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Cloudy
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y 0 l. 67 No. 44
College Station, Texas
Friday, November 12, 1971
Friday — Clear to partly
cloudy. Southerly winds 10-15
mph. High 78°, low 54°.
Saturday —; Partly cloudy.
Southerly winds 10-12 mph. High
78°, low 61°.
Houston Kickoff time — Partly
cloudy. Southeasterly winds 10-12
mph. 76°. 60% relative humidity.
845-2226
Senate endorsement
given to military aid
WASHINGTON The Sen
ile completed its two-step revival
IV() tithe foreign aid program Thurs-
k by passing a $1.5 billion mil
itary aid measure.
Before voting 65 to 24 to ap
prove the bill, the Senate re
stored $318 million to it in re
sponse to a warning that reduc-*
lions might jeopardize U. S.
lithdrawal from Vietnam.
Together with the $1.1 billion
Konomic aid bill passed Wednes-
„ "p" ray night, the military bill pro-
lilies a $2.6 billion package in
place of the $2.9 billion measure
rejected just 13 days ago.
unde- The bill now goes to the House
S n, off campus
beat
Class
which earlier this year voted $3.4
billion for the aid program, just
$100 million below the Nixon ad
ministration’s request.
The immediate parliamentary
path for the aid program still
appears clouded—and funds may
run out temporarily next Mon
day. But the Senate action ap
pears to assure the program will
continue for now, though at a
reduced level.
The administration won a ma
jor victory when the Senate voted
46 to 42 for an amendment by
Sen. John C. Stennis, D-Miss.,
chairman of the Armed Services
Committee, to restore $318 mil
lion cut by the Foreign Relations
Committee.
It rejected 46 to 43 a move to
lower the bill’s $341 million
spending ceiling on U.S. opera
tions in Cambodia.
But the bill, as passed, con
tains Democratic Leader Mike
Mansfield’s amendment calling
for total U.S. withdrawal from
Indochina within six months as
well as a series of restrictions
on the aid program opposed by
the administration.
Mansfield charged that, by ap
proving $400 million more for
arms aid than economic assist
ance the Senate had put the
emphasis of the aid program on
“the weapons of destruction, on
military might.”
Chairman J. W. Fulbright, D-
Ark., of the Foreign Relations
Committee, who failed in a move
to cut the arms aid program ear
lier Thursday, said “I had hoped
we would take a different ap
proach and give emphasis to an-<
other place.”
A telephone call from Secretary
of State William P. Rogers to
Scott, promising that the admin
istration would promptly spend
$85 million in supporting assist
ance for Israel, appeared to have
helped carry the Stennis amend
ment.
Oceanography growing quickly
HARRY MARSHALL
Sljff Writer
Pollution problems in the Gulf
([Mexico and studies of fishery
productivity in the Antarctic
Ocean are but two of the re
search problems undertaken by
tie Department of Oceanogra-
The department conducts re
search on a world-wide scale
thile teaching the many-faceted
science of oceanography to its
students.
“We have a faculty of 26 and
suploy 110 other support person-
Nlsuch as scientists and techni-
Mns,” said Dr. R. A. Geyer, de
triment head. The present fa-*
iities are spread out over the
etnpus in four buildings, Bizzell
fall, Goodwin Hall, Olin E.
league Research Center, and the
library.
“In the new Oceanography and
Meteorology Building due to be
ipleted next fall, we will have
tet of the basement and seven
Utors. This will let us expand
•ur staff and give us many more
tlassrooms and lecture
plained Geyer.
‘When we get into the new
Wding we will be able to offer
®eral new courses. Some of
fee will be in cooperation with
jbe College of Engineering which
formulating a new curriculum
a lled Ocean Engineering. This
'ill be the study of water and
Sneering factors that apply to
areas,
the design and construction of
structures in the water,” said
Geyer.
The oceanography curriculum
is a graduate-study program.
“There is not a specific, set
undergraduate degree in ocean
ography, because it is not a basic
science. We draw on all sciences
to do our work,” Geyer said.
There are six sub-disciplines
in the curriculum: biological,
chemical, geological, geophysical,
meteorological, and physical. The
student chooses the one best suit
ed to his interests and his quali
fications. Most of the students
come into the program with an
undergraduate degree in science
and no previous oceanographic
training.
The department is taking an
active part in the Sea Grant Pro
gram recently awarded to A&M.
“Our part is mainly doing re
search on specific oceanic prob
lems for the program. It is ad
ministered by the Center of Ma
rine Resources,” said Geyer.
“One of the problems we are
working on now concerns the na
tural oil seeps in the Gulf of
Mexico. We are trying to ‘fin
gerprint’ the key chemical char
acteristics of this oil so when oil
and tar deposits are found on the
beaches, we can tell their origins.
