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The Battalion
Serving the University community
Vol. 82 No. 60 USPS 075360 14 pages
College Station, Texas
Friday, November 22,1985
‘Fireside’ summit
Reagan: Sessions with Gorbachev constructive
Kickapoo Indians granted U.S. citizenship
Letting Go
Photo by ANTHONY S. CASPER
Lindsay Robinson, 7, of College Station Brownie Troop 1259
waits to release her balloons at Thursday’s Great American Smo-
keout celebration at the Hilton Hotel. The Brownies released bal
loons with “Stop Smoking” reminders attached. The program was
sponsored by tne American Cancer Society , radio station KORA
and the Brownie troop.
Kate hits
Florida’s
Gulf coast
Associated Press
PANAMA CITY, Fla. — Hurri
cane Kate charged ashore in the
Florida Panhandle with 100 mph
winds Thursday, the First November
hurricane to make landfall in half a
century, after more than 100,000
people fled for the fourth time in as
many months.
The hurricane spawned torna
does that ripped the roofs off build
ings in the Panama City area,
toppled Apalachicola’s main water
tower, and tore down power lines
and trees in the towns of Port St. Joe
and Mexico Beach. Roads were
washed out or blocked by floodwa-
ters and fallen trees, and emergency
officials warned residents to stay in
evacuation shelters for the night.
Two people drowned off Key
West and a third was killed by a
fallen tree, bringing to at least 13 the
number of deaths attributed to the
11th storm of the Atlantic hurricane
season.
Kate’s eye, which was 20 miles in
diameter, nit land at 5 p.m., said Dr.
Neil Frank, director of the National
Hurricane Center in Coral Gables,
and was headed on a northeasterly
path that could take it into Georgia
by daybreak today.
“I can tell you, it’s bad right now,”
operator Merle Weeks said at the St.
Joseph Telephone & Telegraph Co.
in Port St. Joe. “I can’t see outside,
but I can hear it.”
Sheet metal roofing lay in the Port
St. Joe’s streets and several trees
were broken in half.
“It’s pretty rough, the wind’s real,
real strong,’* added Tim Griffin, as
sistant general manager, who spoke
; from the two-story building about
two blocks from the Gulf of Mexico.
! “Our roof is about to come off. It’s
shaking our suspended ceiling. It’s ..
. flapping it.”
Kate had already caused at least
10 deaths and “grave” destruction to
crops and property in Cuba, and
there was potential for heavy dam
age to Mexico Beach and other
coastal communities east of here,
Frank said.
Authorities in Panama City said
8.2 inches of rain fell in a 12-hour
period that began at 7 a.m., and
tides of 8 to 12 feet above normal
were expected overnight.
The center came ashore between
Panama City and Apalachicola with
maximum sustained winds of about
85 mph and gusts higher than 100
mph.
By 7 p.m. EST, Kate’s center was
near latitude 30.3 north, longitude
85.2 west, or about 30 miles east-
northeast of Panama City. Its winds
were near 75 mph and decreasing as
it moved to the northeast toward
Georgia.
Associated Press
EAGLE PASS — A migratory
band of Indians called the Texas
Kickapoos formally gained U.S. cit
izenship Thursday in a ceremony a
former congressman said marked
the end of the “Dark Ages” for the
poverty-stricken tribe.
“We’re going to take part in
America,” said James Wanpepah,
chairman of the tribal council of the
Oklahoma Kickapoos. “We’re going
to vote and bring money into this
community.”
About 75 Kickapoos, many in
jeans, cowboys hats and padded
vests, sat in folding chairs for the cit
izenship ceremony at a National
Guard Armory about a half mile
from their village of bamboo and
cardboard huts.
Raul Garza, tribal council spokes
man for the Texas Kickapoos, ac
cepted the citizenship ID cards from
an Immigration ana Naturalization
official. He said he would distribute
the cards later to 143 Indians who
have applied for citizenship.
Most of the 536 Texas Kickapoos
are migrant farm workers who drift
annually from Mexico to the north-
Associated Press
WASHINGTON — President
Reagan, addressing a joint session of
Congress upon his return from Ge
neva, characterized his summit with
Mikhail Gorbachev as a “construc
tive meeting” and said the leaders
had made a “measure of progress”
on arms control.
However, the president said, “I
can’t claim we haa a meeting of the
minds” generally and his description
of the arms understandings in
cluded only the modest provisions
carried in a joint statement issued
from Geneva.
