k
MONDAY, AUGUST 29, 1977
Oceanographers studying
waves below surface in Gulf
Miller says board
wants stronger Corps
Dozens of meters below the sur
face of the Gulf of Mexico another
set of waves roll in and break against
the continental shelf of Texas. These
waves were recently observed by
Texas A&M University scientists
from the research submarine
•“Diaphus.”
Knowledge is your best
protection.
^ Carl Bussells
iAMOND Room
3731 E. 29th 846-4708
Town & Country Center
MEMBER AMERICAN GEM SOCIETY
While the existence of the waves
is interesting, the real significance is
how they affect dumping waste and
drilling practices in the Gulf.
Drs. Thomas Bright and Richard
Rezak of Texas A&M’s Department
of Oceanography lead a team that is
starting the third year of this re
search a reconnaissance of offshore
topographical features.
“We want to know what is living
out there, the nature of the bottom
and the processes active on the bot-
ton,” Dr. Rezak explained. “In this
year’s program we will map eight
more fishing banks of the Texas-
Louisiana Continental Shelf .”
Beginning Sept. 7 operations
using the university’s submersible
will be carried out for 24 days and
include direct observations on all
eight banks.
“Some of these banks are living
coral reefs while others are dead
coral mounds,” he went on. “Both
kinds of banks support large fish
populations that are important
commercial and sports fisheries.
Any damage to the banks would re
sult in damage to the fishing indus
try.”
The team will also do an intensive
study of a cloudy layer, near the bot
tom, which they discovered in 1975.
“Last year. Dr. David McGrail
devised dye marker experiments
that were conducted from the sub
mersible in which it was found there
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is a complex of internal waves
caused by differences in water den
sity and other currents that is re
sponsible for the ‘cloudy layer’,”
noted Rezak. “Internal waves are
propogated through the water and
break on the continental shelf simi
lar to surface waves breaking on the
shore. This will have implications on
the disposal of drilling effluents.”
“Currently, in sensitive areas
close to these living reefs, govern
ment agencies have required drill
ing companies to shunt wastes to a
point 10 meters from the bottom,”
he pointed out. “If this happens to
te within the cloudy mixed layer,
tne amiing material will be trapped
in the layer and will not be diffused
throughout the water column. De
termining how long the pollutants
will remain in the cloudy layer is the
subject of current and future re
search.
The project has now been funded
for a total of about $2 million. The
project will furnish information to
the Bureau of Land Management
and the U. S. Geological Survey on
bottom conditions and life so the
agencies can make policy decisions
on drilling restriction such as the
closeness of drilling to banks and the
disposal of drilling materials.
From the standpoint of industrial
contamination, the northwestern
Gulf of Mexico is unique in that it
receives runoff from rivers draining
over one-third of the Continental
U. S. It has been the site of the
most intense development of
offshore oil and gas resources along
our coasts and it contains the two
most used ocean dumping sites for
chemical industrial wastes in U. S.
waters.
Seemingly, if untoward environ
mental impacts are to result from the
general polluting processes, there is
a high probability that it will be
manifest first in the northwestern
Gulf. Conversely, if management
procedures are used to protect ocean
resources that are successful, then
they should be equally successful
elsewhere.
Responsibilities of Coips of Cadets leadership for
Texas A&M’s 1977-78 school year were detailed last
week at the start of Commanders’ Conference.
President Jarvis Miller, Vice President John Koldus,
Gen. Ormond Simpson, assistant vice president for
student services, and military officials addressed Corps
seniors and juniors.
“You and I have some major responsibilities,” said
the Texas A&M president. The best education possible
comes first, followed by using efficiently all possible
resources to achieve other goals, Miller said.
He suggested character building be structured to
develop the total person.
“The Board of Regents intends that we maintain and
stxengthen the Corps of Cadets, ” President Miller in
formed the cadet leaders.
Cadet officers were sworn in for 1977-78 by Army
Col. James R. Woodall, new commandant who arrived
in July. He also introduced Air Force Col. Kennet
Durham, recently arrived professor of aem
studies, and Col. Jack Ivins, professor of naval xit]
They presented new detachment personnel.
Dr. Koldus pointed out that Corps comnu
under Cadet Col. Mike Gentry will he calledtoi
many decisions. He recommended that all possi
puts be considered in making them.
“Second guessing is easy,” Koldus said. "Detj
making is tough. ”
“You are on the threshold of what can beoneil
greatest years for the Corps in many years,”
Simpson said. “All the ingredients are present."
“In my opinion, you are the best potential It#
the Corps has had in my time here,’ Gen
said.
