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|U.N. forces use patience
THE BATTALION Page 13
THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 1979
mainly
United Press International
(EBELES SAK1, Lebanon — Pa-
K nee is the main weapon of United
itions peacekeeping troops in
Iputh Lebanon.
fOur negotiations with the two
ides take much of our time,” Maj.
ivkl Crooning of the Norwegian
I,N. battalion. “Patience is our
lain weapon.
The United Nations Interim
iree in Lebanon (UNIFIL) was
ployed along the Litani River
m the Mediterranean to the Sy-
n border last April as a buffer be-
een Christian militias and Pales-
lian guerrillas when the Israeli
y withdrew after its blitz inva-
m in March.
The 5,150 UNIFIL troops from
Norway, Ireland, France, Nepal,
Nigeria, Senegal and Fiji were
mandated to clear the area of gun
men and prepare its hand-over to
Lebanese authorities.
North of the UNIFIL strip, some
5,000 to 6,000 Palestinian guerrillas
plus radical Lebanese Moslem
militiamen hold virtual control up to
the Zahrani river south of Sidon.
Some 1,500 Israeli-backed Chris
tian irregulars control the nine-mile
area along the Israeli border, south
of the U.N. buffer.
“We are neutral. We are under
strict orders to use our weapons
only if needed to save our own
lives,” said Capt. Ole Ostgaard.
“We have patrols with dogs who
walk the area day and night,” Gron-
ning said.
“There are three kinds of dogs,
tracers used for patrols, mine-
sniffers used by pioneer troops who
defuse mines, and explosive-sniffers
used at checkpoints.”
Gronning said fields and roads
had been mined by both by the
Palestinians, before they retreated
during the Israeli invasion, and by
the Israelis prior to their withdrawal
in April.
“We find U.S. and Soviet mines
side by side,” he said.
Ostgaard said negotiations solve
most problems between the U.N.
units and the battling factions.
“Recently we went to Hasbaya,
which is controlled by a radical
Palestinian group, to buy propane
gas for our cookers. Before, we got
our supplies from Israel, but we
have started to buy locally to sup
port the Lebanese economy,”
Ostgaard said.
“But when we got to Hasbaya, the
shop owner quickly locked his store
and left. We were told the guerrillas
believed we had been oversupply
ing and providing propane gas to the
Christian militias.”
He said he arranged a meeting
with the guerrilla leaders and ex
plained to them that UNIFIL was
favoring neither side and that
supplies were bought only for UN
IFIL use.
“They saw our point and said we
were welcome to shop at Hasbaya.
We will meet once a week from now
on, at their request,” Ostgaard said.
Standing outside the bombed
church of Ebel Es Saki, he
motioned across a shallow valley to
the village of Marjayoun on the op
posite hilltop.
“That’s the headquarters of Maj.
Saad Haddad, and those are his ar
tillery positions,” he said, pointing
at six sandbagged cannon emplace
ments. Haddad commands a re
negade unit of the Lebanese Army
and the southern Christian militias.
“He maintains two observers at
one of our checkpoints, where we
search people and cars for weapons,
in order to stop infiltration of armed
elements,” Ostgaard said. “One
Sunday the two observers decided
our checking was too slack. Had
dad’s people started shelling the
checkpoint with 120mm artillery,
dropping shells as close as 70 yards
(m) to show their displeasure.”
Asked what it felt like, sitting
with Israelis on Mount Hermon to
the east, the PLO to the north and
Lebanese Christians to the west and
south, Gronning said:
“That’s our job. We are here to
try to decrease tensions, and we
have to sit in the middle.”
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United Press International
SHENGLI, China — In just 14 years, the 200,000 people of
Shengli have built China’s second largest oil field, producing more
than 128 million barrels of oil a year.
Shengli (Victory) near the mouth of the Yellow River ranks next in
importance to the famous Taching oil field near the Soviet border.
Men and women work on the rigs and the women also grow 22,000
tons of rice annually in about 17,000 acres of reclaimed and irrigated
nd.
