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Opinions Vary, But Most Students Back Kennedy
By KENT JOHNSTON
Battalion Staff Writer
A poll taken 24 hours after
resident Kennedy’s policy
statement on the Cuban situa
tion indicates most A&M stu-
ients support his stand.
“I think it is a wise action,
ind 1 respect Kennedy for it,’
stated Glenn Watkins, sopho
more electrical engineer from
Marlin.
Tom Adensan, junior physics
major from Irving, said, “T
thought something on the order
^ )f his speech was necessary,
devas Certainly the presence of of-
fave; iensive weapons in Cuba is in-
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tolerable. The speech was very
direct and very clear.”
Robert Alaniz, senior electri
cal engineer from San Antonio,
said, “I thought the speech was
very good. It stated the posi
tion of most American people.”
Graduate physicist Ray Ny-
degger from Houston held this
opinion: “The president’s stand
was definitely called for, and 1
think it is time for it, but it
could have been more forcefully
said. He should have been more
specific than diplomatic about
the consequences we intend to
carry out for violators of the
policy.”
Some students expressed the
opinion that the president’s ac
tion was overdue, and an earlier
stand that would have halted
the flow of Soviet technicians
and missiles should have been
taken.
Gary Riner, junior architect
from Amarillo, said, “It’s about
time—it .puts the shoe on the
other foot as far as Russia is
concerned.” .
“We waited too long. How
are we going to disarm the Cu
bans now?” asked Watkins.
“While it may have been de
sirable to have made an earlier
stand,” Adensan maintained, “I
don’t think Kennedy would have
received the support and reac
tion that he did had he made
a stand before he gained ' this
latest information on Cuba’s
missile power.”
On the question of Premier
Khmishchev’s reaction, Adensan
continued, “I would like to hope
that Khrushchev is rational
enough to realize the dangers
of shooting his way into Cuba,
but the possibilities of a major
war are there.
“My first impression was that
Soviet reaction was rather mild
in their statement. It seems
that the speech left them
stunned for awhile. It is hard
to say what they will do, be
cause they have not been in such
a position before.”
Hernan Contreras, graduate
math student from Laredo, said,
“I don’t think he will start a
missile war, and it is impossible
to start a limited war in this
situation. He will protest to
the United Nations, and that’s
about all he can do.”
Nydegger feels that Khrush
chev will “Do a lot of hollering
and screeching that this is an
aggressive action on the part
of the U.S. I think he will prob
ably try to run the blockade.”
John Rawley, sophomore elec
trical engineer from Spring
Branch, speculated, “Khrushchev
will have a stiff counter-action
in words but not in actions.”
When asked if the U.S. Cuban
policy might cause another crisis
in Berlin or on some other cold
war front, Richard Miller, sen
ior mechanical engineer from
El Campo, said. “Whether or not
Khrushchev backs down, he may
retaliate through Berlin, or in
tensify the situation there.”
What about a war? Rawley
said, “I don’t think a war is in
the very near future.”
D. W. McMurray, junior mod
ern languages major from Hous
ton said, “Either because of this
or a similar situation, we ai-e
going to have to go to war.”
Contreras said, “This would
probably be the best way to pre
vent a war, taking World War
II as an example. We tried to
prevent the Avar by concessions
and failed. Perhaps this is a
firmer way to approach the sit
uation. It may cause a war,
hut it has a better chance of
preventing it than concessions
Avould.”
tonr.:
Pension Rises
S 4s Red Ships
Near Blockade
WASHINGTON LT 5 )—The United States and the Soviet
lommunists approached an armed showdown on the high seas
,t mid-moming today, as Soviet cargo ships plowed toward
’uba and American naval power converged on them.
Strung out along the approaches to Cuba were an esti-
ated 25 Soviet ships. Some of them quite possibly were
brrying offensive weapons to the Cuban Communist ally—
movement which President Kennedy says must be stopped.
At 9 a. m. Eastern Standard Time, Kennedy’s quarantine
ent into effect and the historic moment was at hand. The
frst warships headed in toward the first Soviet cargo ships.
