V
The Battalion
Vol. 71 No. 68
16 Pages
Wednesday, December 7, 1977
College Station, Texas
News Dept. 845-2611
Business Dept. 845-2611
Inside Today:
Dead week is upon us, p. 12-13.
Alcoholism is the country’s fourth
major health problem, p. 8.
Aggies beat Sam Houston State
Bearkats, 95-73.
New copyright law affects
libraries but not students
Battalion photo by Esther Cortez
"Deck the halls . . /
A group of third and fourth grade students from College Hills
Elementary School entertain their audience in the MSC lounge
with a medley of Christmas carols. The students visited Texas
A&M Tuesday at noon.
Editor’s note: This is the first article in a two-part series on the new federal
copyright law. Thursday’s Battalion will explore the still-unclear effects of the law
on the music industry and university programs.
By LIZ NEWI JN
Battalion StafT
Copying Aggie jokes from a book for a nickle is okay if it’s for class, but it’s illegal
to distribute the copies as season’s greetings or send them as birthday presents.
A new copyright law effective Jan. 1 puts limits on photostats, microfilm and
copying for other than educational or scholarly use. The law, which replaces the
1909 copyright law, affects music copyrights as well as books, magazines and
journals. Guidelines to be reviewed in five years have been issued for interlibrary
coping, but negotiations are still going on about music.
“The student should basically not be affected,” said Mel Dodd, head of the
Interlibrary Services Division. The service secures copies of articles in journals
and magazines not available at Texas A&M, and receives about 400 copies a
month.
“The effect of the copyright law on libraries is going to be primarily on interli
brary services and acquisitions. The central idea is that we may copy in lieu of
lending. We may not copy in lieu of purchase,” Dodd said. Guidelines state that a
library may borrow or have copied five articles from a single magazine or journal
in five years. If the library copies more than five articles in five years, it must pay
the magazine publisher.
Formerly, interlibrary loan systems copied freely and without concern for
copyright laws, Dodd said. The law also refers to the rights of teachers and
students.
“A portion of any material may be copied if it is for educational, research or
scholarly purposes,” he said. Teachers’ guides say the copied material must be
brief, spontaneous in nature and that the material copied cannot comprise the
whole article or book.
“The library as an institution is not a watchdog. It is not the duty of a library or it:
personnel to say this is illegal use . . . The library or companies owning copy
machines will be required to post warnings at machines about the new law, ” Dodd
said. The library will also begin keeping formal records of interlibrary loans.
“Copies the library does for someone must meet the spirit of the law in your use
of the material. We re responsible to see we re not ordering excessive copies of
materials,” Dodd said. Graduate students may be affected if the library has
reached its limit of articles for a particular magazine.
Fields like medicine, which the library has not been concerned with, might also
be affected. Dodd said a study by the University of Pennsylvania showed only a
small percentage of journals will fall into the category of magazines requested
more than five times in five years.
He said parts of the law were vague, but that readings in the library reserve
room may be affected because of guidelines imposed on teachers.
“A number of librarians have stated this will be a blessing to libraries because it
will cause them to look more closely at what they acquire and what they borrow
and the relationship between the two,” Dodd said.
The records of interlibrary loans will be used to help determine what the library
needs, said Noreen Alldred, assistant director for collection development. The
Texas A&M library subscribes to about 16,000 periodicals, she said. Another
4,000 titles are “dead” - publication or subscription to the magazine has stopped.
“The records will tell us where we have gaps in our system,” she said. “If a title
gets, say, five requests in a month, we’ll check to see if we need it.” Now recom
mendations for new subscriptions are made mainly by faculty and librarians.
The records may occasionally be checked by the government, but compliance
with the rest of the law will probably be voluntary, Dodd said.
“There will not be a monitoring agency peeking in your files,” he said, noting
that most negotiation with the government has been “friendly.” “It will take a
little more work, but it will not break up the flow too much,” he said.
The new law was approved by the U.S. Congress in 1976 to keep up with
changing technology. The 1909 copyright law did not mention Xerox machines,
cassette tapes, microfilm or phonographic records.