This way we can tell if the pol
lution is man-made or a natural
occurrence,” explained Geyer.
Eight oil companies are also
helping with this project.
“We are doing research in the
Wadel Sea in the Antarctic Ocean
to study the productivity of fish
eries. We can then apply much
of this information to fish pro
duction in the Gulf,” commented
Geyer.
Another major research pron
gram the department is engaged
in is the establishment of guide
lines on pollution. “We are
checking the concentrations of
key pollutants in the ocean to
set a baseline for future refer
ence. Much of this is affected
by the Mississippi River which
carries pollutants into the Gulf.
Then currents smear them all up
and down the coast,” said Geyer.
The present curriculum inte
grates students’ textbook learn
ing with research being done by
the department. “The students
work on their dissertations using
information they have obtained
from cruises on our research
ships,” Geyer said. This provides
the student with valuable experi
ence.
The department offers two
undergraduate courses. These are
205, which is a one hour course
designed to familiarize the stu
dent with the field, and 401,
which is a course to broaden the
scientific knowledge of other
science majors.
Two ships are operated by the
oceanography department for re
search purposes. One operates
in deep-water and is named the
Alaminos. The other is a shal
low-water craft and is named the
Orca. The U.S. Navy is building
a new ship for the department’s
use. It will be ready in about 18
months. A new $200,000 staging
area and maintenance facility is
being built on Pellican Island to
handle these ships.
“The field of oceanography is
expanding rapidly and the op
portunities are excellen t,”
stressed Geyer. Major areas of
future development include under
water habitation facilities, de
sign of offshore loading and un
loading facilities for ships with
drafts too deep to come into con
ventional ports, and the devel
opment of new species of fish for
food uses. The ocean is an un
tapped natural resource of the
future, said Geyer.
A black’s view of the state government was presented Thursday afternoon by Rep. Cur
tis Graves of Houston. Please see accompanying story. (Photo by Joe Matthews)
Black representative
Graves raps
state government
By SUE DAVIS
News Editor
The Texas Constitution has so
restricted state legislators, it is
almost impossible for them to
do their job, Curtis Graves, black
state representative from Hous
ton, said Thursday.
Speaking to an enthusiastic
standing-room-only audience at a
Political Forum presentation.
Graves railed against the Texas
government which he claims is in
the hands of large corporations.
“I may have been a little ahead
of my time,” Graves said, when
he fought for minimum wages for
Mexican-Americans and for black
history printed in the history
books.
“I may have been a little ahead
of my time when I said we needed
a two-party system in this state,”
he added. Graves is a Democrat,
but he said he would have no
qualms about voting for a Repub
lican. He believes people should
vote for the man and not for the
party.
Graves continued that he may
have been ahead of his time when
he ran for mayor of Houston.
He said he may have been
ahead of his time when he said
Gov. Preston Smith would make
Texas a national laughing-stock
or when he demanded earlier this
year that Gus Mutscher, Tommy
Shannon and Bill Heatly resign
from their positions of authority
because of the stock fraud scan
dal.
“I may he a little ahead of my
time today when I say that the
money - manipulated government
of Texas is going to fall,” Graves
said. “It’s time for us to get
the government out of the hands
of the big corporations and into
the hands of the people.”
Graves accused Lt. Gov. Ben
Barnes of killing the redistricting
bill in the Senate, forcing the job
on a redistricting hoard. The new
districts could then be drawn up
the way Barnes, whom Graves re
ferred to as “his eminence,”
wanted them to be, he continued.
The new districts were the
“best example of gerrymandering
ever seen in the deep South,”
Graves said.
Referring to Barnes, Graves
commented, “All of us should do
everything we can to see that
that kind of politician is not re
turned to office.”
“I think we will see a sweep
ing out” of the state government,
Graves said, after the stock scan
dal. He added that perhaps Tex
as should have more scandals pe
riodically to clean out the govern
ment.
Graves commented that he saw
nothing wi*ong with a college pro
fessor holding a public office.
“I think it’s high time we got
some intelligent people in of
fice,” he said.
Graves believes the regulatory
agencies appointed by the gover
nor should be reformed. They
should contain a certain amount
of lay people, rather than mem
bers of the industry they are
supposed to regulate, and that
their terms should coincide with
that of the governor, he said.
Hayden argues treatment
of contemporary Indians
Flea market benefit planned
for Mental Health Center
^mittee. (Photo by Joe Matthews)
White elephant booths, pony
rides, and cake sales will high
light the Flea Market benefit be
ing held November 20 in front
of the Mental Health Center (Old
St. Joseph Hospital) in Bryan.
