate is also a difficult task.
Although roommates do not have to be best friends or share every aspect of col
lege living, they do need to, learn how to tolerate one another’s differences with
out infringing on individual freedoms. Mastering this task can lead to produc
tive relationships by preventing unnecessary conflicts.
In choosing a roommate there are several areas of discussion which should
be explored prior to making a final commitment. In getting acquainted, each
prospective roommate should discuss his or her background-hometown, family,
age, major, and reason for coming to A&M. A second area which should be
discussed concerns the individual’s preferences and habits. This includes such
things as how much sleep you need, what your study habits are, and how you
feel about your possessions. A third area relates to the roommates’ emotional
styles. Annoyances, things which get you down, and times you would prefer to
be alone are important factors which contribute to your individuality. A fourth
area which should be discussed by potential roommates concerns personal va
lues. Being open and honest is the key to success. For example, look at Laveme
and Shirley. Everyone knows their values are as different as night and day, but
their relationship as roommates is great. By communicating about differences,
roommates can become more aware of potential problem areas.
Once potential roommates have discussed personal characteristics and pref
erences, it is always a good ideal to establish “house rules.” By discussing such
issues as cleaning duties and study times in the beginning, problems may be al
leviated later. Follow these steps in selecting a compatible roommate — learn to
be part of a winning combination.
CHATHAM PLACE
COUNTRY PLACE
COUTYARD
GLENWOOD
GREY CO.
HOLIDAY MOBIL HOMES
HUNTINGTON
LINCOLN SQUARE
THE OAKS
OLD COLLEGE MAIN
PARKWAY CIRCLE
PEPPERTREE
PLANT AION OAKS
PORTERFIELD TRAILER PARK
RAMBLEWOOD TRAILER PARK
SAUSALITO
SCANDIA
SEVILLA
SOUTHWEST VILLAGE
STONEWOOD VILLAGE
SUNDANCE
TANGLEWOOD SOUTH
TIMBER CREEK
TIMBER RIDGE
TREEHOUSE
VIKING
VILLA OAKS WEST
VILLA WEST
VILLAGE GREEN
WALDEN POND
WILLOWW1CK
WINDHILL/SUNSET
WOODBROOK CONDOS
WOODSMAN CONDOS
MAGGIE SHANNON
COLIN MOSS
MICHELLE CHANDLER
DARA DICKSON
SCOTT LEECH
HEIKE GARRETT
CHR1STI CANO
SYLVIA SEPULVEDA
DUNCAN MCCOOK
MATT HUNT
BRUCE HARMAN
KEVIN DRISKILL
CLIFTON SMITH
SHERI BAKER
CURT STERNER
MATT POTTER
SALEEM GHIAS
LESLIE MOLLOY
PLILIP ST1EFER
KIM MCELROY
DAVID STEPHENS
GARY CALKINS
MARK SUM!
BRIAN BANNER
RAY KELLY
KEITH GODWIN
DON ILOFF
DOUG BAUMANN
JOLI CZIGANG
BRETT SHINE
MARY ANN BRANCH
LINDA SIPPOLA
BECKY CLARK
NANCY DURRENBURGER
LAURI LUSTFIELD
DAVI WEISMAN
KATHI ARMER
SCOTT HART
WENDY FEATHERSTONE
JEFF SLADECEK
KAREN VEST
The Off Campus Connection is sponsored monthly by
Loupot’s Bookstore as a service to Texas A&M students.
Articles and artwork are provided by the Off Campus Center
staff.
After 50 seconds, thrust from the solids is re
duced by a third. This is accomplished because
of the shape and chemical mixture, not as a re
sult of throttling. The boosters fall away from
the shuttle and are parachuted into the ocean,
recovered by ship, and returned to the Kennedy
Space Center. There, they will be taken apart,
reloaded and flown again.
Under NASA rules, once the solids are ig
nited, the astronauts are required to ride them
until they have burned out. Should the shutde
go out of control and become a danger to a pop
ulated area before then, an Air Force range
safety officer is under instructions to blowup
the vehicle, including the orbiter and the astro
nauts.
Such a signal was sent to Challenger, but only
after the external tank had exploded and pulve
rized the orbiter. The result of the signal was
that both boosters blew up, destroying evidence
in the investigation.
NASA officials said destruction of the stray
boosters was necessary because one was streak
ing toward a populated beach area.