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11 students injured
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See page 3
Section of roof falls
in mall in Houston
See page 5
Cubs' Rick Sutcliffe
awarded Cy Young
See page 9
The Battalion
Serving the University community
, 81 No. 39 USPS 045360 14 pages
College Station, Texas
Wednesday, October 24,1984
littnt Wilson,
specialist,
in Texas,»
•red, to ntif
uerrilla manual
ailed repugnant
Saudis lead six OPEC countries
Production of oil to be cut
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United Press International
WASHINGT ON — A top Nicara-
lan rebel leader said Tuesday a
controversial guerrilla war manual
was prepared and paid for by a CIA
veteran.
■Alfonso Callejas Deshon, a direc
tor of the U.S.-backed Nicaraguan
Democratic Force, said in an inter-
ivieu the booklet “was not widely dis
tributed.”
■“It was an instructor’s manual,” he
said, noting he never finished read
ing it and “did not assign it much im
portance.”
■“It seems like a hook translated
Item Mao with the word commu
nism substituted for imperialism,”
Callejas said, referring to the late
Chinese leader’s classic texts on rev
olution.
The manual has become a point
of political conflict, with critics of
President Reagan arguing its advo
cacy of political assassination is mor
ally repugnant.
Administration officials have said
the controversial version of the doc
ument was a preliminary draft not
cleared by CIA officials.
The CIA has provided both funds
and advice to the rebels, although
Congress now has cut off money to
support the groups Reagan de
scribes as “freedom fighters” against
Nicaragua’s leftists Sandinista gov
ernment.
Reagan, who ordered an investi
gation of the manual’s origins, said
See MANUAL, page 11
United Press International
GENEVA — Six OPEC countries
led by Saudi Arabia agreed Tuesday
on a general plan to cut oil produc
tion to keep the cartel’s $29-a-barrel
base price from collapsing.
Saudi Oil Minister Sheikh Ahmed
Zaki Yamani said the price rescue
proposal will be presented to a full
emergency session of the 13 mem
bers of the Organization of Petro
leum Exporting Countries on Oct.
29.
“We decided to defend the price
of oil by cutting production,” Ya
mani said after a day and a half of
advance talks with other OPEC min
isters from Algeria, Kuwait, Libya,
the United Arab Emirates and Vene
zuela.
“There is ho price cut,” he said af
ter the meeting, which also was at
tended by non-members Mexico and
Egypt.
A seventh OPEC nation not at the
meeting, Iran, said it would support
the production cutback.
Iranian Oil Minister Mohammed
Gharazi told the Iranian Parliament
the move was necessary to “counter
plots of those who want control of
OPEC,” the organization’s news
agency OPECNA said in a dispatch
from Tehran.
The news agency said Gharazi dis
closed Iran’s production in October,
and it was lower than the 2.4 million
barrels per day quota allocated by
OPEC. The cutback has been attrib
uted to Iraqi attacks on oil tankers in
the Persian Gulf.
News of the OPEC proposal
prompted the spot oil market to rally
briefly, but it dropped back after
Mobil Corp. lowered its posted
prices for some U.S. crudes by 75
cents a barrel.
“Mobil could be the next-to-last
domino in the recent chain of inter
national oil price cuts,” said William
Randol, analyst at First Boston Corp.
in New York. “OPEC’s $29-a-barrel
benchmark price is the final dom
ino.”
In San Francisco, U.S. Energy
Secretary Donald Hodel said the risk
of an oil price war will increase the
longer OPEC tries to hold the line
on prices that are unrealistically high
in the weak world market.
Yamani planned to fly to Nigeria
today to try to persuade the OPEC
state to rescind its $>2-a-barrel price
drop last week that undercut reduc
tions by non-OPEC Britain and Nor
way; and set the stage for a price
war.
Mexican Oil Minister Francisco
Labastida Ochoa said he would ac
company Yamani on the Nigerian
trip to show a “spirit of cooperation”
between OPEC and non-OPEC pro
ducers.
In Oslo, however, Norwegian En
ergy Minister Rare Kristiansen said
Norway could not comply with
OPEC requests to lower its North
Sea output.
The six OPEC ministers refused
to disclose details of the proposed
cutback in the cartel’s production or
whether individual cuts for its mem
bers had been worked out.
blue law ruled unconstitutional again
lefwtiai
] 10 S3f
irClassi-
help you
r plates can be sold, but not
china. Hammers can be sold, but not
/ nails. Disposable diapers can be sold,
but not doth diapers. A bottle of
beer can be sold, but not a baby bot
tle. A can of beans can be sold, but
not a can opener.
■The Texas Blue Law has been
surrounded by confusion and con
troversy for many years.
■Recently, the confusion was inten-
; sifted when a Houston district judge
ruled the law unconstitutional.
■ District judge Tom Phillips’ deci
sion in the blue law trial involving
Harris County Handy Dan hard
ware stores will probably set a prece
dent in upcoming blue law trials.