A few hours before, the Navy had broadcast radio warn
ings to all shipping to stand”
I
Pexas
Che Battalion
Volume 60
COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1962
Number 20
State School Panel Agrees
To Ask For Tuition Hike
fear of the area, that it could
lecome dangerous.
I THERE WAS a report that
soviet Embassy officials here
■ere claiming that no Soviet ship
lould heed the stop signal of any
i.S. warship.
■ Cuba’s Fidel Castro saw the
tiarantine as an act of war and
■scow took a grave and angry
lew.
|For more than a year the ten-
lon between the United States
nd Cuba has mounted. Then on
tonday night, Kennedy made his
ove, announcing a quarantine
ith the clamp on offensive arms
jhipments into Cuba. He was ac
cepting the fact that anything
light happen as a result.
The Defense Department made
foublic aei'ial reconnaissance pho-
graphs which it said proved the
arge that the Soviet Union was
istalling- or has installed ballistic
fiissiles, almost certainly with nu-
ear warheads, on Cuban sites.
THE DEFENSE Department
lept secrecy on the total of Navy
iiips and planes assigned to the
luarantine operation and on the
[recise areas in which they were
operating.
I All indications pointed to a force
d a size and type Avhich seemed
Pore than ample for the job. Ob-
iously, the preparations were for
vents even more far-reaching
han stopping merchantmen at
ea, which might flare up from
his first action.
The Washington Post said So-
iet military attaches were spread-
og the word at a Soviet Embassy
oception Tuesday night that So-
iet ships steaming toward Cuba
[re under orders not to be stopped
'f searched.
Soviet Ambassador Anatoly Do-
'fynin declined to refute the state
ments. Speaking of an assistant
KENNEDY SIGNED a procla
mation Tuesday night formally in-
'°king the quarantine against of-
ensive weapons—an act he said
f as needed to defend the security
d the United States.
I Ten minutes later, Secretary of
IPafense Robert S. McNamara sent
r® Nave’s Task Force 136 its for
mal order to halt all ships headed
[°r Cuba, to examine their cargoes
Pd turn away any vessels—Soviet
P other nationality—found to be
prying missiles, bombs, bombers
pd other weapons that could men-
r« the United States or Latin-
pierican nations.
I The blockaders—already poised
pvoss the Atlantic—were told to
P* the minimum amount of force
pessary to enforce the ban but
uppers were given full authority
® bring into play “whatever force
! p required.” Clearly, this meant
I pKing Soviet vessels, if neces-
K-.
I Shortly after issuing these or-
r rs , McNamara announced he had
pended the enlistments and duty
pVs of all Navy and Marine offi-
p 8 and enlisted men for up to 12
paths. This is intended to pro-
pe the necessary manpower for
blockade and reinforcement of
- e L T .S. na\'al base at Guantanamo
Pi in Cuba.
Under
Opens
Water Film
New Series
Owen Lee, underwater photog
rapher and lecturer, narrated a
two-part film entitled “Exploring
Inner Space” Tuesday night in the
Ballroom of the Memorial Student
Center. His presentation launched
the new International Adventure
Series sponsored by the Great Is
sues Committee.
Before showing the featured mo
vie, Lee talked briefly to the Ball
room-capacity crowd about skin-
diving, undersea research and the
future of the oceans of the world.
He began by talking about Capt.
Jacques-Yves Costeau, head of the
“Calypso Oceanographic Expedi
tions,” and the development of
Day Student Data
Requested By Zinn
Day students have been re
quested to complete biographical
data records in the Department
of Student Affairs prior to Nov.
1.
Student Affairs Director Ben
nie A. Zinn said that a student
could fill out his record in about
two minutes. He suggested that
day students come by his office
in the basement of the Y.MCA
between classes if no other free
time was available.
Senate Post
Run-Off Set
For Thursday
A special run-off election for
sophomore Arts and Sciences rep
resentative to the Student Senate
Avill be conducted in the Memorial
Student Center Thursday. Cecil
M. Bourne and James M. Roberts
are matched in the contest. The
pair tied in last spring’s election.
