UTAH
IE BATTALION
Wednesday, February 16, 1972
College Station, Texas
Page 5
Iveston-Hcii
on with th e ]
neering
yW.Hate
Soviet military build up gaining momentum, Laird reports
WASHINGTON (^—Secretary
jdf Defense Melvin R. Laird re-
Irted anew Tuesday the Soviet
j engfnP f’^ 17 up “is showing
’nsortiu ^ l en &rea T' er momentum” than
inejfin , I predicted a year ago, requiring
, es ajj/’t,. P United States “to undertake
, n j C £ Imajor new strategic initiative”
ln ( llaird said the administration’s
''Bcision to accelerate develop-
a costly new missile-
rmed submarine force involves
)t only military but also political
» f
)
J\
V
and diplomatic considerations, in
cluding prospects for an arms-
limitation agreement.
“This step must signal to the
Soviets and our allies that we
have the will and the resources
to maintain sufficient strategic
forces in the face of a growing
Soviet threat,” he told Congress
in his annual defense report.
The Russians, Laird said again,
already outstrip the United States
in land-based ICBMs and will
draw even in submarine-launched
missiles next year.
To allow them to achieve a
large numerical superiority in
missiles “would be diplomatically
and politically unacceptable,” he
said in backing the Pentagon re
quest for $942 million in fiscal
1973 for developing a new under
sea-launched missile system
known as ULMS.
ULMS involves building a new
(missile and submarine, bigger,
more difficult to detect and with
greater range than the existing
Polaris-Poseidon craft. ULMS
submarines are expected to cost
at least $1 billion apiece when
the first boat goes to sea in 1978.
While Laird stressed the So
viet’s growing lead in offensive
missiles, he made no reference to
the speed with which the U.S.
is building its arsenal of nuclear
warheads.
But comparative-strength charts
in the secretary’s report show
that the United States, by install
ing multiple warheads (MIRVs)
on its land-based Minute Man
and sea-based Poseidon missiles,
will have in just one year added
1,000 warheads, bringing the U.S.
total to 5,700. During this time,
the Russians upped their total
warhead force to 2,700, an in
crease of only 400.
Laird presented the new de
fense report as completing the
transition begun three years ago
to a strategy which seeks “to
deter war, but insures adequate
capabilities to protect our nation
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and its interests should deterrents
fail.”
U.S. involvement in the Viet
nam War “is coming to an end,”
Laird said, and the planning now
is for America’s long-range se
curity needs.
Despite Soviet advances, Laird
said he is confident the U.S. nu
clear arsenal is sufficient to deter
all-out war.
“This conclusion is valid pro
vided that the improvement pro
grams for existing forces, and
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new programs that will be dis
cussed later, are approved and
developed, and provided that we
are not faced with a serious tech
nological surprise on the part of
the Soviet Union,” he said.
As for the developing Chinese
threat, Laird reported they are
not expected to have an ICBM
capable of striking the United
States until after 1975.
At home, Laird said the U.S.
armed forces will reach by June
1973 their “base line force” of
just under the 2.4 million men
and women, the smallest in 23
years.
Laird renewed his pledge to
end draft calls by July 1973 but
said enlistment and retention
rates in the armed services are
still too low for an all-volunteer
force.
Researchers say
snowmobiles can
cause deafness
CHICAGO 6P)—The noise from
snowmobiles is potentially more
damaging to hearing than that
from most rock ’n’ roll groups,
two Michigan researchers say.
The noise levels of the heavy
model of the winter sports ve
hicles “appear more intense than
other forms of recreational and
environmental noise,” they report.
Dr. Fred H. Bess and Robert
E. Poynor of the Hearing Clinic
of Central Michigan University,
Mount Pleasant, report on their
study of snowmobile noise in the
February issue of the Archives
of Otolaryngology, published by
the American Medical Associa
tion.
Many snowmobile drivers re
port a ringing in their ears and
temporary hearing loss “after
rides of even short duration,”
they say.
“Racing drivers have reported
temporary losses varying from
four to 14 days following compe
tition racing,” they add, and cite
a case marked permanent hearing
loss in one youth who had driven
a high-power, “souped up” snow
mobile for five years.
The Central Michigan study
involved 12 divers, ages 11 to
33, and five passengers, ages 6
to 30, with a median age of 14.
The subjects rode the vehicles
for two hours in a cross-country
"safari” and were tested before
and after the ride.
Even at idle the noise level
from 22-horsepower snowmobiles
exceeded the levels considered to
be potentially damaging, the re
searchers report.
Measured half an hour after
the “safari,” the subject still
showed some hearing loss, they
found.
They observed that most of
the subjects tested in the study
rode the snowmobile an average
of two hours a day during the
school week and three to five
hours each on Saturday and Sun
day.
Many snowmobilers ride for as
long as eight hours on weekend
trips, they noted.
The researchers said the noise
levels produced by the 22-horse-
power snowmobile should not be
tolerated for more than eight
minutes and those of the 26-horse
power engine for not more than
two minutes.
“It seems certain,” they said,
“that snowmobile engine noise
endangers hearing.”
Consequently, they recommend
that “drivers and riders should
wear some form of protection
when snowmobiling, and govern
mental public officials should es
tablish and monitor safe maxi
mum sound pressure levels for
snowmobile engines.”
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