Over 15 different organizations
have planned to sponsor events
for the benefit, including the
American Legion Auxiliary ^159,
the Brazos Area Volunteers, St.
Paul Methodist Church, the LU-
LAC Councils ^229 and ^622,
the V.F.W. Auxiliary 4692, the
El Club Social, the Pythian Sis
ters, Tau Epsilon Beta Sigma
Phi, Upsilom Rho Beta, Omega
Phi Alpha, the Mental Health
Center employes, V.F.W. Post
4692, V.F.W. Auxiliary Post
4377, and the Bryan Rodeo Co.
The organizations are sponsor
ing food stands, cake sales, a
country store, children’s rides and
many other competitive games.
Also, many organizations are
donating items for sale. Individ
uals wanting to donate articles
such as garage sale items should
bring them to the center No
vember 15 or 16 from 9 a.m. till
4 p.m. Persons that would like
theib items picked up should call
822-1355.
The public is invited and urged
to participate in The Flea Mar
ket benefit. The El Club Social
will also sponsor a Mexican din
ner at Anson Jones High School
on November 21 from 11:30 till
2 p.m. Admission is $1.50 for
adults and $.75 for children.
Baylor, A&M
will cooperate
in grad program
A formal agreement to cooper
ate in graduate programs has
been approved by officials of
Baylor College of Medicine and
A&M.
The agreement is part of a
previously announced overall en
deavor for the two institutions to
cooperate in fields of mutual
interest, including comparative
medicine and allied health career
development.
“Purpose of this cooperative
agreement is to achieve more ef-*
fective utilization of the gradu
ate resources of A&M and Bay
lor College of Medicine in meet
ing the needs of graduate stu
dents enrolled in either or both
of the two institutions,” states
the formal agreement.
By ROD SPEER
Staff Writer
lola Hayden, a Comanche, re
turned to the former hunting
grounds of her people to lecture
in Thursday night’s Great Issues
presentation.
“I’ve come to see the property
that you’ve kept for me all these
years,” she said.
Hayden is the executive direc
tor of the Americans for Indian
Opportunity. She is an arden
supporter of having more Indians
in the Bureau of Indian Affairs
and has worked to improve eco
nomical and educational oppor
tunities for the American Indian.
Hayden’s talk dealt with In
dians in contemporary society.
Her audience was small due to
the conflict with Political Forum
and the A&M-Tech freshman
football game. The sounds of the
contest could be heard in the
background throughout the lec
ture.
“It is a mistake to lump all
200 Indian cultures in America
into one category,” Hayden em
phasized. It is because of the
great cultural and linguistic dif
ferences among Indians, she feels,
that the American Indian has not
been able to organize like the
blacks.
Hayden contends that govern
ment legislation is geared to the
reservation Indian even though
half of the one million American
University National Bank
“On the side of Texas A&M.”
—Adv.
Indians don’t live on reservations.
“A love-hate relationship ex
ists between the Indian and the
Bureau of Indian Affairs,” she
said. “On the one hand Indians
hate the BIA because it doesn’t
do what we want it to do and
yet we’re dependent on it and
couldn’t live without it.” Hayden
would like to see the BIA taken
out of the Department of the In
terior. She feels that there is a
conflict of interests between the
conversational aspect of the De
partment of the Interior and the
economic requirements of the In
dians.
Hayden admitted that the
American Indian has experienced
a cultural breakdown. “The
whites told the Indian to abandon
his religion for Christianity, to
quit speaking his language, to
cut his hair and to, essentially,
quit being an Indian,” she said.
Hayden attributes Indian women
with saving what little is left of
their original cultures.
Hayden is critical of the way
that textbooks present Indian his
tory. A recent study, she said,
has shown that young Indians
have actually become ashamed
of their race because of the dis
torted picture the textbooks give.
Her organization is now involved
in seeking Indian authors to
write eight elementary textbooks.
“Schools with high Indian ratios
badly need books,” she added.
“The dropout rate with Indian
children is about 70 per cent,”
Hayden said. She is trying to
develop Indian youth councils
within high schools to help re
duce the dropout rate.
Hayden criticized the govern
ment’s attempt to relocate In
dians from reservations to urban
areas in the 1950’s. She called
the effort a “total failure.” Hay
den mentioned that the man who
planned the relocation also
planned the concentration camps
for Japanese-Americans during
World War II.
During the question-and-an-
swer period Hayden said that res
ervations should not be abolished
but should be made good places
to live. “The Indians, like all
other groups, desire a homeland
— no matter how bad it is,” she
said. “It is like the Jews desire
to go to Israel,” she added.
Ida Hayden