“Courts have had to litigate this and have come up with a doctrine of fair usage
throughout. The new law has tried to invoke the general purposes of the court
decisions.
“It is really a lot better than the ones that have been passed in other countries,”
he said. The Australian law holds the library liable for its patrons’ use of copying
machines in the library. A library can be sued when patrons’ violate the law.
“Congress didn’t want to do that. It put the responsibility on the person making
the copy. The law clearly states the library is not responsible for the behavior of its
patrons. This is an important part of the spirit of the law,” Dodd said.
He said the basic guide to the new copyright law is, “Are you trying to rip off the
publisher and author, or are you trying to get the information out?”
U.S. backs Cairo
talks; policy shifts
BI makes public reports
)!' assassination investigation
United Press International
WASHINGTON — Fourteen years
er John F. Kennedy was slain in Dallas,
e FBI is making public masses of raw
port which led the Warren Commission
conclude his killer was Lee Harvey Os-
[ald acting “alone and without advice or
isistance.
The files total 80,000 pages. The first
),001 pages were being made available to
ie press and the public today. The rest
e expected to be released in January,
he files contain the results of 25,000 FBI
iterviews and re-interviews.
The files, being released under the
reedom of Information Act, may shed
ght on what Oswald told police and FBI
len when he underwent intermittent
uestioning during two days in custody —
efore he, too, was murdered.
The FBI said that at the time Oswald
denied shooting Kennedy. No steno-
;raphic record of the interrogation was
:ept.
Much has been excised from what was
eleased, however.
Parts of the documents are inked out
inder the provisions of the law permitting
[ovemment agencies to keep secret in-
ormation, which would tend to reveal in-
estigatory sources, or methods, or to
eedlessly violate privacy.
Americans, when polled, express skep-
icism that the full truth about the assassi-
lation is known. Many believe that Os
wald was the agent of a conspiracy. Some
juestion whether Oswald was the killer.
A number of persons earn their liveli-
lood from lectures or books challenging
the conclusions of the Warren Commis
sion.
Oswald was shot by Ruby Nov. 24, 1963
as police were taking him from the Dallas
municipal building to the county jail.
Ruby, 52, a nightclub owner who said to
have been an ardent Kennedy admirer,
died Jan. 3, 1967. He was suffering from
cancer and was awaiting retrial for Os
wald’s murder.
Kennedy, 46, the 35th American presi
dent and the fourth to be killed in office,
was shot at 12:30 p.m. GST on Friday,
Nov. 22, 1963 as he was riding in an open
White House car in a motorcade through
the streets of Dallas.
With him were his wife, Jacqueline, and
Gov. and Mrs. John Connally of Texas.
Connally was seriously wounded but has
recovered. The women were not injured.
Following the shooting, Oswald left the
Texas Book Depository, where he was
employed as a $50-a-week warehouseman,
went to his small apartment, changed
clothes, rode a bus back into the city, gun
ned down police Patrolman J. D. Tippit as
he was approaching Oswald, who went into
a movie theater and — less than two hours
later — was taken into custody.
Oswald, 24, was an ex-Marine who had
gone to Russia and in 1959 tried to re
nounce his American citizenship. He had
not completed the process and after living
in Minsk for two years, he married a
Soviet citizen, Marina Nicholaevna, a
pharmacist, and returned with her to the
United States in 1962.
Reared in poverty, he had described
himself as a Marxist and as secretary of the
pro-Fidel Castro Fair Play for Cuba
Committee. He had gone to Mexico in
Spetember 1963, to attempt to arrange a
trip to Cuba. But he had also attempted
the previous July to join the anit-Castro
Cuban Student Directorate in New Or
leans.
