Page 8
THE BATTALION
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1978
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Russian calls Soviet news ‘responsible
By DOUG GRAHAM
Battalion Staff
Russian and American news
papers are more similar than most
Americans think, said Melor Sturua,
the Washington bureau chief of Iz-
vestiia, a Russian newspaper.
The Soviet Georgian-born jour
nalist told Texas A&M University
students and faculty at a reception
that Soviet newspapers compete in
Russia much as American papers do.
“We are always on the lookout for
scoops,” he said. “There are many
newspapers and we all compete to
get the first news.”
Sturua, winner of the Vorotsky
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MSC Rm. 216
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so be there!
Prize, a prestigious overseas jour
nalism award given by the
U.S.S.R., said it was important for
their papers to get news first.
The reason is that their papers
need to make a profit.
“In our system, everything must
make money to survive,” he said.
“Otherwise it gets shut down.”
The “state supported” papers in
Russia give their profits to the gov
ernment, while in the United
States, individual publishers profit,
he said.
Sturua, whose first name Melor
stands for Marx, Engels, Lenin, Oc
tober Revolution, said Russian jour
nalism serves society by promoting
social harmony.
“You always have in mind the
well-being of society,” he said. “If
you do anything for a scoop, to be
sensational, to make money for
yourself, then you must be ready to
sacrifice social good.”
Soviets practice self-restraint, he
explained, adding, “We are against
imposed censorship.”
This self-restraint has led Soviet
journalists to support a resolution
before a United Nations committee
that states the media is supposed to
support national and social interest.
Sturua said pornography in the
United States is a failure of unbri
dled journalism.
“You must reflect and defend the
mood of society,” he said. "You
must be very responsible.
This self-restraint does not hinder
honest reporting, Sturua said. He
said that if there is “a distortion of
social life,” in other words, a mis
deed or crime, he must report it.
If his editor says no, he can take
the story to a government commis
sion that would investigate the case.
If his facts were right, they could
make the editor print his story, he
said.
a
i
Melor Sturua
Though Sturua agreed that re
ports of police brutality would be a
proper journalism, he said that he
has never had to report a case of
Russian secret police (KGB)|
ity.
"Police never beats anyboi
said.
Sturua said dissident clai;
KGB brutality are “false evidf >its h
He said the American m
preoccupation with truth
founded. “There are two
truth,” he said. “There is
truth, such as facts, which
putable.”
“Then there is social trull
said. He defined social tnitl
ferences drawn from fact,
stance, what may be ward
tion to Russia may be an i^
Americans.
"We never said the indivi
subordinate to society, but
times common interest aui
vidual interest collide. As
nalists, we help them pe;
coexist.”
“If society flourishes, then;
dividual flourishes.”
Rights movernent alive
Sakharov optimistic
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United Press International
MOSCOW '— Soviet human
rights activist and Nobel laureate
Andrei Sakharov says the small cir
cle of those who speak out in de
fense of human liberty in the Soviet
Union has taken heavy casualties in
1978 but the movement has in
exhaustible reserves.
Sakharov says despite official re
pression there is a growing aware
ness of the human rights issue in the
Soviet Union and “something is
changing in this country.”
An interview took place recently
in Sakharov’s Moscow apartment,
spacious by Soviet standards,
strewn with the physicist’s papers
and books.
The text of the interview:
Question: Has the Soviet dissi
dent movement made any progress?
Answer: Many have paid a great
price for this kind of activity —
some have even lost their freedom.
But it has brought about a vast
change in peoples’ conception of
human rights — not just in the
countries of Eastern Europe but in
all countries of the world where
human rights are seriously violated.
The Helsinki accords are of
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MSC Recreation Presents
Greased Pig Chase
November 16 8.*00pm
at the ANIMAL PAVILLI0N
$4.00 Entry Fee per Team
of four
Prizes Will Be Awarded
Sign up in the MSC Room 216
enormous significance with respect
to human rights. And President
Carter’s policy, taking the defense
of human rights as its basis, is
another manifestation of this de
velopment, which amounts to a new
international ideology.
This development cannot be snuf
fed out. Once spoken, words cannot
be silenced. The circle of active dis
sidents is very small. But an estima
tion of their quantitative strength is
not important. The element of qual
ity is more important.
