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Gulf War
Iraq vows to tighten blockade of Iraq's main oil terminal
United Press International
ABU DHABI, United Arab Emi
rates — Iraq vowed Monday to
tighten its blockade of Iran’s main
oil terminal in the Persian Gulf until
it cuts off the lifeblood of the enemy
Islamic regime.
“The Iraqi blockade of Kharg Is
land and Iranian ports on the Ara
bian (Persian) Gulf will continue and
will be further tightened until the
breath and veins of the rulers of
Iran are cut,” said A1 Thawra, the
daily newspaper of Iraq’s ruling
Baath Party.
The Iraqi threat came a day after
one of its French-made Super Eten-
dard jets fired an Exocet missile at a
325,000-ton Greek supertanker,
which was berthed at a western jetty
of Kharg Island, Greek officials said.
The Greek tanker, Alexander the
Great, was only slightly damaged
and none of its 26 crewmen were in
jured.
In its first comment on the Iraqi
attack on the tanker, Iran confirmed
the vessel had been hit “around the
island” facility but did not threaten
retaliation. Gulf diplomats said,
however, Iranian retaliation was
likely.
If Iran attempts to launch a hu
man-wave attack against Iraq, A1
Thawra said, “Iraq will be forced to
destroy Kharg Island.” Western in
telligence reports have indicated
Iran has some 500,000 troops
massed for such an offensive.
The attack shattered a two-week
calm in the so-called “tanker war”
between Iran and Iraq and was the
first against a vessel berthed at
Kharg Island. Some 40 neutral ships
have been hit by Iran or Iraq in the
Gulf this year.
Kharg is Iran’s chief oil export
outlet, pumping nearly 1.7 million
barrels of crude daily into tankers.
Iraq has repeatedly threatened to
destroy it to stem Iran’s oil revenues,
which fund its war effort.
The Iraqi threat dashed the hopes
of Gulf governments of a mediated
end to the war, which erupted in
September 1980 over territorial dis
putes.
Such hopes had been raised by the
June 12 partial cease-fire, which
called for both countries to cease at
tacks on civilians. The truce was me
diated by U.N. Secretary-General
Javier Perez de Cuellar.
Iraq charged that Iranian heavy
artillery Sunday night lobbed four
shells into a residential area of
Basra, Iraq’s second largest city.
U.S., Nicaragua have first formal talk
United Press International
MANZANILLO, Mexico — Amid
right security and official silence, top
U.S. and Nicaraguan officials Mon
day held the first formal talks be
tween the two nations intended to
ease tension in strife-torn Central
America.
U.S. Special Envoy Harry Shlau-
deman and Nicaraguan Deputy For
eign Minister Victor Hugo Tinoco
headed the delegations to the talks,
reported Nicaragua’s official radio,
La Voz de Nicaragua.
A U.S. Embassy spokesman in Ni
caragua said that U.S. Ambassador
to Nicaragua Harry E. Bergold also
was attending the meeting that
would last two days if the results
were positive.
The spokesman said that the dele
gations would break off the talks at
the end of the day if there was no
progress in improving strained rela
tions between Nicaragua’s leftist
Sandinista government and the Rea
gan administration.
The U.S. Embassy in Mexico City
and the Mexican Foreign Ministry
refused to confirm or deny the talks
were taking place.
In Washington, the White House
also declined to comment. “We have
from the start declined to comment
on the whereabouts of Shlaudeman’s
meetings,” spokesman Larry
Speakes said. The State Department
also refused to comment.
Mexico, which has promoted the
talks as a member of the four-nation
Contadora Group seeking peace in
Central America, was hosting but
not participating in the talks.
The Mexican Foreign Ministry
originally announced the country
would act as a witness to the meet
ing, but later reversed its earlier
statements, apparently because the
United States did not want any other
participants.
The Mexican government tight
ened security in the Pacific resort of
Manzanillo, located 315 miles west
of Mexico City, news reports and
residents said.
Security agents occupied 33
rooms in the Club Santiago, where
the delegations were reported to be
staying, the hotel manager said.
The meetings were to take place
inside the home of the state gover
nor located in the posh Club San
tiago residential area that lies 12
miles from Manzanillo, news reports
said.
Bergold, who flew to Manzanillo
Sunday, told reporters in the Mexico
City airport during a stopover that
his visit to the resort was “routine.”
Nicaragua says CIA helped rebels
United Press International
Nicaragua charged Monday that
the CIA was directing the airlift of
weapons and ammunition to Nicara
guan rebels fighting against the left
ist Sandinista government along the
southern border.
In El Salvador, the army pressed
its drive on leftist rebel bastions in
northeastern Morazan province,
where U.S.-supplied A-37 “Drag
onfly” warplanes bombed suspected
guerrilla positions, a military source
said.
Meanwhile in San Salvador, Jesse
Jackson met with Roman Catholic
Auxiliary Bishop Gregorio Rosa
Chavez before heading to make his
moral appeal for peace to President
Jose Napoleon Duarte.
