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A^abii'Caii Eat - Daily Specials
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Sunday
Pancakes
$1.99
All You Can Eat
Mon. Tues. Wed.
Spaghetti
$1.99
All You Can Eat
Thurs. Fri.
Shrimp
$4.99
All You Can Eat
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Special
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$4.99
Complete
At
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Page 4AThe Battalion/Wednesday, June 5, 1985
Funky Winkerbean
by Tom Baflu
00/LL THE O00MER OF THE
CAR 60/TH THE L/CENSE
PLATE ZZAOZ/ PLEASE
CHECK 4TXJR CAR ^
-'\/N r
SAS> , (a)HU DON'T W£
take a oualk 2- x m
THE PARKING LOT 16
REALUU PRETTU THIS TiME
OF THE EVENING /
breeding
Embryo transfer process increasing
cows' calf production, ranchers' profits
By BELINDA HOOD
Reporter
Embryo transfer — a process by
which cows can be made to produce
up to twice as many calves as they
normally would — recently has
gained popularity and may have a
great impact on the future.
But in the horse-breeding indus
try the process is still undeveloped,
making it inefficient and expensive.
Dr. Duane Kraemer, professor of
veterinary physiology and animal
science at Texas A&M, said breeders
find it difficult to justify the cost of
embryo transfer since mares will
only produce one embryo per flush.
The Reserve Grand Champion
steer at the Houston Livestock Snow
and Rodeo this year was a product of
embryo transfer, but Kraemer said
the expense involved makes exten
sive use of the process impractical
for commercial breeders.
Dr. Joe Massey, president of Gra
nada Genetics, Inc., estimates the
cost of one pregnancy to be about
$1,800. This includes the costs of ar
tificial breeding, the recipient cow,
feed, management, labor, and the
actual cost of the process itself.
The purebred beef industry has
enjoyed remarkable success with the
embryo transfer process, and suc
cessful sales of embryos and flushes
from genetically superior animals
are convincing breeders of the
profit-making possibilities of the
process.
The basic advantage of embryo
transfer is that it makes it possible
for a cow to beat the biological clock.
Instead of one pregnancy a year, a
cow can be superovulated with drugs
(to produce multiple eggs), bred,
and have her embryos collected and
implanted in recipient cows. This
makes it’s possible to get 20-30 calves
a year from one female.
Considering that the average cow
can only produce six or seven natu
ral calves in a lifetime, the advan
tages of embryo transfer tire appar
ent.
Massey said that embryo transfer
is the first tool that has allowed
ranchers to accelerate the females’
genetic impact on the herd.
“It allows breeders to take advan
tage of the genetic worth on the
front end, rather than wait 10 or 12
years,” he said.
Granada Genetics, the largest em
bryo transfer company in the world,
is based in Marquez, Texas. It pro
vides genetic services, including the
collection and transfer of purebred
embryos from both dairy and beef.
“One of the frustrations
with the use of the tech
nique is the results are un
predictable. This makes it
difficult for those people
who don't understand
that variability . . . —
Dr.Duane Kraemer, pro
fessor of veterinary physi
ology at Texas A&M.
Unfortunately, not all cattlei
embryo transfer candidates.
Spencer Roberts, vice-preskki
of sales for Granada Embryo Trail
fer Co., said only the top 101
of any breed should be used!
embryo program. Hesaidthei
from these top individuals should
evaluated and compared to the p
sible economic disadvantages,
the possibility of putting the;
in an embryo program can bee
sidered.
For those who own these top
ity cattle, the economics of enilinl
transfer are impressive, althoiiifj ^ K
problems with the inefficiencyofti
process must be overcome.
The variabilities of superovnL
tion, fertilization, synchronization^
estrus (heat) between donors andrt ! ers
cipients, and actual pregnanrieipf Und
duced are problems with theproce
that can be translated into costs,
breeds, to its domestic and interna
tional customers.
Both Kraemer and Massey agree
that the key to making progress with
embryo transfer is selection of “ge
netically superior” animals. Because
the purebred industry has such a
wide variety of goals, there is no for
mal definition for “superior”. This
makes selection a complicated proc
ess.
