Last of Series
Government Of Pakistan
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(Editor’s Note: This is the third and final article by Moham
med A. Khan on his native land of Pakistan. Khan is a graduate
student attending A&M).
By MOHAMMED A. KHAN
"DAKISTAN is a sovereign independent state governed by a cabinet
of ministers collectively responsible to the Constituent Assembly.
Governor General who is the formal head of the State, is nominated
by the Cabinet.
The Governor General has no individual discretion, and is always
presumed to act on the advice of his ministers. He may promulgate
ordinances; but these ordinances are subject to appeal by the Con
stituent Assembly. The dominion is a federation and a member of the
British; Commonwealth but retains the right to secede from it.
Central Judiciary of Federal Court
The central judiciary consists of a Federal Court of Pakistan
with original, appellate, and advisory functions. Its judges are ap
pointed by the Governor General.
The Dominion consists of the Governor’s Provinces (similar to
states in the United States of America), of West Punjab, Sind, North
West Frontier Province, and East Bengal. Each has an elected Legis
lative Assembly and is normally governed by a Cabinet of Ministers
responsible to that Assembly. In exceptional circumstances, however,
the Governor of the Province, who is appointed by the Governor Gen
eral of Pakistan, may be directed by the latter to take over the ad
ministration.
The Provinces are \epresented in the Pakistan Constituent As
sembly by delegates from their own Legislative Assemblies, elected in
accordance with adult franchise.
The Indian States which have acceded to Pakistan are autonomous
with the exception of defense, foreign relations, and communications,
which have been delegated to the Center. The rulers of the states
maintain relations with Pakistan through the Ministry of States and
Frontier Regions. Baluchistan, Tribal territories, and the primitive
people of the Chittagong Hill Tracts are governed by an Agent of the
Governor General.
Pakistan’s State Bank
With the establishment of “State Bank” in July 1948, Pakistan
confirmed its fiscal autonomy. This bank controls and regulates the
currency, credit, and foreign exchange of the country. Pakistan is a
member of the Sterling area. Its strong economic position is borne out
by the fact that in September 1949 when the English pound was de
valued from a ratio of 4.03 U. S. dollars to 2.80 U. S. dollars, and India
also devalued the rupee to a similar extent, Pakistan took no action.
Thus the Pakistan rupee retained its old dollar valuation, its
new exchange rate worked out to 9.26 Pakistan rupees to a pound
and 69.50 Pakistan rupees to 100 Indian rupees against 13.2 rupees
and at par before devaluation, respectively. The exchange rate of
3.2 Pakistani rupees to U. S. dollar remained unchanged.
tsi
the diviner •
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Approximately 80 to 85 percent of the population is Moslem. They
believe in one God, go to one church, and worship one book—the Holy
Koran (Moslem Bible). To them Mohammed is the Apostle of God
and others who preceded him to guide mankind out of wilderness-,
venerable prophets. They hold in"devotion genuine scriptures of other
religions.
As Such they have cultural and spiritual ties Avith other Moslems
of the world. They heed only one “ism”—Islamic Socialism, which, in
a nut shell, means that every individual of the State has equal rights,
to be provided with food, shelter, clothing, education, medical facilities
and the like. Moslems are required to pay Zakat, originally alms or
poor rate, in the proportion of one fortieth, not of their income, but
of their total assets excluding agricultural animals.
Puts Stop To Capitalism
Congress Battle
On Tidelands Set
WASHINGTON, July 19—(A>)—
; ^ The long state-federal battle
over control of off-shore tidelands
is slated to resume in Congress
next week.
The House Rules Cominittee yes
terday approved legislation that
would give title of the lands to the
states.
Rep. Willis (D-La), a sponsor
Of the bill, said it is “rather de
finite” that it will come up for
House consideration next week.
Texas Gets 10 Miles
In some cases the shelf extends
seaward as much as 200 miles.
The bill would provide that 37
and one-half pel* cent of royalties
from the federal government’s
strip would go to the states also.
The supreme court has ruled that
the federal government and not
the states has paramount rights to
all tidelands in decisions on cases
involving Louisiana, Texas and
California.
Congressmen agree that if the
“quit claim” legislation should
al states would own submerged
lands three miles out from their
shorelines—except 10 miles in the
case of Texas^—and the government
would own from the three-mile
This, together with inheritance laws which require estates upon
death to be divided among a large number of beneficiaries, puts a
stop to capitalism. Islam prohibits “Riba” or usury. According to
Pakistani economists, investment in genuine productive enterprise is
not against religious law; but the activities of the money lender and
speculator are unlawful.
The staunch faith of Moslems in predestination makes the one
at home a contented citizen and the one in the battle, a desperate
warrior. Peace, progress, and protection is their cherished motto. Ac
cording to religious law, abstention from purchase, sale or consumption
of alchohol, rules of inheritance, marriage, and divorce are obligatory
for Moslems but not for non Moslems, who enjoy freedom for speech,
religion, worship, culture, and behavior.