Roberts, an economics major, is
from Wichita, Kan. He is a mem
ber of the SCONA program com
mittee and the finance committee
of the Aids and Sciences Council.
He is a former Fish Drill Team
member.
Bourne, a pre-vet student, is
from Marquez. He is a member
of the SCONA secretariat.
Only sophomores enrolled in the
School of Arts and Sciences will
be eligible to vote, according to
Albert N. Wheeler, election com
mittee chairman. One voting ma
chine will be set up in the MSC
for the election.
Other election commission offi
cers are Ken Stanton, vice chair
man; and Jimmy Johnson, secre
tary. Advdsor for the commission
is Wayne Smith.
skindiving. Cousteau, for whom
Lee works as master diver, was
the co-inventor of the aqua-lung
and heads the world’s most famous
diving team.
LEE TOLD SEVERAL stories
poking fun at skindivers and con
tinued his pre-film discussion with
comments on the sea as a “new
realm of study” and the future of
the sea as a source of mineral
resources and food.
“Capt. Cousteau believes,” he
said, “that man will some day be
able to go beneath the sea as do
the fish.” He explained that
Cousteau foresees human beings
operated on to receive a set of
“gills” in order to enter the shal
low seas to “farm” and mine the
many resources.
According to Lee, it is possible
that huge, free-floating, man-made
islands wdll be created for explos
ive populations that spread beyond
the limits of land. He also spqke
of “cowboys” who would round/ up
large herds of pelagic (open-ocean
dwelling) fish for harvest.
THE FIRST REEL of Lee’s film
dealt primarily with free-diving
men who use the aqua-lung to ex
plore depths to 200 feet. Its sec
ond portion showed the history of
man’s attack on “inner space”
with machines.
In the film, Cousteau’s oceanog
raphic vessel, the Calypso, visited
areas in the Mediterranean and
Red seas. It showed the transi
tion of diving from unequipped Af
rican pearl hunters to diving-suit-
clad spongers to the aqua-lung div
ers of Cousteau’s crew.
. The film showed the strange and
colorful underwater terrain en
countered by the divers. Scenes
were shown which featured the
swimmers’ experience with fish,
including sharks. Lee talked jok
ingly of sharks but ended his re
marks by emphasizing that he and
his fellow divers have a healthy
respect for the creatures.
Machines which have contributed
to the exploration of the sea were
shown and explained. These were
the diving bell, the bathysphere,
the series of bathyscaphes'•'hnd
Cousteau’s new “diving saucer.”
Lee is the only American mem
ber of the “Calypso Oceanographic
Expeditions.” He was chosen by
Cousteau to show the world-fam- I p
ous underwater movies of the or- j f|
ganization in the United States.
Owen Lee Tell Of Undersea Explorations
A diver for Captain Jacques-Yves Cousteau’s Series sponsored by the Great Issues Com-
“Calypso Oceanographic Expeditions,” Owen ' mittee. The presentation was seen by a
Lee narrated a two-part underwater film to capacity crowd in the MSC ballroom Tues-
kick off the new International Adventure day night.
Former NASA Scientist
Joins Research Foundation
Carter R. Sparger, formerly a ; “We at the Research Foundation
National Aeronautics and Space 1 are pleased that Mr. Sparger has
Administration staft scientist, has I accepted reappointment as vice
been named vice director of the j director,” Dr. Archie M. Kahan,
A&M Research Foundation. | director of the Foundation, said.
He recently completed a year as | “He returns with a greater knowl-
staff scientist in the Office of j edge of how this institution can
Lunar anc^ Planetary Programs at j contribute to the national space
NASA headquarters in Washing- ; research effort.”
ton, D.C. j A native of Wichita Falls and
Sparger had previously served veteran of World War II, Sparger
as operations manager and later I earrie d his B.A. degree at Okla-
vice director of the Research Foun- homa state University and his
dation from 1957 to 1961.
