Page 2B THE BATTALION
MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 1979
Ice Age man called superior (^0V0rniX10Ilt
United Press International
LONDON — Modern man likes
to think of himself as the inheritor of
the Earth but Prof. Valerius Geist
suggests it is time to stop bragging.
He thinks the most impressive
human of them all lived back in the
Ice Age.
Geist suggests in a provocative
theory published in New Scientist
that only conditions of abundant re
sources produce really healthy indi
viduals and Ice Age man not only
lived in such an environment but he
regulated his population to prevent
its destruction.
It’s been down and up for the
human race ever since, said the
University of Calgary
environmentalist, but the Ice Age
represented a sort of peak.
“Bronze age and early middle-age
Europeans also had eyecatching de
velopment, larger in average body
size than present-day Europeans,”
Geist said. “Phenotypic develop
ment (the qualities acquired by a
group) deteriorated thereafter, fal
ling to a low during the Industrial
Revolution.
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He said recovery towards ‘normal’
development may still be in
progress” — the growth increases of
the recent decades — “but on aver
age we are still less well developed
than some earlier humans.”
Geist said his theory came to him
during ecological studies he carried
out in Canada’s St. Elias Range
which contains some 12,000 square
miles of ice within massive glaciers.
Contrary to popular belief, he said,
glaciers are not hostile to life and at
their edges produce conditions
highly favorable to large mammals
— of which Man is one.
He reached the conclusion that
Ice Age Man had a hunting diet of
animal products only occasionally
supplemented with vegetables.
“They worked excruciatingly hard
to gain tactical hunting skills against
a dozen species of very dangerous
facest
nuclear test suit
large mammals,
“Confrontation hunting (closing
in on prey) demanded superb
strategic judgement, great bodily
dexterity and skills in using
weapons, great courage and un
flinching loyalty to the hunting
companions. ”
United Press International
LAS VEGAS, Nev. — Atomic
Energy Commission officials
gathered shortly after dawn at the
Nevada Test Site on Dec. 18, 1970,
to conduct an underground nuclear
test codenamed “Baneberry.
The weapons-related device was
one of the series of AEG nuclear
tests spanning two decades at the
desert facility, about 100 miles
north of Las Vegas.
Something went wrong. The force
of the underground blast tore open a
315-foot-long fissure in the earth’s
surface, less than 100 yards from
ground zero. A radioactive cloud
emerged.
Now, eight years later, nearly
three months of testimony has been
presented in a Las Vegas courtroom
on whether two men died from ef
fects of the escaped radiation, and
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whether the government was at
fault.
An official close to the govern
ment’s case said the outcome of the
trial, expected later this year, could
have far-reaching effects in hun
dreds of claims involving millions of
dollars filed by persons who say they
were exposed to fallout from Nevada
atmospheric tests in the 1950s and
1960s.
Baneberry, designed by the
Lawrence Radiation Laboratory in
California, was intended to be a rel
atively low-yield explosion, be-
The force of the underground
blast tore open a 315-foot-long
fissure in the earth's surface,
less than 100 yards from ground
zero. A radioactive cloud
emerged.
moved to Las Vegas in 1966 where
he got a job with Wackenhut Serv
ices, Inc.
Roberts and a dozen other secu
rity guards arrived at the camp at
about 8:30 a.m. and ran from trailer
to trailer, urging the men to leave.
The cloud, he said, engulfed the
camp.
When the camp finally was
evacuated between 9:30 and 10,
Roberts was ordered to set up a
roadblock at Dead Horse Flats, sev
eral miles northwest of the camp.
While the other security guards and
the camp residents were gathered at
a central point several miles south of
the camp for a radiation check,
Roberts remained at the roadblock
until late afternoon when officials
ordered him in for decontamination.
Test site welder William
The charges concern
United Pi
Ikingstri
ousands of f
uth, most
ban centers
nger viewed
[nity where
tion and drilling; failure to« rtion of the
the work camp prior to tlie| f
ure to adequately train test
sonnel and plan for an ej
evacuation; failure to provijfi
with protective clothing, j
delay in decontaminating Ej
Justice Department atti
William Elliott and JohnH
maintain the accidental B;
venting occurred when
saturated soil geologic fault
Both sides agree that t^B ateS .
issue in the case is whet* ^’ s true
Baneberry radiation cansi
men’s leukemias and
deaths.