The Warren Commission was chaired
by the late Chief Justice Earl Warren. It
conceded its inability to prove that no con
spiracy existed. It said:
“Because of the difficulty of proving
negatives to a certainty the possibility of
others being involved . . . cannot be estab
lished categorically, but if there is any
such evidence it has been beyond the
reach of all the investigative agencies and
resources of the United States and has not
come to the attention of this commission. ”
United Press International
Secretary of State Cyrus Vance, in a
major policy shift, is throwing full U.S.
support behind the peace initiatives of
Egyptian President Anwar Sadat. Sadat
vowed today to carry negotiations with
Israel “through to the end.”
Vance chided the Soviet Union at a
news conference Tuesday for its condem
nation of Egypt and support of Arab hard
line nations, saying Moscow’s actions had
“raised questions” about its intentions in
the Middle East.
He said the United States would fully
support Sadat’s peace talks next week in
Cairo and no longer believed resumption
of the Geneva conference was necessary
for Middle East peace — a major change
in U.S. policy.
Sadat, in an interview published today,
said he would carry on his negotiations
with Israel alone if Syria and other Arab
nations refused to negotiate. He accused
Moscow of goading hard-line Arabs in an
effort to obstruct a settlement.
In an attempt to heal the worsening rift
in the Arab world over Sadat’s peace initia
tives with Israel, Jordan s King Hussein
headed for Syria today for talks with Presi
dent Hafez Assad.
Vance was leaving the United States
today to attend a NATO meeting in Brus
sels and make a tour of six Middle East
capitals. He said his trip would support
the “breakthrough” made by Sadat ana Is
raeli Prime Minister Menahem Begin in
their unprecedented talks in Jerusalem
last month.
“Our proper role is to support their
progress and help broaden it to all fronts in
the continuing search for a final settle
ment,” he said. “It’s possible to have a set
tlement without a Geneva conference.”
“However, we have first the Cairo con
ference. And we have to see how much
can be accomplished during the Cairo con
ference,” Vance said.
Only the United States, Israel, Egypt
and the United Nations have agreed to at
tend the Cairo talks, scheduled to begin
Dec. 14. The Soviet Union and Arab na
tions intend to boycott.
In Cairo, acting Foreign Minister But-
ros Ghali said the “door is open” for Syria
and the Palestine Liberation Organization
to take part in the Cairo meeting.
Population increases to over 40,000
College Station ^handles’ growth
Park to be given immunity
for committee testimony
United Press International
SEOUL, South Korea — The United
States and South Korea are drafting an
agreement to let millionaire Tongsun Park
testify under immunity in Washington on
the Capitol Hill influence peddling scan
dal, official sources said today.
The accord could help ease strained
U.S.-Korean relations. Park’s refusal to
discuss his role in secret lobbying efforts
— including alleged bribes to congressmen
to gain favorable U.S. policies for
Seoul’s government in the early 1970s was
the cause of the strain.
Secretary of State Cyrus Vance warned
Tuesday the “Tongsun Park affair” had
angered most Americans. Nevertheless,
he appealed to Congress the approve $280
million in military aid for South Korea —
an increase of 77 percent.
Highly placed sources in the Foreign
Ministry said U.S. Ambassador Richard
Sneider and Korean Foreign Minister Park
Tong-jin would probably set down final
terms of the agreement late this week or
early next week.
“When the accord is signed it is most
likely that an announcement will be made
on a forthcoming trip to Seoul by U.S. law
officials to start the necessary procedures
involved,” they said.
By DEBBY KRENEK
Accommodating population growth has
been a major problem for many cities. But
this doesn’t hold true for College Station.
College Station is experiencing growing
pains, but none the city can’t handle. City
Planner Al Mayo said last week.
The population in College Station has
increased from 17,676 in 1970 to more
than 40,000 in 1977.
“The city has experienced a 10 to 12
percent annual growth for the past seven
years,” Mayo said. “Frankly, it’s unbeliev
able for a city to retain that growth rate for
such a long period.”
Austin has two percent growth per year,
a healthy growth figure for any town,
Mayo said.
The major reason for the rapid popula
tion growth is the increasing enrollment at
Texas A&M University. Texas A&M has
been cited as one of the fastest-growing
universities in the United States.