“There are as many ways to select
the animals as there are breeders,”
Kraemer said. “Each one has his own
goal of what he’s trying to achieve.”
But Massey said breeders usually
use some form of progeny tests,
show-ring performances or sale re
sults to make their selections.
“In the beef industry the top off
spring can be determined by using
anything from progeny testing to
show-ring results,” he said. “Wha
tever family happens to be the win
ner at a particular show, basically, is
the hottest thing going for the next
year or two.”
Inducing females to productmt'
tiple eggs (superovulation) is nou L proe
major problem, but 14-15 percent:;
the females are not capable of sunt .
ovulation. Synchronization is a K ]. 1C(
ger problem because each recipicj jT.
must be in estrus at the sametimeif
the donor. This stage is about?
percent efficient. After the embna
are collected, only about 50 percei
are found to be fertilized. Final
the good embryos are implant
into the recipients, about naif;
which become pregnant.
“One of the frustrations withthi
use of the technique is the resultsati
unpredictable,” Kraemer said. “Til
makes it difficult for those peoph
who don’t understand that variait
ity to accept the results. The ok;
time to use it is when the expense
justified.”
Alfa
cies
rentl
othe
wort
H
fanr
culth
econ
“C
sure:
retir
trutl
mon
ever
Tex;
whe;
Massey contends thtit if produce| H
want top genetic material theynwf ^
be willing to accept the unpredktp ot he
able nature of the process and t
expenses that come with it.
gove
price
low.
Sears to open
for business
on Sundays
Associated Press
HOUSTON — Sears Roebuck
and Co., the nation’s largest retailer,
will open its doors on Sundays since
the state’s Blue Law has been re
pealed, officials announced.
spokesman Ennis Chafin
said Monday, “As a result of our
competition opening and the gover
nor finally signing the bill, we de
cided to meet our competition.”
“If you want the very bestgenei*i
before everyone else, it’s going 5-
cost you money,” he said.
—
Around town
‘Alert’ program helps senior citizens
Carrier Alert, an emergency alert program is now available for
all area residents, 60 years or older. Should an unusual a mourn of
mail accumulate in your mail box, it could signify an emergency.
Your letter carrier will contact the Senior Information Service, a
group that will then provide help. To sign up for this program,
please contact your letter carrier or post office, or contact the Area
Agency on Aging at 822-7421 or 1-800-392-5563.
Chafin said stores in Houston,
Austin, San Antonio, the Rio
Grande Valley and the Beaumont-
Port Arthur area will open Sunday.
Grand jury indicts 13
on smuggling charges
Gov. Mark White last week signed
a bill voiding the century-old Blue
Law, which prohibited the sale of 42
regulated items on consecutive Sat
urdays and Sundays. It becomes ef
fective Sept. 1.
Other stores which are opening
seven days a week include Foley’s,
J.C. Penny Co., Joske’s, Montgom
ery Ward & Co. and Macy’s.
Associated Press
SAN ANTONIO — A federal
grand jury has indicted 13 people on
charges alleging they ran a smug-
' gling operation that brought cocaine
and marijuana into the United States
for five years.
The indictment, returned Mon
day, identifies transactions involving
a total of 90,000 pounds of mari
juana and two cocaine transactions
of two and 55 kilos.
Some of those indicted areincuf
tody and others, including some!
foreign countries, are still beinfl
dit, officials said.
soug
U.S. Attorney Helen Eversbei)
said one of the men indicted is a Cl
cago lawyer who is charged withu*
ing his law practice to introduce^
spective buyers to drug kingpin*
The lawyer was identified as Martf
Glass, 44, who reportedly is hospital
ized in Fort Lauderdale, Fla
Summer Graduates
in
MS, EE, Physics, Math, Chem E
Nuclear Engineering has graduate school openings for research
assistantships on topics for fusion and fission engineering to radiation
interactions with matter. Departmental research in space applications is
an area of increasing interest.
Contact the Assistant Graduate Recruiter
Ms. Kathleen Sylva at 845-41623
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