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Court Slows Education Finance Reformers
An (A*) News Analysis
WASHINGTON—The Supreme
Court decision upholding local
property taxes for financing
schools is going to slow but not
stop the movement to change the
way public education is paid for.
Those who want to reduce or
reform the dependence of the
schools on the local property tax
will shift their emphasis from
federal courts to state courts and
to state legislatures.
Already there has been action
even in states where no court
has ordered it. At almost the
same time the court rendered its
5-4 decision, Virginia Gov. Lin-
wood Holton signed a bill that
will increase state aid per pupil
to $628, in an effort to make
spending per pupil more equal
within the state.
The problem with the local
property tax has been that one
community with expensive homes
or a lot of industry could set a
low property tax rate and raise
more money per pupil than a
community with a higher tax rate
but with less taxable property.
Federal and state courts in
California, Texas, Wyoming, New
Jersey, Michigan, Minnesota,
Kansas and Arizona had ruled
since August 1971 that this vio
lated either state or federal con
stitutional provisions, particu
larly the 14th Amendment’s equal
protection of the laws provision.
The Supreme Court, to the sur
prise of many, said there was no
right to education protected by
the federal Constitution. Still
many of these decisions may stand
on the basis of state laws.
Further, these decisions did
not outlaw the property tax, even
locally administered. They only
said that each child had to have
roughly equal tax resources be
hind him for education whether
the resources were spent or not.
Many states which have con
sidered the issue have gone to the
further conclusion that spending
per pupil should be roughly equal,
though the courts did not require
that.
The federal Advisory Commis
sion on Intergovernmental Rela
tions, a permanent panel of state,
federal and local officials, esti
mated that in 1970 it would have
cost $7 billion in new educational
spending to virtually equalize
spending per pupil within states.
Despite that cost, the ACIR
said in December that even if
the Supreme Court ruled as it did
Wednesday, this type of litigation
“has so dramatized intrastate dis
parities in spending, that state
political leaders will hereafter be
under constant pressure to im
prove the state’s distribution of
school funds.”
Meanwhile, state commissions
in California, New York, New
Jersey and Vermont, which
studied school finance and re
ported before the Supreme Court
decision, all recommended reduc
ing the reliance on the local
property tax in favor of increased
statewide taxes.
While those recommendations
were rejected by the New Jersey
legislature and never submitted
to the New York legislature, in
California late last year the legis
lature increased the state’s per
centage of school costs from 35
per cent to 50 per cent.
In Minnesota, the legislature
has increased the state share of
school costs from 43 per cent
two years ago to 70 per cent this
year. Utah too has increased the
state’s share this year.
As of the middle of last sum
mer, official studies of school
financing were being made in 47
states.
“State legislatures really have
begun to grapple with this,” said
Stephen Browning of the Lawyers
Committee for Civil Rights Under
Law, which has coordinated school
finance suits around the nation.
“In at least a dozen states, the
prospect for substantial school
tax reform is very high,” he said.
‘These states are moving because
of the inequities in the present
system and not because of the
threat of litigation.”
But Browning acknowledged
that “some states which would
have fallen in line through court
orders might not do so now.”
Meantime, more than 50 suits
similar to that on which the Su
preme Court ruled are on file in
more than 30 states. Browning
said at least 25 of these make'
their arguments on the basis of
state constitutional requirements
to provide education and not on
the federal constitutional guaran
tees which the Supreme Court
ruled out Wednesday.
Russ Vlaanderan of the Den
ver-based Education Commission
of the States, supported by 44
state governments, said “This de
cision is going to make it even
rougher to get anything done, but
the commission is committed to
reform on educational and moral
values regardless of the decision.”
The 9,000 state and local affili
ates and 1.2 million educators
who are members of National
Education Association also will
continue to press for tax reform,
according to Allan M. West, act
ing executive secretary of the
group.
CWENS Tap New Members
In Ceremonies This Weekend
Muon Interaction With Iron
Subject Of Chemistry Study
Muons are particles that can
routinely penetrate several meters
of solid iron, and their interaction
with iron will be the subject of
a newly funded study by Dr.
Philip J. Green of the Chemistry
Department.
“Since muons can penetrate
solid iron so easily,” Dr. Green
said, “they are extremely difficult
to study. We want to examine
some apparent differences be
tween positive and negative muons
that have no particular reason
for existing.”
One of the properties under
investigation, according to Dr.
Green, is that positive muons
seem to interact more than the
negative muons in solid iron.
The $7,830 grant, made by Re
search Corporation, a New York-
based institution, is expected to
run more than two years, accord
ing to Dr. Green.
Research Corporation is a non
profit institution for the advance
ment of science that currently
grants more than $3 million each
year to support research in the
natural sciences and for public
health nutrition programs.