The circle of people who dare to
speak out has suffered heavy casual
ties. But these casualties cannot
exhaust the reserves of this move
ment because people do listen to
foreign radio stations here and they
do sometimes read Samizdat (pri
vately published) literature, al
though unfortunately Samizdat has
also been repressed and has an ex
tremely small circulation.
All this represents fertile soil for
serious changes in this country.
People are now aware of the human
rights issue in this country. Some
thing is changing in this country.
Q: How do you see the future of
human rights in this country?
A: I have never tried to be a pro
phet. I have a generally pessimistic
feeling about concrete conditions in
the near future. In the near future, I
don’t think many changes can be
expected.
But philosophically, I still con
sider myself an optimist because I
believe in the strength of the human
spirit.
Q: What kind of society would
you like to see?
A. I think that as far as his evalua
tion of the crimes and horrors com
mitted in the past is concerned, my
outlook is quite close to that of
(exiled Russian writer Alexander)
Solzhenitsyn. But as far as the fu
ture is concerned, if I may borrow a
term from Russian history, I would
say that I am an Occidentalist.
I am for a pluralistic society — a
free, flexible arrangement of differ
ent economic systems.
I am for a democratic society,
which guarantees freedom of con
viction, freedom of the press, free
dom of religion and also — a free
dom which is important for large
sections of the population — the
freedom of nationality and the free
dom of choice of where to live.
I agree with (U.S. Sen. Henry)
Jackson that this last freedom is ac
tually the first because the choice of
where you live conditions and de
fines all the other freedoms — the
freedom to choose your religion,
convictions and so on.
Q: How do you view closer rela
tions between the United States and
the Soviet Union?
Q: How do you view the "I
of human rights and otherl
issues?
A: In principle, I II say thij
always in favor of detente, offfl
the possibility of war morec
But concretely, the caseii|
complex. There are actual vidi
of human rights in this
was in favor of the Jackson a
ment (the Jackson-Vanik i
ment, which links U. S Sj
trade with the emigration i
Jews).
I consider that Jackson’s)
ment is very important. It iso
and a very important factorin*
ing the number of violati®
human rights in the categf
emigration.
I think it is very good I
tions are developing, that (
relationships are developing !
creases the chances of there b
healthy influence on conditi
side this country. This isavei|
portant factor.
But I think economic]
should be just an element i»l
whole approach to the future
world. It should not be treateif
narrow, pragmatic way. hj
dealings with the Soviet Unio« J
long-range implications sh
ways be considered.
INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS
ASSOCIATION
OF
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INTERNATIONAL FALL BANQUET
— PRESENTED BY INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS ASSOCIATION |
11-17-78
AT 7:00 P.M.
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110 CARTER CREEK PARKWAY
EVERYBODY IS WARMLY WELCOMED. TICKETS ARE AVAILABLE^
THE PUBLIC. IT IS 2.50 FOR ONE ADMISSION. TICKETS ARE /
ABLE AT INTERNATIONAL STUDENT OFFICE MSC RM 221.
PROGRAMS,
INTERNATIONAL DISHES WHICH INCLUDE CHINESE, EUR0PE # '|
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FOLK DANCE PRESENTED BY STUDENTS FROM THAILAND.
IF YOU WANT TO TRAVEL ABROAD, IT IS THE BEST CHANCE
COLLECT THE INFORMATION. STUDENTS ARE VERY GLADTOf
YOU WHAT YOU WANTED TO KNOW ABOUT THEIR COUNTRIES.
nd o
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yst :
ut c
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iries
use
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So th
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A: If I am asked about!
give my opinion quite i
Otherwise, I will say no
cause I am not concerned v
great future, but withthereil
crete concerns and problems^
people.
In this country, inter
ligations are violated in thei
freedom of emigration. The!
Soviet citizens have to
vitations from relatives
order to emigrate goes
freedom of emigration.
But I think there is a;
greater significance. Thisii|
problem of preventing an.
war. This danger directly!
the complete destruction
kind. This question rises
other problems.
In the long term, theen
international security is impi
without removing cor
This in turn is impossible
respect for human rights,
the diplomatic level, thei
nuclear confrontation isoftM
est priority.
I think the Carter admin
is right to approach these]
separately. The situation ii|
complicated because we
the essence of the Soviet
sometimes looks like the
moves of a vast chess game.
l
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Ssassin
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the
assas
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cons
51 offi,
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fnounc
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nation
mgs
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“Take
:red c
>ry,” ,
cey si
comn
led.