The vast m
th jobs in st
ries followir
:ars to be er
Thousands
hites, have
any others \
rrth just 10
nine now, sa
id a better I
:onomic bo
such
The charges concern sil(|
tion and drilling; fai\i
Nunamaker, 61, who lived in one of evacuate the work cam^
the trailers at the camp during the the test; failure to
lieved to be equivalent to less than
20,000 tons of TNT. It was buried in
a 910-foot vertical shaft at Yucca Flat
in the northeastern part of the
850,000-acre research facility.
Frank Cluff, the AEG deputy test
manager at NTS and Baneberry
project manager, said that when the
blast was detonated at 7:30 a.m.,
scientists at the control point 19
miles south of the blast site “saw the
normal shock wave and dust cloud
on television monitors linked to re
mote cameras focused on ground
zero.
Three minutes later, a shadow
passed across one monitor. Part of a
cloud was visible in one corner of
the screen. Cluff said he waited for
the remote radiation monitor
readings and went outside to take a
look at the “vertical cloud of dust,
Obviously radioactive material.
Winds in the area were forecast to
blow about four knots to the north
and east. As was common practice,
security guards swept areas north
and east of ground zero to evacuate
non-essential personnel. A work
camp with 900 men, located 3.5
miles northwest of the Baneberry
detonation point, was not
evacuated.
However, the winds shifted. Be
tween 7:38 a.m. and 8 a.m. the light
winds gradually turned towards the
southeast, then towards the south
west and finally, began blowing to
wards the camp. Cluff said he or
dered an evacuation at 8:05 a.m.
One of the guards ordered into
the camp was Harley Roberts, 50, a
former Indiana truck driver who
week, boarded a bus that morning
and went to his job in a tunnel oper
ation a short distance north of the
campsite. A short time after he ar
rived at the tunnel, he was ordered
to reboard the bus and his crew was
evacuated.
Roberts and Nunamaker com
plained they felt increasingly tired
and weak in 1972 and 1973. Both
men died of myeloid leukemia in
1974. Their widows filed suit against
the U.S. government.
The non-jury trial on the widows’
civil suits began in U.S. District
Court in Las Vegas on Jan. 16 before
Judge Roger Foley.
Dorothy Roberts originally
sought $3.5 million. That amount
train test site personnels
for an emergency eiacni
failure to provide
protective clothing, m
delay in decontaminating
Roberts.
re,
leasar.
While her:
of her sp;
which sli
leasar talked
Ihe was to 1
lustle” of Ne
“I don’t mi
reed-thin,
lorn houseci
T was fed
ho fled Sou
use she “di
st of my life
An official close to the govern
ment's case said the outcome of
the trial, expected later this
year, could have far-reaching
effects in hundreds of claims in
volving millions of dollars filed
by persons who say they were
exposed to fallout from Nevada
atmospheric tests in the 1950s
and 1960s.
Eighty-six persons, ii
Roberts and Nunamaker, i*
enough radiation exposm
Baneberry to require
tion. Government records^
into evidence show Rok!
ceived approximately one
of gamma radiation and Ni
was exposed to somewhatle
Testifying for the wido»
Alice Stewart, a British
and epidemiologist, saidli
men’s deaths from a ran
marrow leukemia was an
occurrence. The 71-year-oli
tist said the chances of ta
given group of 86 men coil
myeloid leukemia natural!
“three in 10,000.”
Dr. Stewart, involved ii
radiation studies since Worlo
including an examination
level radiation effects on
workers at Hanford, Wash,,
believes low-level radiation) nation regi
was reduced to $625,000 shortly be
fore the trial’s start. Louise
Nunamaker’s request for a $1 mil
lion judgment was lowered to
$520,000.
Larry Johns, the women’s attor
ney, alleges the government was
guilty of 20 acts of negligence be
fore, during and after the Baneberry
detonation.
is highly improbable that th
of two Nevada Test Site m with Arens
1974 from myeloid leukeii
have occurred for reasons)
radiation,” she testified,
testimony was echoed by
epidemiologist.
Dr. Shields Warren, pf on the otb
emeritus at Harvard Uni
Medical School and the first
of biology and medicine
ATTENTION
AEG, told the court radiatif interest in
vr
MSC
Town Hall
the Baneberry blast was, “
sonable medical certainty
cause of Roberts’ leukemia,
tiffed he could not be cert#
Nunamaker.
The government present
weeks of defense testimoi
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claim that t
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“Despite
the authoi
act as a soc
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he argues,
practice. Ii
time to tin
Anthrop
to believe
“It is pe
story fan fa
Innumeral
by their in
bestiality t
“It is al
naive abou
the cases
literature i
“But to ;
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two of the
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