THE BATTALION
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 1980
Page 9
world
ar within a war still rages
mong black Rhodesia rebels
Gold prices rise;
dollar up and down
United Press International
KEZI, Rhodesia— From the air,
^iiij Jjatabeleland is a picture of granite
ills and green valleys. From the
pen:'; ground, what stands out in this area
■tv of southwestern Rhodesia are the
wbist scars and the hatred,
niiiiij® The hate is not directed at white-
led government forces who punished
Qp black civilians for assisting guerrillas,
T® but at Robert Mugabe’s Zimbabwe
i Hffican National Liberation Army,
-which for two years sought control
/ ' J -over a populaton loyal mostly to
t JoshuaNkomo and his separate guer-
ac rilla army.
Speaking a different language, us-
H^'ing brutality to counter civilian hos-
umfei^ity- the Mugabe guerrillas —
NLA for short — were much like
reign occupiers. They were treated
as such by Nkomo’s Zimbabwe Peo
ple’s Revolutionary Army, known as
ZIPRA.
The British-sponsored Rhodesian
cease-fire largely put a stop to the
fighting, including the conflict be
tween rival guerrillas. Spokesmen
for both camps insist the battle be
tween them has ended.
But Rhodesian intelligence ex
perts assert it has barely begun.
The “war within the war” raged
despite the technical alliance of the
two armies within the Patriotic
Front, formed in 1976. But attempts
at military unity never got beyond
the stage of rhetoric. One reason
was a long history of tribal hatred.
Another was personal rivalry be
tween Nkomo and the Marxist-
leaning Mugabe.
Political unity was virtually ruled
out when Mugabe’s party rejected
Nkomo’s appeals for a joint campaign
in the independence election sche
duled for late February.
Between last April and Decem
ber, when the cease-fire went into
effect, police recorded 44 faction
fights in Kezi — Nkomo’s home dis
trict — compared with 63 between
Mugabe guerrillas and Rhodesian
troops.
For 10 months, police say, Nko
mo’s men avoided conflict with
Rhodesian forces, encouraged civi
lians to report the movements of
Mugabe’s guerrillas to the author
ities and concentrated on flushing
out Mugabe’s ZANLA forces.
ZANLA’s thrust into Matebele-
land began in 1977. Mugabe, com
mitting three times as many men to
the struggle as his rival, complained
that Nkomo was not doing his share.
The scores of ZANLA guerrilla di
aries that fell into Rhodesian hands
tell not only of clashes with Nkomo’s
men but of systematic attempts to
indoctrinate civilians politically.
The political split goes back to the
1964 breakaway of a faction Mugabe
came to rule. Mugabe charged that
Nkomo was too soft on white rule.
But an underlying factor was — and
is — tribal.
Mugabe’s adherents mostly are
from Shona-speaking tribes which
form the bulk of the population.
Nkomo’s main support is from the
Sindebele-speaking Matebeles and
Kalangas.
The Matebeles, an offshoot of the
Zulu nation, invaded this country
from South Africa in the 1800s,
slaying men of the Shona tribes and
taking their women as wives. Today
Arab and Jewish women
live in peace — in prison
the Matabeles and Kalangas — Nko
mo is a Kalanga— make up about 20
percent of the population.
The Matebele raids still rankle
among Shona-speaking tribesmen.
“ZANLA kept telling us they
would kill all the men and take the
women just like the Matebele did,”
said Shieka Buklalo, a refugee living
at Kezi village.
Mrs. Buklalo said she and her five
children fled because of ZANLA
harassment and lived three weeks in
the bush — “like animals, covered
with ticks” — until they reached the
village.
Lucia Moyo, another refugee,
said, “I ran away because they made
me sing from sunrise to sunset. I
couldn’t sing in Shona. Sometimes I
refused. I was kicked in the stomach
and for two weeks I passed urine full
of blood. ”
Black nationalists blame a tradi-
tonal white policy of divide-and-rule
for much of the factional fighting.
They point to former white Prime
Minister Ian Smith’s attempts to
wean Nkomo from the Patriotic
Front alliance, once meeting Nkomo
in secret. Mugabe made no attempt
to conceal his anger when the news
leaked.
United Press International
LONDON — The price of gold
rose in Europe Monday, and the dol
lar gained in some European coun
tries and fell in others.
Gold opened in Zurich at $707.50
an ounce, an increase of $15 over Fri
day’s closing price of $692.50. In
London gold opened at $718.50 an
ounce, a $21 increase over Friday’s
$697.50 closing price.
“There was only moderate busi
ness despite the rise in the gold
price,” said Samuel Montagu, a deal
er for bullion brokers.
“The dollar eased on speculation
that the central banks were selling
dollars. This also pushed gold
higher.”
The dollar fell in West Germany,
France and Britain, but increased
slightly in Switzerland, Holland,
Belgium and Italy.
In London the pound sterling rose
from $2.2985 to $2.3040.
The price of gold closed at $698.50
an ounce today at the Hong Kong
Chinese and Silver Exchange in
quiet trading. Market sources said
there were no fresh news develop
ments to initiate an upsurge.
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United Press International
RAMLE, Israel — Inside Israel’s
Inly women’s prison, Lt. Col. Raya
Epstein looked fondly at a color
snapshot of a smiling Palestinian ter-
irist.
This is Rima,” she said. “Rima
'as definitely one of my favorites. ”
Rima Tannous was one of two
'alestinians left alive after Israeli
oops stormed a hijacked Sabena
anZi - jetliner at Tel Aviv’s Lod airport in
1972. She was released from Neve
irza women’s prison in a prisoner
sxchange last year.
Epstein, 57, a lieutenant colonel
in Israel’s prison service, has been
lirector of Neve Tirza prison since
1968, ushering through its imposing
green gates a stream of women cap
tured by Israel for guerrilla activity.
“As soon as these .girls .forpe
toil
tve to
through the gates, they become just
ilain human beings,” Epstein said.
We have to forget what they’ve
done as terrorists.’
A locked gate and fence separate
|he building housing security prison-
• ••••
ers from those sentenced for other
offenses like prostitution, drug abuse
and theft. Security is as stringent for
the 70 women now locked inside its
high walls as at the men’s prison next
door, Epstein said. Visits by outside
observers are rare.
One of 20 current security inmates
is Zakia Ashamut, 33, stirring a pot of
potatoes in the prisoners’ kitchen.
She is serving a life sentence for
helping plant bombs in crowded
Haifa streets in 1971. Her five chil
dren, one born in the prison, are
wards of the United Nations.
The only security prisoner cur
rently at Neve Tirza who is not
Israeli or from the occupied territor
ies is Brigitte Schulz of Heidelburg,
West Germany. She was captured
in 1976, part of a group that tried to
shoot dqwp an El Al jetliner jn Nairo
bi, I^enya.
For her first 18 months in the pris
on, beginning in June 1977, she was
isolated from other prisoners. An
Israeli military court sentenced her
to a 10-year prison term in Septem
ber. She takes a cold view of Neve
Tirza.
“It’s a prison, with everything that
does to your thinking and character,”
she said.
About one security prisoner —
Terri Fleener from San Antonio,
Texas, who spent 20 months in the
prison for photographing Israeli
military installations for the Palesti
nians — Epstein has no sentimen
tality.
Fleener, released in June, “was
childish,” Epstein said. “She would
lie to me and get into fights with the
other prisoners over things like
magazines. ”
One prison official said discipline
is most difficult to keep after reports
of successful Palestinian guerrilla
attacks in Israel. Arab and Israeli
prisoners are then separated to pre
vent fights.
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