Corps organization for the Monday, Aug. 29,sj
fall classes will be conducted Saturday and Sund#
Higher prices, fewer jobs
byproduct of consumerm
United Press International
ST. LOUIS — Higher prices and
fewer jobs are two unwelcome by
products of the consumer move
ment, according to a business
alarmed at the skyrocketing pre
miums for product liability insur-
Football helmets cost $10 more
than they would without the in
creased insurance costs, according
to William F. Schierholz Jr., chair
man of the Committee for Respon
sible Consumerism.
“Fewer people are making the
helmets, with some manufacturers
closing up shop because of the costly
protection. ” he said.
Schierholz, president of Chem-
tech Inc., a chemical distributing
firm, said the problem isn’t with
consumer advocates, but with
judges who approve liberal settle
ments and encourage the filing of
damage suits.
“What we re talking about is a few
big winners — with a question mark
as to whether they really deserve it
— and lots of losers,” Schierholz
said in an interview. "It’s like play
ing a roulette wheel:
“If you go to Las Vegas, you can
choose whether you want to gam
ble, but not here. Consumers will
have to pay. ”
Schierholz became involved in
the problem when Chemtech's
premiums for product liability in
surance increased more than 1,000
per cent in just three years — rising
to $742,000 this year with a
$100,000 deductible clause included
for the first time.
“The board of directors was
speechless,” he said. “They were
stunned.”
Other businessmen hit by similar
increases got together and formed
the committee. Schierholz said his
group is not seeking legislation that
would open the way to shoddy mer
chandise manufactured will
thought to the consumer.
“I’m sure no reputable main
turer wants to abdicate hisrts|
sihility for making qualityprali
But you have to have someps
tion from liberal decisions ii
courts, he said.
"If we make a mistake, wea
to pay for it. But we don’t this
should be called to defend on
or intentional misuse of our|
nets bv the consumers. ”’
Horror stories about dan®:
settlements are plentiful, Sdi
said. Someone using his pi
mower as a hedge trimmer*
six-figure judgment, he saii
cause there was no sign
mower saying it shouldn’t h
that way.
Emerson Electric Co. Id
ball players try to bend
valve on a water heater out ofil
Women
but men
working harder,
getting more pay
IV
WH1TI
United Press International
NEW YORK — Caution: Reading
the following may be harmful to the
male ego.
Women work longer and harder
on the job than men do, according
to a time use study by University of
Michigan social scientists.
But the men in the study earned
more than comparably qualified
women. And investigators at the
University’s Institute for Social Re
search say the wage gap was even
greater when one considered the
study results showing that women
worked longer.
Greg Duncan, study director,
said the time and use studv showed:
V The average employed man
spends 52 minutes, — or 11 per
cent ot each working day, — not
working. He kills time through
scheduled coffee breaks, un
scheduled break times relaxing and
cpnverfiipng, and lunches beyond the
normal hour.
^ The average working woman
spends just 35 minutes, or 8 percent
ot the day, in such times out.
Duncan and Frank Stafford, a
University of Michigan Professor of
Economics, said on the average the
working man earns $7 an hour and
the working woman, $4.34.
To determine that women worked
harder than men, the invesitgators
applied a work effort scale to the
analysis of performance by their
subjects — 208 men and 168 wo
men.
They found:
V The effort women give the job
is 112 per cent of that given by men.
V When education, years of
work experience and total yearly
work hours are taken into account,
this goes up to 115 per cent.
V Craftsmen, operatives, males,
young people and individuals with
high monthly incomes spend the
most time in either formal or infor
mal work breaks.
V Professionals, union members
and part-time employes working
less than 30 hours a week, and un
married women expend the greatest
effort per hour at work.
Unmarried women received
the least amount of break time and
scored highest on the work effort
scale.
V Married men scored slightly
higher than did unmarried men on
the work effort index, but they also
took more total break time.
and it wouldn’t budge, Sclik
said. But if someone stompsm
will bend, so $2.80 had tobei
to the $10 price to cover the:
ance — a price hike of 28 pern
Businessmen are seeking!
year statute of limitations I
manufacturers to close theW
products out of their control.Hnncom]
reasonable time. So-called“sU item K
the art” legislation, prevents ners liv
products from being judge; Hd or s
modern standards, also is soup ither, al
Without such safegw drying
Schierholz said, costs will coni ons; toi
to increase. m horn*
“We had a $300,000 suits The coal
for $600. You know that hadti a long
nuisance suit if they were wl irepayc
settle for that, hut meanwhile! ne and
us a lot in legal fees.” -es Co
What would help most, hei od Tow
would be some well publicize! Us a b
in which the plaintiffs lostandi ’plies of
forced to pay legal fees
sides.
But even without suchii ler kind;
Schierholz wouldn’t be surprii ' c h had
the problem of product liabili' :ad of k
surance became a common
“Medical malpractice,” be
“is peanuts compared to
lem.”
GLAD TO SEE
YOU BACK, AGGIE!
It looks liko a groat year for the Texas Agi
and the professional Dallas Cowboy!
w finds
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