THE BATTALION
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 26, 1980
Page 3
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consequences they’ve had. You can’t
i achieve good objectives by bad
means. Good objectives are flawed
; by bad means offorce and coercion.”
i Then Friedman said he didn’t
want to dwell on the abstract, but
wanted to get closer to home, so he
talked about the financing of higher
I education institutions such as Texas
A&M.
“No other government program
I imposes burdens on the low income
I people for the benefit of middle and
I upper income classes like the financ-
ling of higher education, ” Friedman
I said.
He said that the average income of
I those who pay taxes for others to go
I to school is vastly lower than the av-
I erage income of a graduate or of the
I family that sends a student to school.
1 He asked the audience to justify that
Ion equity grounds.
I Then Friedman struck at another
1 sacred cow: social security.
“Lower income classes start to
Iwork at age 16 and 17, no later than
H 18 years old,” he said. “But we in the
middle class are lucky if our children
[are self-supporting by age 25. So the
[lower income class pays taxes for
[more years and usually dies earlier.”
Friedman concluded by saying he
8 often challenges audiences to name a
I significant government reform in
tended to help distribute income
from upper to lower class that suc
ceeds in doing it.
“Will our society have the will and
sense to disband the aspects of these
programs that have become a fai
lure?” Friedman asked.
He said he’s optimistic from the
long run point of view and is encour
aged by the public’s popular will to
limit federal spending.
“This is a democracy and sooner or
later, it will prevail. We shall learn
from our experience and correct it.”
Samuelson began his presentation
by saying he and Friedman had been
friends for a long time. He said he
once told his students that if Milton
Friedman had not existed, we would
have had to invent him.
Samuelson, too, questioned the ti
tle of the program, said that maybe
the focus of the program was a bit
misplaced and instead of centering
on the roles of government in the
market, the talk should be on the
roles of society in relation to the
market.
“The question I want to address
goes outside economics,” he said.
“What do we know of political eco
nomy and what do we know of econo
mics? Is an economy organized pri
marily on market principles and a
stable one? The question I’m asking
is of political stability, not its econo
mic stability.”
“It’s pointless to inquire which is
more important, the market or the
state,” Samuelson said. “That’s as
pointless to inquire which is more
important, heredity or environment.
Without heredity we wouldn’t be
here, but without environment
there would be no human beings.”
Then Samuelson seemingly unin
tentionally got a laugh from the audi
ence when he said, “Before I leave
the common sense behind and take
up economics, let me emphasize one
more thing: order in society is as im
portant to economic well being as is
technology, capital and equipment
and labor skill.”
Samuelson said the one thing ab
out a democracy with all its ineffi
ciency is that everything hangs up.
He said you know exactly what tem
perature is below the surface, but
the one thing about imposing a poli
tical order is you can never know
what the temperature is below.
In conclusion, the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology professor
said, “Economically in the long run,
the worst thing that could happen
would be to draw the battle lines for a
final showdown on that which should
be rendered to the market and that
which should be rendered to the
state.”
Both economists answered ques
tions from the audience and from the
press at the end of their presenta
tions.
By ROBERT LEE
Campus Reporter
Adapting to life in another country
can be hard, but for five Chinese
mainlanders at Texas A&M Univer
sity, the rewards have outweighed
some of the difficulties.
Three of the Chinese are studying
and doing chemical research on rare
earth elements. They have been
working since September with
Minoru Tsutsui, a chemistry pro
fessor.
Zhang Rong-Ben, 39, and Chen
Li-Ban, 36, are research associates
from the Institutes of Chemistry in
Peking. Yand Jihusa, 40, is from the
Chung Chung Institute of Upright
Chemistry in northeast China.
Zhang and Chen plan to stay at the
University for two years while Yand
will be here for four.
“Our country is very rich in rare
earth elements (mainly lanthanum, a
metal), and we have come here to
learn how to use them as catalysts,”
Chen said.
A catalyst is a substance which
speeds up or slows a chemical reac
tion without itself being consumed.
In China, rare earth catalysts are
used in industry , Tsutsui said.
The three Chinese researchers
said that they do not have the know
ledge or equipment in China to do
their own research.
“The cultural revolution has held
us back,” Chen siad. But, he pre
dicted that within 10 years, China
will be able to compete with the Un
ited States in rare earth chemistry.
Two other Chinese mainlanders
are also studying at Texas A&M.
Zhang Jianhua, 35, works under
Hans Schuessler, an associate pro
fessor of physics. Zhang has been
working in Schuessler’s laser labora
tory since he arived in January.
Cheng Ke-di, works with Chemistry
professor Ian Scott. Cheng is a re
search associate from a Peking
medical institute, studying plant
alkaloids.
The group’s most difficult problem
has been learning English. They all
watch television: Chen says it im
proves oral comprehension. But, he
said that the University has been
helpful and patient with everyone in
the group.
“We appreciate the University
very much,” he said. Everyone is
kind and we live a happy life here.” ;
The five Chinese will go back to
their families in China as soon as they
complete their studies. And when
they get back, they say they will put
to work what they have learned to
help modernize their country.
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