Fifty freshman women will be
tapped into membership of Alpha
Zeta CWENS Friday morning in
the MSC Social Room.
The Texas A&M Chapter of
CWENS, created last spring, is
a national honorary and service
society for sophomore women
based on old Anglo-Saxon ideas
and customs. The word CWEN
refers to an old Anglo-Saxon
word queen or lady, and the
society is characterized by rituals
from that time period.
“Any girl with at least a 3.0
GPR was eligible to apply for
membership into CWENS,” said
Debi Blackmon, vice-president.
“We had over 300 freshman
women attend our tea and 100 of
those applied for active member
ship.
“Of those, we interviewed and
discussed each girl—her involve
ment in campus activities and her
willingness to be involved in
service projects and other special
programs usually undertaken
each year,” she said.
“There’s a lot said about how
useless societies are and how they
attract only superficial students.
All this is too often true,” Black
mon said, “but we hope CWENS
has more than that kind of ap
peal. To insure that, the Election
Board has tried to hick down-to-
earth people who are interested
in Texas A&M and don’t mind
working.”
The following women were
picked for membership next year:
Manette Bard, Pam Barlow,
Barbara Bell, Karen Boerner,
Judy Brockett, Jean Buttery, Sue
Canedy, Mary Corey, Carissa
Cravey, Donna Durow, Sherri
Ellis, and Robin Elsik.
Margo Heinrich, Cheryl Fricke,
Wanda Gaston, Karen Grunwald,
Judi Gundersheimer, Monica Haj-
da, Sara Hixson, Meredith How
ard, Pamela Jewell, Debbie Karr,
Pan lette Lasater, Kathleen
Lowry, and Karen Mahler.
Also, Debbie Mills Michele
Moss, Rhonda Motal, Cindy Mur
ray, Martha Puckett, Robin Rad-
lein, Ann Ramage, Jane Reed,
Diane Roberts, Kathy Roden-
berger, Debbie Rodgers, Donna
Schroeder, Brenda Scoggins,
Patsy Shannon, Sally Slomer,
Gradyne Sparks, and Connie
Stephenson.
Karen Sterling, Kit Thornton,
Fran Titus, Cynthia Walters, Gay
Weaver, Marilyn White, Kimberly
Wolf and Teresa Wymola.
New members will choose offi
cers Saturday for 1973-74 and
discuss CWENS.
Old members will sponsor the
CWEN Feast Sunday in the
Bryan Woman’s Club at 7 p.m.
to initiate incoming members and
offer new members a chance to
accept or reject membership in
the CWENS Society.
We are proud to announce
DR. JOHN E. HUTCHINSON
Associate Dean of Agriculture
and Director —
Mas Agriculture Extension Service
Dr. John E. Hutchinson, Director of the Texas Agriculture Exten
sion Service and Associate Dean of Agriculture at Texas A&M, has
joined the family of Companion Companies National Farm Life —
Agricultural Workers Mutual Auto Insurance Company as a member
of the Board of Directors of both companies. Dr. Hutchinson re
places James D. Prewitt (deceased) former Vice-Director of the
Agriculture Extension Service at A&M.
Dr. Hutchinson, with three degrees from Texas A&M and his
Doctorate from University of Chicago, taught Vocational Agriculture
nine years prior to 1945, when he began his career with the Exten
sion Service. He was made the Director in 1954 with service in that
position for almost 20 years.
Dr. O. M. Holt, who is professor in the graduate section of Ag
Education at Texas A&M, has been promoted to the Executive Com
mittee of Management and Vice-Chairman of the Board of Agricul
tural Workers Mutual Auto Insurance Company, the position for
merly held by J. D. Prewitt of College Station. Dr. Holt is also a
member of the Board of Directors of companion company, National
Farm Life. Both companies are headquartered in Fort Worth in their
Home Office on the Fort Worth-Dallas Turnpike.
Dr. Holt, who has two degrees from Texas A&M — a B.A.,
Masters in Ag Education and has Doctorate in Education from
University of Houston. Dr. Holt taught High School Vocational
Agriculture from 1942 to 1947.
There is POWER in COMPANIONSHIP !
DR. O. M. HOLT
Associate Professor
Agricultural Education
Texas A&M University
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CHARLES STIPE & ASSOCIATES
National Farm Life
Insurance Company
A&M Agency
NORTHGATE CENTER
"Across from the Post Office"
P. a. BOX 1-4B6 FORT WORTH, TEXAS VSIOI
PHONE 451-9550
9BMMnM0
Charles Stipe
Bachelor's and Master's
Degrees in Agri. Education
from Texas A&M
Member TALU, NALU
411 University Drive
Phone 846-5560,
846-5926 & 846-0112
CLIP CARD AND MAIL TODAY
TO: Charles Stipe and /Xssociates
I will grant you or one of your Representatives the Courtesy of
a Conference—without obligation.
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