“While we still have a long way to
o, we’re at least heading in tne right
irection,” Reagan said. “I gained a
better perspective; I feel he did too.”
Back home after the first U.S.-So
viet summit meeting in six years,
Reagan declared that he, as well as
everyone, was “impatient for results”
in the drive to improve superpower
relations. But he quickly cautioned
that “goodwill ana gooa hopes do
not always yield lasting results.
Quick fixes don’t fix big problems.”
“We don’t want a phony peace or
a frail peace,” the president said.
“We diet not go in pursuit of some
kind of illusory detente. We can’t be
satisfied with cosmetic im
provements that won’t stand the test
of time. We want real peace.”
The speech capped an 18-hour
working clay for Reagan.
In all, the president summed up
his trip this way:
“A new realism spawned the sum
mit; the summit itself was a good
start; and now our byword must be:
Steady as we go.”
Reagan’s report to the nation fol
lowed a summit that produced
' agreements to meet again next year
in Washington and the year after in
Moscow, and accords on issues such
as a cultural exchange and establish
ment of new diplomatic facilities.
But the two leaders failed to break
their deadlock on the main business
of superpower arms control, and
Reagan said that on the issue of so-
ern United States^ They have
made Eagle Pass their permanent
home, dwelling in a small duster of
primitive hand-built round huts un
derneath the international bridge to
Mexico.
They were granted Mexican cit
izenship years ago and have passed
unrestricted across the border for
years, officials said.
The tribe is a branch of the Okla
homa Kickapoos, but it has refused
to live on the tribal reservations in
central Oklahoma.
It chose instead this barren, iso
lated border town two hours south-
called “Star Wars,” the two leaders
had a “very direct” exchange.
“Mr. Gorbachev insisted that we
might use a strategic defense system
to put offensive weapons into space
ana establish nuclear superiority,”
the president said. “I made it clear
that SDI (Strategic Defense Initia
tive) had nothing to do with offen
sive weapons.”
Reagan also said he restated his
Associated Press
GENEVA — President Reagan
and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorba
chev, sealing their summit with a
toast of champagne, said Thursday
their meeting marked a “new start'’
toward improved relations. But they
failed to break their deadlock on the
main business of nuclear arms con
trol.
The two leaders, who spent more
than six hours alone in private con
versations, agreed to hold a second
summit next June in Washington,
and a third in Moscow in 1987.
Reagan stopped in Brussels to
brief NATO allies and then flew on
to Washington to address a joint ses
sion of Congress. His message: that
the superpowers are “heading in the
right airection” toward improved re
lations.
Gorbachev, summarizing the
summit before briefing Warsaw Pact
leaders in Prague, told reporters he
and Reagan looked at one another
“straight in the eye” during a series
of talks — but could not win an
agreement to trade nuclear bomb
cutbacks for an end to the American
“Star Wars” program.
“All restraint will be blown to the
winds” in nuclear competition bn less
the United States pulls back from its
anti-missile defense efforts, the So
viet general secretary said.
west of San Antonio through rolling
plains of scrub oak and cactus. The
nearest city is Del Rio, a border com
munity of about 30,000 that lies 60
miles to the north.
In 1983, Congress passed legis
lation enabling the Kickapoos to
eventually gain citizenship, culmi
nating in Thursday’s ceremony.
Citizenship allows the tribe access
to government health care, food
stamps and other services, officials
said.
“Finally, we’ve brought them out
from the Dark Ages, and hopefully
proposal for “open laboratories” for
scientists from the Soviet Union and
the United States to observe each
other’s research on strategic defense
systems.
Arms control aside, Reagan said
he had raised other subjects, includ
ing “threats to peace” in Afghani
stan, Nicaragua, Ethiopia, Angola
and Cambodia, where Soviet-bacxed
See President, page 14
Reagan, leader of the world’s
most powerful democracy, and Gor
bachev, head of the most powerful
communist nation, smiled often and
shook hands frequently at the brief
dosing ceremony in Geneva.
Reagan said the signing of the
new cultural exchange agreement
paved the way for the people-to-peo-
ple exchanges he hopes will lead to
improved understanding.
A The real report card on Geneva
will not come in for months or even
years,” Reagan said. “But we know
the questions that must be an
swered.”
Gorbachev said, “We have to be
realistic and straightforward, and
therefore the solving of the most im
portant problems concerning the
arms race and increasing hopes of
peace — we didn’t succeed in reach-
ingat this meeting.”