M.S. degree in physical oceanog
raphy here in 1953.
After doing research in physical
oceanography at A&M for two
years^ he joined the U.S. Navy
Electmnics Laboratory in 1955 to | commission
do research in environmental in
fluences on the underwater trans
mission of sound.
Sparger is a member of the
Society of Sigma Xi, graduate re-
Legislature
Must Approve
Any Increase
AUSTIN (#>)—The Texas
Commission on Higher Edu
cation agreed Tuesday to ask
the legislature to double tui
tion and increase appropria
tions by 55 per cent during 1964-
65 for Texas’ 20 colleges.
In a special meeting called to
consider overflow items from the
regular Oct. 8 meeting, the com
mission: 1. Approved budgets for
all 20 colleges and universities $4
million above what was previous
ly recommended, for a total of
$162 million for the 1964-65 bien
nium.
2. Agreed to raise salaries of all
college presidents.
3. Added $800,000 to requested
appropriations for all medical
schools.
4. AGREED TO ask the legis
lature to raise tuition from $50
to $100 a semester.
5. Ordered the staff to ^ study
w r ays to eliminate high school-
lype courses such as remedial
writing and reading and tours
from programs of state institu
tions.
Joe G. Moore Jr., commission
finance examiner, told the com-
mision lhat an additional $2 mil
lion would be needed to finance
an unexpected increase this fall
in enrollment. A total of 110,000
students were registered in 19 col
leges and universities this semes
ter, a nine per cent increase over
last year.
THE COMMISSION added $4
million to staff requests for legis
lative appropriations to the 20
colleges. The colleges asked for
$178.8 million; the staff recom
mended $158.6 million and the
Tuesday decided on
search honorary and the
ican Geophysical Union.
$162 million. The legislature ap
propriated $111.6 million for 1962-
63.
The legislature also will con
sider budget reports from the
Today’s Thought
The same people who can deny
others everything are famous for
refusing themselves nothin g.—
Leigh Hunt
Wire Review
By The Associated Press
WORLD NEWS
NEW DELHI, India —Chinese
Communist troops, armed with the
same type automatic weapons they
used in Korea, drove on the im
portant monastery town of To-
wang Tuesday.
The influential center of Tibet
an Buddhism is at the end of an
Indian jeep road into the steep,
jungled Himalayas along the route
the Dalai Lama took in fleeing
from the Reds in 1959.
An Indian spokesman said the
Chinese launched a new attack
aimed at Towang across Bum Pass,
an important trade route from
eastern Tibet, in a major offensive
near the western end of India’s
northeast frontier province.
U.S. NEWS
WEYMOUTH, Mass.—Massa
chusetts state police sent out a
pickup order Tuesday for Thom
as R. Richards, 37, an electrician,
saying he was wanted for ques
tioning in the record $1.5 million
mail truck robbery in Plymouth
on Aug. 14.
In Boston, U.S. Atty. W. Ar
thur Garrity said no money had
been found yet but it is believed
a milion dollars of the $1,551,-
227 loot is somewhere on the
Richards premises. Garrity
added it wasn’t a figure “picked
out of thin air,” and that it was
believed the rest of the money
was elsewhere.
Amer- J Legislative Budget Board and the
I Governor’s Budget Office before
deciding on budgets for the 20
schools.
The commission approved a sal
ary schedule for college pi*esidents
to be $20,000 for the University
of Houston, Texas Tech, University
of Texas, and A&M; $18,500 for
North Texas University; $17,500
for Arlington State and Lamar
State Colleges; $16,500 for Texas
Southern and Texas Women’s Uni
versities; and $16,000 for presi
dents of all other schools except
Midwestern University, Tarleton
State College and Sul Ross State
College Which were $15,000.
THE COMMISSION decided to
add $885,855 for air conditioning
appropriations for several colleges.
The commission also agreed to
budget for educational television
stations at the University of Hous
ton, Texas Tech, Southwest Texas
State College and the University
of Texas.