r
d men in
1980s, he
upational
iad about
elative to
■he begin-
mien who
led about
s men.”
Jies have
ialf of the
nee can be
arsasedu-
rience and
ic suppon
programs
aken, said
National Vigil
Members of the Brazos County
Mothers Against Drunk Drivers
gathered for a vigil Monday night
to remember those in Brazos
County who were killed in the past
year by drunk drivers. About 30
people, including College Station
mayor Gary Halter attended the
vigil. The group lit a candle each
time a name was read.
Tuesday, December 13, 1983/The Battalion/Page 7
Women’s labor movement
shifting family work roles
United Press International
AUSTIN — Women’s in
creased movement into the
labor force is the “most impor
tant labor market development”
of the 20th century, says a Uni
versity of Texas professor and
former cabinet official.
Ray Marshall, labor secretary
in the Carter administration,
noted the number of working
women rose from 34 percent of
the work force in 1950 to more
than 52 percent in 1981.
Marshall predicts women will
make up two-thirds of the
growth in the labor force during
this decade.
“In 1950, 70 percent of the
American households were
headed by men whose income
was the sole source of family in
come,” he said. “Today, less
than 15 percent of the house
holds fit this traditional model,
even though many of the na
tion’s employment policies
assume it still to be pervasive.”
For that reason, Marshall re
commends “more systematic
policies which deal with the real
ity that women are permanent
and integral parts of the labor
force and that the traditional
pattern of men being the only
family income earners is obso
lete.”
Marshall’s comments were
made in an analysis he prepared
for the Women’s Research and
Education Institute of the Con
gressional Caucus for Women’s
Issues.
U.S. labor market policies
should take into account career
selection and development,
childbearing and re-entry into
the work force, ability to enter
nontraditional jobs and health
care for women, he said.
In the future, Marshall said
there may be a complication for
working women ranging in age
from 25 to 44.
“In 1975 there were only 39
million people in this category,”
he said. “By 1990 there will be
over 60 million. This will greatly
intensify job competition among
workers between the ages of 25
and 44, who will constitute over
half of the work force in 1990.”
Marshall also noted women
continue to lag behind men in
earnings.
At the start of the 1980s, he
said “despite some occupational
upgrading, women had about
the same earnings relative to
men that they had at the begin
ning of the 1970s. Women who
worked full time earned about
60 percent as much as men.”
Marshall said studies have
found that less than half of the
gross earnings difference can be
attributed to such factors as edu
cation, training, experience and
skill requirements.
“The large unexplained re
sidual is attributable to overt and
institutional discrimination,
especially job segregation,” he
said.
Only through public support
for affirmative action programs
can the trend be broken, said
Marshall.
“Experience suggests that the
major impetus for change must
come from women themselves,
and effective change requires
careful analyses of institutions
and power relationships and the
development of effective tactics
to achieve change,” he said.
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Strake criticizes Gov. White
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United Press International
AUSTIN — Texas Republi
can Party Chairman George
Strake Monday accused Gov.
Mark White of being soft on
crime for seeking to commute
life sentences given to prison in
mates under the state’s old habi
tual criminal law.
“I think Mark White is show
ing more compassion for the re
peat offenders than for victims
and creating a policy that sends
the wrong signal to those who
contemplate crimes against our
dtizens,” Strake said.
In a letter last September,
White asked the Board of Par
dons and Paroles to review and
recommend commutations for
habitual criminals ineligible for
5 parole.
ora - 1 When he wrote the letter,
White noted that lawmakers had
changed the state’s habitual cri
minal law, which called for auto
matic life sentences for people
convicted of three felonies.
He also cited a U.S. Supreme
Court case that said life sent
ences for habitual criminals are
not unconstitutional in general,
but may be so if the crimes do
not fit the punishment.
Since receiving White’s letter,
Strake said, the parole board has
advised district attorneys that
several hundred inmates might
have their sentences commuted.
In one instance, Strake said,
Harris County District Attorney
John Holmes was advised that
one inmate with 20 prior convic
tions and another with 10 con
victions were being considered
for commutation.
“These are mostly habitual
robbers, drug users and forgers,
people who have already shown
that they will steal again,” Strake
said. “That’s why the juries of
Texas put them away for life.”
Under the new habitual
offender law, which does not
apply to inmates convicted
under the old statute, a judge or
jury has the discretion of order
ing a prison term ranging from
to be speo-
get whictii- 1
ears,
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illy factual-
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25 years to life for three-time
losers.
The change in the habitual
criminal law was recommended
by former Gov. Bill Clements’
Blue Ribbon Commission on
Criminal Justice but opposed by
the prosecutors.
White responded to Strake’s
criticism by saying he had not
recommended any early re
leases as yet, but merely had in
structed the parole board to con
sider the possibility of commut
ing certain sentences.
If White does commute any
life sentences assessed under the
old law, a set term for the crime
would be established and the in
mate would be eligible for
parole when one-third of the
term was served.
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Atheists plan
winter display
United Press International
AUSTIN — The winter sea
son, officially known as Winter
Solstice, begins Dec. 21, and the
American Atheist Center said
Monday it will mark the event by
tecting a lighted sign atop its
luilding that says “Merry Sol
stice.”
Gerald Tholen, vice presi
dent of the American Atheists,
said the sign will remain on dis
may until spring arrives March
I “The peoples of the world
Reserve to have their legtimate
annual times of celebration re
turned to them,” he said. “Reli
gious mythologies played no
tart in the establishment of this
nistoric natural event.
| Tholen said the equinoxes
and the solstices “have been his
torically confiscated by absurd
ideological religious leaders
Over the ages.”
■ The Winter and Summer Sol
stices refer to the distance of the
sun from the equator when days
?re the longest or shortest. The
equinoxes mark the time when
the sun crosses the equator,
<inaking night and day of equal
length worldwide.
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