The leaders pledged in their joint
statement to “accelerate the work” at
the Geneva arms control talks sched
uled to resume in Geneva in Jan
uary.
Calling for “early progress” in the
talks, they endorsed “the principle
of 50-percent reductions in the nu
clear arms of the United States and
the USSR” and also for a separate in
terim agreement on intermediate
nuclear weapons in Europe.
they will feel they belong as U.S. citi
zens,” said former congressman
Abraham “Chick” Kazen, who spon
sored the Kickapoo legislation.
“We are hopeful in the future we
can get rid of all these shacks where
they ve been living — tear them all
down,” Kazen said.
The former democratic congress
man from Laredo said the next step
will be to build homes on 125 acres
of land just south of Eagle Pass. The
tribe just purchased the property us
ing donations from several
churches.
Meeting dubbed a ‘new start’
Future of final frontier discussed
Commercializing space
By JENS B. KOEPKE
Senior Staff Writer
Commercial development of
space in the next several decades will
make space flight as commonplace
as air travel is today, agreed a panel
of space commercialization experts
Thursday night.
The panel consisted of: Dr. Jo
seph Allen, a former astronaut and
executive vice president of Space In
dustries, Inc.; Arthur Dula, an attor
ney for an aerospace and technologi
cal law firm; and William
Huffstetler, NASA manager of the
Johnson Space Center’s flight pro
jects engineering office. The panel
discussion, which was moderated by
Nancy Wood, was the final event in
MSC Political Forum’s E.L. Miller
“Future in Space” Lecture Series.
“1 think 25 years from now there
will be no more astronauts to speak
of... there will be people that fly in
space ships — those people will be
called pilots, flight engineers, pas
sengers, sightseers, scientists and
space workers,” Allen said.
In addition, Allen predicted that
at least one person in the audience
would journey into space in the next
25 years and that it wouldn’t be con
sidered an extraordinary event.
“I tell you that we will have people
called pilots flying space ships — yes,
Dr. Allen is right — but the people
that they’re carrying will be called
colonists,” Dula said. “The fact is
that some of you will live and work
and have children and die in space.
We live in the last generation that
lives entirely on the surface of the
earth.”
This colonization, Dula said, will
be possible through the devel
opment of semi-ballistic, hypersonic
space vehicles, capable of flying
from New York to Tokyo in one
hour and shuttling to low-level orbit
ing space stations at the same cost.
We’re going to have a space sta
tion — it’s going to be our first city in
orbit — in low-earth orbit,”
Huffstetler said. “It will have its own
utilities, have a small diner, an air
port of sorts for the shuttle to move
in and land on and have sleeping
and language capabilities. Most im
portantly, the space station is a long
term commitment by the govern
ment to the commercial sector.
We’re in this business to stay.”
Huffstetler added that the space
station will provide twice as much re
search knowledge, particularly in
materials science and processing, as
has been accumulated over the past
25 years.
‘ Space is the new frontier,” he
said. “All new frontiers which have
existed are first explored and subse
quently exploited. In most cases, this
exploitation is for social and eco
nomic reasons.”
The exploitation (commercializa
tion) of space is being started by the
overnment, but private industry is
eveloping and building its own pro
grams, Huffstetler said.
Space Industries, Inc., Allen’s em
ployer, recently signed an
agreement with NASA to design and
build the world's first space factory.
It’s scheduled for launch in late
1989.
The key to the factory’s success,
Allen said, lies in the fact that certain
Photo by ANTHONY S. CASPER
Panel members at the E.L. Miller Lecture Series Huffstetler, Arthur Dula, Nancy Wood and Dr.
Thursday night (left to right): William Joseph Allen.
materials can only be produced in
the zero-gravity conditions of space.
Super-hard metals could be man
ufactured because pure alloys can be
produced in zero-gravity conditions.
Growing crystals that would crumble
in an earth laboratory are another
example of important materials that
could only be produced in space, Al
len said. He added that these crystals
could replace the silicon used in
computers and be ten times as effi
cient.
The technologies developed by
the government and private indus
try in the commercialization of space
will spin off many uses in earth-
based industries, Huffstetler said
This happened with the research
done in building the shuttle, he said,
with a notable spin-off being the
Teflon coating on pans. N
The United States is not alone in
its plans to commercialize space,
Dula said, but is facing stiff competi
tion from the Soviet Union and from
Western Europe. He predicted that
ownership of regions in space will
become an international issue in the
next century.