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Researchers seek method
for earthquake control
THE BATTALION Page 3
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 13, 1975
Man is on the road to controlling
earthquakes.
TAMU scientists may predict ear
thquakes and even lessen their de
structive force as the result of re
search at the Center for Tec-
tonophysics.
A group is making experimental
high-pressure studies of the causes
of movements along faults.
Drs. Mel Friedman, John Logan
and Mr. Jack Magouirk received a
grant this week of $42,000 from the
U.S. Department of the Interior to
continue this work.
“It’s known that a number of
warning events take place up to
three years prior to a major ear
thquake,” Friedman said. “These
include changes in the way seismic
waves travel through the area of
eventual faulting and changes in the
electrical resistance of the rock.
“These effects are caused when
the rock mass begins to fracture
prior to the major favdt displace
ment that produces the ear
thquake,” he said. “The fracturing
causes a volume increase and an as
sociated change in the degree of
water saturation and pressure in the
rock.
“The volume increase is known to
occur prior to the faulting or previ
ously solid rock,” Friedman said.
“But, it’s not known, and it’s our job
to determine, if it occurs when ear
thquakes originate along previously
broken rock.”
Most earthquakes occur along
faults with a history of movement
like the San Andreas fault in
California.
“The volume increase occurs as a
result of minute fracturing in rocks
stressed almost to their breaking
point,” he said.
According to their model of
events, the rocks along a fault con
tract before an earthquake, reduc
ing the fluid pressure in the rock.
This contraction has the effect of
Wainerdinamedhead
of resource center
strengthening the rock and tem
porarily delaying the quake. How^
ever, water from the surrounding
regions can seep in and trigger the
earthquake.
“Another area of the research in
cludes developing ways to produce
and therefore to control ear
thquakes, Friedman said. “One
method under study involves caus
ing many small earthquakes to
eliminate major, catastrophic ones.
“It is proposed that wells could be
drilled and water injected into the
fault zone, which would ‘lubricate
it,’ causing small displacements and
prohibiting the major ones,” he
said. “Likewise, water can be
pumped out to stop movement
along the fault. This way ear
thquakes could be turned on and
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The new center for energy and
Mineral Resources at TAMU will he
directed by Dr. Richard E.
Wainerdi.
TAMU’s board of directors au
thorized establishment of the center
to coordinate and expand the un-
versity’s research, teaching and
public service programs regarding
better utilization of existing energy
and mineral supplies.
“The center will be the focal point
for our work with state agencies in
volved in energy-related activities,
particularly the Governor’s Energy
Advisory Council,” Dr. Jack Wil
liams, TAMU President, said.
“Additionally, the center will
seek federal projects which coincide
with the university’s strengths in
the energy and mineral field and
complement our primary goal of
meeting the needs of Texas. ”
Wainerdi will serve as director of
the new center as part of his overall
responsibilities as associate vice
president for academic affairs.
“Dr. Wainerdi’s diverse
background and proven record of
providing direction for major prog
rams make him an ideal and obvious
choice for this key position,” said’
Dr. John C. Calhoun, Jr., vice pres
ident for academic affairs.
A member of the TAMU faculty
since 1957, Wainerdi came to the
university to develop nuclear-
science programs. He initiated
work on both the Nuclear Science
Center and the Cyclotron Institute.
He founded the university s Activa
tion Analysis Research Laboratory
which has gained worldwide recog
nition in use of nuclear techniques
to determine chemical composition.
In conjunction with his teachingand
research activities he has served as
associate dean of engineering and
associate director of the Texas En
gineering Experiment Station.
Wainerdi was appointed assistant
vice president for academic affairs in
1971 and promoted to associate vice
president last year. He also is pro
fessor of chemical engineering.
One of his major areas of respon
sibility in recent years has been
coordination of TAMU’s medical-
related activities.
In assuming directorship of the
new center, Dr. Wainerdi will pro
vide guidance for a far-reaching
program expected to involve per-
soniyel thr^ugljqut the university.
TAMl) already has more than 20
energy-related projects in progress.
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