Ln Dallas, Revco, Eckerd Drugs
and the Skaggs Co. also are challeng
ing the constitutionality of the law.
Even though lower courts in
Texas have repeatedly ruled the
blue law as unconstitutional, their
decisions have been reversed by the
State Supreme Court.
Will Rogers, an information clerk
with the attorney general’s office,
said the current status of the blue
law is up in the air.
The blue law 7 — named for the
color of paper on which the law v\ 7 as
originally printed — restricts sales of
42 types of merchandise on consec
utive weekend days.
Items that cannot be sold on Sun
day are kitchen ware, kitchen uten
sils, clothing, footwear, headwear,
wearing apparel, bed coverings,
toys, infant wear, rugs, tools, hard
ware, cutlery and lawn furniture.
The first blue law was passed in
Houston in 1839 for religious rea
sons. It prohibited the sale of malt li
quor on Sundays. Since that time,
the blue law has undergone several
renovations and even was repealed
once in 1868.
The current blue law, passed in
1961, resulted from changing retail
patterns. The advent of discount
chains and suburban shopping malls
caused downtown department stores
to lose weekend sales.
In 1960, some 1,400 companies
owning 8,000 stores started a push
for a blue law to restrict sales in an
attempt to prevent the loss of sales to
the newer and more convenient sub
urban stores.
When Texas passed the present
blue law in 1961, only nine states did
not have blue laws. Since then 21
states have repealed their blue laws
and courts in another four have de
clared them unconstitutional. Only
10 states, mostly in the South, still
enforce the blue law.
According to the September
newsletter from the state comptrol
ler’s office, the comptroller estimates
that sales tax revenue in fiscal year
1985 could increase by $13.5 million
if the blue law was repealed.
Massachusetts repealed its blue
law in March 1983. Analysts estimate
that the action brought in an extra
$27.9 million or 3.2 percent of the
total 1983 Massachusetts sales tax.
Blue law supporters argue that to
tal sales would not increase, because
consumers would still have the same
amount of money to spend. Propo
nents say the amount would just be
spread over seven days instead of
six.
Another reason given in support
of the blue law is the argument that
retail workers would not have a uni
form day off to spend time with
their families and would be unable
to attend church.
Black South African townships raided
Of you!
iur
lion
leaii
United Press International
■SEBOKF’NG, South Africa —
Biousands of soldiers and police
swept through the sprawling black
township of Sebokeng Tuesday, ar
resting hundreds of people in a pre-
dawn house-to-house raid aimed at
Hushing the worst black unrest since
1976 riots.
■The 7,000-member army-police
%ce marched into the nearby black
townships of Sharpeville and Boipa-
tong hours later after police fired
rubber bullets to disperse angry
crowds gathered in Sharpeville.
■At least 358 people were arrested,
alj but nine in Sebokeng. Residents
of the townships who had been ques
tioned and released were given
orange day-glow stickers to w'ear.
■News of the raid spread quickly to
the black townships ringing Johan
nesburg and reporters described the
atmosphere as “very tense.”
Law 7 and Order Minister Louis le
Grange said the massive operation,
code named “Bulrush,” was a move
to “rid the affected areas of criminal
and revolutionary elements.”
“The government has decided
that this lawlessness must be curbed
with all the available means and that
law and order be restored effecti
vely,” Le Grange said.
Anti-apartheid activists con
demned the sweep as a “declaration
of civil war.”
Bishop Desmond Tutu, secretary
general of the South African Coun
cil of Churches who won the 1984
Nobel Peace Prize, said he might cut
short his United States tour because
of the government action.
“It’s possible that the situation
could develop to such an extent that
I would feel that it was better for me
to be back home than here,” Tutu
said.
In Washington, State Department
spokesman John Hughes said the
United States “deeply regrets” the
action and called on the South Afri
can government to open discussions
with non-whites toAxpen the way for
political participation by all races.
“These repressive measures are
bound to obscure and put in ques
tion the South African government’s
professed intentions of dealing with
the problems of the country by re
form and consensus,” he said.
The massive raid marked the sec
ond time this month army troops
were deployed with police to curb
black unrest, the worst since rioting
in 1976, which has claimed the lives
of 80 blacks and one white.
The two months of unrest was
2 ered by rent hikes and the poor
ty of black schools, but has been
fueled by blacks’ resentment of
apartheid, the government’s system
of racial segregation that reserves
the best homes and jobs for whites
and excludes blacks from political
power.
Thousands of troops and police
swept into Sebokeng at 3 a.m., ring
ing the township 25 miles south of
Johannesburg and lining streets at
15-yard intervals. Police banged on
doors to rouse residents in a house-
to-house search of 20,000 homes.
In Today’s Battalion
Local
• United Way is a third of the way home to its $425,000
goal. See story page 4.
• Congressman Bill Archer will speak at a two-day tax con
ference. See story page5.
State
• The whooping cranes are expected to arrive on the
South Texas coast this week. See story page 6.