The growth rate for College Station is
based on an arbitrary figure arrived at by
former city planners.
“For every two students enrolled in the
University, College Station gains three in
population,” Mayo said. The figure has
proved to be fairly accurate, he said.
Students who live on campus as well as
in College Station are counted in the city’s
census. But many students live in Bryan,
and the number of students living on-
campus remains between 8,000 and 9,000.
Therefore, students are not responsible for
College Station’s large population jumps.
“The University is by far the largest em
ployer in this area and its growth creates
new jobs that in turn bring in more
people,” Mayo said.
Texas A&M has been growing at an av
erage rate of 2,000 students per year for
the last seven years. Although enrollment
at A&M is still increasing, the percentage
of growth has dropped.
“We’re still looking at another three to
four years of growth before the University ’s
attendance levels off and before College
Station growth does the same,” Mayo said.
To combat this population increase. Col
lege Station has been developing to the
south and east — the only land available
for growth. Any expansion northward is
prohibited by the Bryan city limits bound
ary.
Westward development beyond
Wellborn Road is limited. A ridge that fol
lows the railroad tracks along Wellborn
makes drainage to the sewage treatment
plant from any part beyond the ridge ex
pensive. The sewage must be pumped
over the ridge to the treatment plant, lo
cated east of the East Bypass.
“Most of the development in the next
five years in both business and residential
sections alike will be to the south,” said
Vergil G. Stover, head of the College Sta
tion Planning and Zoning Commission.
Three major centers will be constructed
south of Highway 30 in the next five years.
A million-dollar office and warehouse
complex will be built as an addition to
Culpepper Plaza, located at the intersec
tion of Texas Avenue and Highway 30.
John C. Culpepper Jr. said the complex
will be built in two stages, with an identi
cal 32,000 square foot building in each
stage. In the front of each building will be
16 office suites overlooking two small foun
tain courtyards.
Constantine Barbu of the Cruse Corpo
ration that owns part of the project said
the first offices will be completed by early
1978.
Richard Smith Realty is developing an
outdoor shopping mall for College Station
called the Boardwalk. The mall will be lo
cated across the street from Culpepper
Plaza. Construction has not begun on the
site.
Boardwalk will be a specialty shopping
center of 25 retail shops separated by gar
dens, trees and wooden walkways. The
Boardwalk should open in August 1978,
said Dan Acree of the company.
Another smaller shopping center south
of Southwest Parkway on Highway 6 is
being planned by James E. Jetts and As
sociates. Although construction has not
started, the center should be completed
within five years, Jetts said.
A prime area for development within
the next 10 years is the land across from
Plantation Oaks apartments on Highway
30.
“The property has excellent access roads
and utilities,” Mayo said. “We hope a de-I
veloper will build a regional shopping cen
ter there similiar to Manor East Mall.”
The number of businesses in College
Station has increased along with the popu
lation growth. In 1974, there were 187
businesses in College Station. Now there
are 238.
“One area in which College Station has
been lagging is in industrial develop
ment,” Mayo said. College Station had
eight industrial firms in 1974. No new
ones have opened since.
“The main reason the growth has been
slow is because College Station is not on
an interstate highway,” he said. “We have
an airport, railroad and excellent research
facilities, but being on an interstate is
more important because the truckers have
better access to the plant.”
Mayo said College Station is working to
promote industrial growth.
COLLEGE
STATION
“We have no control over the popula
tion growth in College Station,” he said.
“The University could stop growing. When
the city is geared up to meet the growth
the city is geared up to meet the growth
and it levels off, we may become over
built.”
College Station officials are encouraging
industrial growth so it can take up the
slack when the University levels off.
The extension of the town southward
should have little effect oh Northgate
businesses, Mayo said.
“Northgate depends on the University
business and is not in near as much danger
as downtown Bryan. College Station really
has no downtown and probably never will
because the city has grown around the
university as its downtown.”
BRYAN
Areas to be developed within 10 years
Area to be developed within 5 years
Bryan-College Station City Limits