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Aggie horses are OK
Mazes test horse sense
ells.
to put the By LIZ BAILEY
ne into thepiM Battalion Reporter
ed blood celkB sex doesn’t seem to affect the
cells will retjBarning abilities oi horses, nor does
til it is chennapunishment seem to make them
by scavengeriMarn faster, say two Texas A&M
■niversity graduate students in
liinial science.
■ Jean Hagerbaumer and Cindy
■cCall conducted separate studies
■iring the past year. Both women
itty deposits
ish this, Ilile
ells in an em
they swell ^
dlowing the
24
lien transfei u- d mazes to test the animals,
like blood,t!H Hagerbaumer said that compar-
id close the: Bjig the two studies to others may
zyme. j h id to a more comprehnesive
this methfcftethod of testing learning in
■ said. "Ifsin Ihorses.
o undertakfl Hagerbaumer used a maze of her
her patients Mwn design. “I wanted something
Biat was very general. I wasn't try-
|ig to test any special talents.”
Hagerbaumer said 75 horses bet-
een 7 and 10 months old were
sted for their ability to learn to
istinguish between auditory and
isual cues. They were also tested to
termine if punishment inhibited
heir ability to learn.
In the actual trials, she used four
roups of horses. Each group con
sisted of six fillies, six colts and six
geldings. The horses were chosen
randomly, without regard for breed.
“I had nothing to do with picking
fthem. I feel I had a random sample
hat would represent horses.”
The trial horses were acquired for
the study from the Texas A&M
M fHorse Center, the Texas A&M
■School of Veterinary Medicine and
the Texas Department of Correc-
ions.
The maze was located in a small
am at the horse center.
For auditory trials, either a buz-
er or doorbell was sounded. For
isual trials a light either flashed or
emained on constantly. According
othe signal, the horse learned to go
bone of two gates. There, the horse
for
had to press a flap which triggered a
mechanism which opened the gate.
The horse then was required to go
to the back of the barn and press
another of two flaps. The right
choice caused about one-third cup
of grain, the horse’s reward, to be
deposited in a feed trough.
In two of the four trials, if the
horse went to the wrong gate or
pressed the wrong flap, nothing
happened.
In the other two trials, the horses
were punished by being sprayed
with a fine mist of water when they
made wrong responses. Hager
baumer said, “Some (horses) got
upset if they made the wrong choice
and didn’t know what to do about
it.”
Hagerbaumer said all of the
horses seemed to enjoy the trials
very much. On several occasions,
horse were found trying to unlatch
the barn door to get in.
Each horse was put through four
trials for 25 consecutive days. Each
horse was assessed a score according
to how long it toqk to complete the
trial and how many errors it made,
she said.
The scores of fillies, colts and
geldings were compared. Hager
baumer said she found no difference
in the learning ability of one group
over another; in fact, each group
was represented in the three high
est scoring horses.
Judging the results of her study,
Hagerbaumer said the horses which
were not punished did better than
those which were. She said,
“Punishment didn’t make them
learn any faster.’’ Neither did it
make them pay more attention to
the signals, she said.
Cindy McCall adapted the Hebb
Williams Closed Field Maze for
horses.
The maze was invented in 1946 to
test the learning ability of rats.
The maze was built in the Horse
Center’s Teaching Arena. It covered
72 square feet and had plywood
walls six feet tall. There were bar
riers, also of plywood, inside the
walls which could be moved by the
experimenter.
In her study, McCall used three
groups of 15 yearlings. There were
five geldings and five fillies in each
group that had been used in Hager
baumer s study. There were another
five fillies in each group that had
never been used in a behavior
study.
During the first three days of the
study, McCall allowed each horse to
roam around the maze to get used to
it.
On the fourth day, the horses
were herded from the start to the
finish to teach them where they
should go.
On the fifth through tenth days,
McCall said each horse did one
training problem per day. Nine
trials per horse were done each day.
In the training arid test problems
the horses were put through to
teach them what to expect, McCall
said the horses were turned loose
individually in one corner of the
maze. The horse’s problem was to
find its way around the barriers and
to the opposite corner of the maze.
When it reached the corner, it was
fed a small amount of grain.
On days 11 through 22, each
horse was given a daily test prob
lem.
McCall scored the horses accord
ing to how accurately each deter
mined the proper pathway around
the barrier.
McCall said she hasn’t made any
conclusions yet since the problems
were done only about three months
ago.
||
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Mexican
subways
split sexes
United Press International
MEXICO CITY — Mexico’s ex
periment with the world’s first sexu
ally segregated subways got off to a
rather bumpy start Monday.
Officials contended separating the
sexes during rush hour was neces
sary to save women from the fanny-
pinching, fondling and other
chauvanistic assaults they suffer in
Mexico City’s overcrowded subway
trains and stations.
Men were separated from the
women Monday on one of the city’s
three subway lines as an experiment.
If successful, it may be followed by
enforced segregation on the other
two lines by 1980.
“Where’s my husband,” Elena
Garcia, 50, complained to a police
man. “I lost my husband about one
hour ago and I can’t find him.”
Couples got separated and depar
tures were delayed as police spent
time removing men from the first
three women-only cars of each
nine-car train.
Reactions were mixed.
“Thank God for the program. We
were fed up with the shoving and
grabbing and with the men’s dirty
language,” said 19-year-old student
Patricia Arrieta.
“Bottom pinching and caressing of
women won’t stop,” said Jose Luis
Eseorcia, 29, a chemical engineer.
“It’s part of the Mexican’s culture.
Another man, Alberto Serrano,
37, complained: “Most of the subway
users are men and now they’re trying
to pack us into the last six cars. It
won’t work.’’
Now you know
United Press International
Dirty snow melts faster than clean
snow.
THE BATTALION Page 9
WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 13, 1978
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