Shengli and other new oil fields like it are vital to China’s
modernization program aimed at making China an advanced indus
trial country by the end of this century.
Oil will have to pay for the transfusions of European, Japanese and
American industrial knowhow needed to bring this about.
Shengli is a crude oil production center, not a petrochemical corn-
lex. It’s reserves are secret. Officials say most of its production is for
domestic use, although some is exported.
Three pipelines deliver Shengli oil to the outside world. One,
completed in 1974, runs to the Huang Tao tanker port near the city of
Tsingtao at the tip of the Shantung peninsula. Another, built last
year, links the oil field to Nanking in the south.
A third connects the field with Chipo City where a large refining
complex is located. All pipelines carry both oil and natural gas.
Shengli officials say the complex at Chipo can produce 300,000 tons of
ammonia a year, the only statistic they furnished.
Shengli itself has only a small refinery that makes products for local
use like ammonia and gasoline. This refinery is attached to the East
ern Petroleum Institute, Shengli’s technical college, and is partly a
training facility.
Shengli has used quite a bit of foreign equipment in its time. Its
managers and working-level engineers say they are eager to acquire
American equipment, especially for drilling and extracting.
A computer installed by France’s C.I.I. processes results of seismic
testing. Dresser Corp. of the United States installed logging facilities
over a one-year period ending in 1978. Smith Drilling Bit Co., also a
U.S. firm, has supplied bits and anti-corrosion pipe.
Some Soviet-made drilling rigs were used in Shengli’s early days.
Now all rigs are Chinese, officials of the field said, except for one from
Romania, which is being used for Shengli’s deepest test boring
project.
Shengli officials say the deepest productive well at present is a
16,568-foot borehole completed in 1970. The shallowest wells are
variously reported to be from 4,000 to 5,000 feet deep.
Shengli is an on-shore oil field and drilling stops at the coastline on
the north shore of the Shantung Peninsula near the mouth of the
Yellow River.
In recent years Taching has been believed to supply about half of
China’s crude. National production this year is guessed at around 700
million barrels.
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United Press International
1NE RIDGE, S.D. — South
fata Indians, disenchanted with
enews media, have decided to set
publicity outlets of their own, in-
iding a television station.
American Indians represent
out 20 percent of the state’s popn-
Yet only four of South Dako-
js nihe reservations have news-
pers, and only one has a radio sta
ll.
Well alleviate some miseoneep-
ms,” said Tim Giago, Oglala Sioux
ormation officer. “This (office) is
lere it’s all at right now.
Clarence Skye, executive director
the United Sioux Tribe, said a
w service called the American In
in News Media Network is being
lablished by the tribes.
“Indians are doing a lot of good
ings, but the media only focuses
the sensational,” Skye said.
Ve’re trying to show the other
le.”
Most of the state’s Indians are
mcentrated on the Pine Ridge and
isebud reservations in western
mth Dakota and in Rapid City, the
ites second largest city. One
ipid City station is an NBC af-
iate; the other, an ABC affiliate.
Giago said CBS officials seem re-
ptive to making a proposed Indian
HF station an affiliate. He said the
ibe is seeking Federal Communi
cations Commission approval.
Giago said, if all goes well, the
station could be on the air this fall.
Once the facility is under con
struction, the tribe will apply for a
license to operate a FM radio sta
tion, Giago said. Broadcasting
facilities should cost about $400,000
to build, he said, but $1.5 million
will have to be spent on equipment
and general operation.
Initially, the tribe has a $100,000
grant through the Labor Depart
ment’s Native American Economic
Stimulus Program to buy equip
ment, hire instructors and travel to
see stations in operation. The
Bureau of Indian Affairs has been
asked to guarantee or to find a bank
that will guarantee a $2 million loan
for the project.
Six students who are learning the
mechanics and will be the staff nuc
leus are being paid through a Com
prehensive Employment Training
Act grant. The United Methodist
Communications and United
Church of Christ Communications
have been asked to help pay for
workers’ salaries once the station is
on the air.
Like many other stations aimed at
minority audiences, Giago said,
newscasts will be offered in two lan
guages.
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