In another diplomatic effort, U.S.
Special Envoy Harry Shlaudeman
and Nicaraguan Deputy Foreign
Minister Victor Hugo Tinoco began
talks in the Mexican resort of Man
zanillo in an attempt to reduce ten
sions in Central America.
Nicaraguan Army Capt. Bosco
Centeno charged that rebels of the
Democratic Revolutionary Alliance,
known as ARDE, were receiving
weapons and ammunition flown in
by U.S. C-47 and DC-3 planes to five
airstrips located a few miles from the
Nicaraguan border.
“These are the same planes that
have been detected in the northern
zone, which are being diverted now
toward the (southern) region with
logistics provided by the CIA,” Cen
teno said in comments published in
Barricada, the official Sandinista
newspaper.
“We do not discard the possibility
that they can also be transporting
troops from the Nicaraguan Demo
cratic Front,” Centeno said.
The Nicaraguan Democratic
Front is a separate rebel group fight
ing in northern Nicaragua that has
received $55 million in U.S. assis
tance.
Centeno said that spy flights by U-
2 and SR-71 U.S. military planes
were aiding in airlifting the supplies
to the rebels concentrated near the
Costa Rican border.
The ARDE rebels are led by Eden
Pastora, a hero of Nicaragua’s leftist
Sandinista revolution turned rebel,
who is currently recovering in a
Venezuelan hospital after being in
jured by an assassin’s bomb May 30.
Centeno said that the ARDE
forces on the southern border are
“almost destroyed” by the latest
army operation.
In the fighting in El Salvador, the
army killed 10 rebels in the latest
fighting in a counter-insurgency
drive against guerrilla positions in
Morazan province north of the To-
rola River, about 75 miles northeast
of San Salvador, said Col. Herson
Napoleon Calito.
Tuesday, June 26, 1984/The Battalion/Page 3
Supreme Court
decides for EPA
United Press International
WASHINGTON — The Rea
gan administration won a key vic
tory Monday at the Supreme
Court in a protracted battle with
environmentalists over relaxing
some national air pollution regu
lations.
The justices, ruling 6-0, struck
down a decision that the Environ
mental Protection Agency vio
lated the Clean Air Act when it
tried to change emissions rules
primarily affecting the nation’s
steel and petrochemical plants.
The controversy involves a ma
jor regulatory shift that was one
of a series of a dozen or more
changes in air quality rules the
EPA implemented in response to
President Reagan’s campaign to
reduce pollution-control costs for
industry.
The ruling affects federal reg
ulation of such major air pollut
ants as sulfur dioxide, identified
as a cause of acid rain; ozone and
nitrogen oxides, which cause
smog, and soot and dust, which
are linked to respiratory illnesses.
The EPA and the oil and steel
industries had challenged a ruling
by a federal appeals court in
Washington invalidating the EPA
policy defining a pollution source
as an entire plant rather than a
specific part of a plant.
Writing for the court. Justice
John Paul Stevens said the agen
cy’s treatment of all pollution-
emitting devices at a plant “as
though they were encased within
a single ’bubble’” is a reasonable
interpretation of the law.
Congress tried to strike a bal
ance between “the economic in
terest in permitting capital im
provements to continue and the
environmental interest in improv
ing air quality,” he said.
While the Carter administra
tion applied a stricter definition,
the Reagan administration’s EPA
has also adopted “a reasonable
fjolicy choice,” Stevens concluded.
Three justices — Thurgood
Marshall, William Rehnquist and
Sandra Day O’Connor — did not
take part in deciding the case. Jus
tice O’Connor’s family owned
stock in one company involved.
In other action Monday, the
court:
• Ruled 7-2 that federal labor
laws protect illegal aliens from be
ing fired for union activities and
that an employer who called fed
eral agents seeking to have such
workers deported was guilty of an
unfair labor practice.
• Unanimously ruled that
public defenders are not immune
from lawsuits by disgruntled cli
ents.
• Ruled 8-0 that people in
volved in class action suits can file
individual lawsuits to pursue dis
putes not contained in the matter
representing the class.
Court refuses to hear
political asylum case
United Press International
SAN ANTONIO — A Supreme
Court ruling Monday ended a 7-year
struggle by Mexican socialist Hector
Marroquin to gain political asylum in
the United States.
The high court in Washington re
fused to review the case of Marro
quin, 30, who asked for asylum in
1977 when he was detained by Im
migration and Naturalization Serv
ice officials at Eagle Pass, Texas.
Marroquin has maintained that he
would be persecuted in Mekico for
his political activities in the 1960s.
INS officials in San Antonio and
Houston said Friday they did not
know Marroquin’s whereabouts and
that his case file had been trans
ferred to different cities during the
seven years the case was pending.
District INS Director Richard Ca
sillas said in San Antonio that the
long litigation “just illustrates how
defenseless this country is to the
aliens.”
Marroquin, 30, fled to the United
States in April 1974 and took up res
idence in Houston, where he said he
worked in the Barbary Coast bar us
ing the name Robert Zamora.
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