Most of the people think that Pakistani woman lives in strict se- #
elusion but modern Pakistan is very different from the days of Rud- Interpreting Tile NcWS
yard Kipling. Purdah the seclusion of woman, has no authority in the
Koran. The Prophet enjoined modesty and decency on women, but he * ■*
also instructed male believers to consult them in affairs of moment. __
His wife, Ayesha, led the troops in battle mounted on a camel, and Xl UlS II ®
^ p * rt in whi ' h ““ W aten Jr oil lical Ltoroilaries
The bin provides that the coast, ^“de^rvefoeT"^
Women’s Rights Insured
The religious law insures the rights of women in property, in->
heritance, and divorce. There was a time when women wore veils in,
public but after the birth of a new nation, this custom is gradually
dying out. Now one finds women in different walks of life. There are
woment artists, doctors, poets, school principals, accountants, recep
tionists, custom officers, radio announcers, research workers, etc.
Several of them are taking training in Women National Guard,
Women Naval Reserve, and Girl Guides. Pakistan Women’s League is
a political organization through which they fight elections and are
thus elected as members to the Legislative Assembly.
Some of them even serve as ministers in the Cabinet, ambassadors
in foreign countries, and delegates to various international organiza
tions.
By J. M. ROBERTS, JR.
Associated Press News Analyst
TN connection with the U. S. ef-
■^fort to include Spain in the Eu
ropean defense program, there are
several interesting political corol
laries to watch.
France and Britain have drawn
a fine line. On the record, they
will have nothing to do with Fran
co’s Fascist regime. But if the
United States w r ants to bring an
other ally into camp, they will not
actively resist.
Britain says she still cannot regime more acceptable to the
condone, however, the way Franco western democracies, however, sug-
came to power, his ruthlessness in
keeping it, and his oppression of
civil liberties. (Incidentally, Brit
ain’s conscience seems less sensi
tive about the Mao Tse Tung re
gime in Peiping, which came to
power the same way and uses even
worse tactics in a China where
British commercial interests are
very important.)
Reports that Franco is about to
adopt some reforms to make his
legislation several years ago.
Truman Changed Mind?
In Louisiana, however, Attorney
wcuia own xrom xne xnree-nme General Bolicar Kemp said today
mark to the edge of the continental Truman may have changed his
tt j xi i ii xx , mind about vetoing legislation on
Under the bill, states would be tidelands
entitled to 100 per cent royalties Kemp said Baily Walsh, Wash-
collected from oil development. ington attorney representing Loui-
The continental shelf is ocean sj . ina on th / i8 ^ e sported a
floor that slopes away from the « so f teninff attitude on the part of
continent for varying distances, the President ”
Kemp said Walsh told him that
if Congress passes the pending
bill by a strong margin, Mr. Tru
man may not exercise his veto.
Willis said he has strong hope
that the House will pass the qu§|
claim bill.
On the Senate side, the Interioiw-
Committee is still considering the?
question. It previously rejected
quit claim legislation and voted “in
principle” for a substitute spon
sored by Sen. Long (D-La).
Long’s bill would allow the
states to continue supervision of
all leasing and impound all royal
ties until Congress decides on al
location.
Willis predicted that the final
—if any—bill to come out of Con
gress will be drafted by a joint
Senate-House conference commit
tee.
gests that military operation
might have the eventual result of
doing the Spanish people some
good and making Spain less object
ionable to all.
The United States, of course,
cannot let Europe think that she
might, in case of war, abandon
front-line positions in Germany in
favor of a redoubt in Spain pend
ing a buildup for a war of libera-
(See COROLLARIES, Page 4)
Battalion Editorials
Page 2
THURSDAY, JULY 19, 1951
Look At It This Way
Drouth vs. Flood. . .
^EW OF us are able to really sympathize
* with the peoples of Kansas-Missouri-Ok-
lahoma flood-stricken are^.
The farmer who looks across his favor
ite “forty” and sees the spindly cotton droop
ing pitifully, begging for a few drops of
rain; or the merchant, as he stands before
Northerners
Hide Your Face
TTHE NORTH, which has long boasted of
■*- its unprejudiced nature and looked scorn
fully down upon the provincial minded South,
has ample reason to be red-faced.
Cicero, 111., a city of 70,000, has nestled
quietly in the obscuring shadow of its big
urban neighbor, Chicago, for the last quarter
century. In 1925, “Scarface Al” Capone made
it the capital of his “empire of eniquity.”
Since then, Cicero has tried to live down
the ill-fame that was created for it by the
Capone “gang,” but last week, apparently be
cause it was unable to resist the desire for
the national spotlight any longer, Cicero
acted in a way that should cause the North
to blush brilliantly.
Harvey E. Clark, a Negro bus'driver who
said he was not aware of the fact that no
Negroes lived in the community, tried to
move into an apartment there. A riot re
sulted and the National Guard had to be
called in to halt the uprising. Police are still
patrolling the battered apartment building.
For a fellow who has always preached
open-mindedness and brotherly love, for one
who has set himself upon a pedestal as a
guiding light for equal rights, and for one
who has so diligently attacked segregation,
it surely appears that Mr. North has be
haved in a most embarrassing manner.
his business place, looking pleadingly toward
the North where a thunder-head is formulat
ing in a shower promising way; the house
wife, as she goes about her routine dutiep,
transferring the family fan from room jto
room in an effort to withstand the stiffling
heat; or even the minister who leads his
congregation in Sunday prayer, casually ask
ing that if it be His will, let a little rain
come; are all so affected by the drouth of
this section that it is difficult for them to
visualize an area where water stands several
feet deep in the streets.
Perhaps there are many residents of this
section who have lived, at one time or an
other, along the banks of a mighty river that
swelled and swelled until its rushing current
seemed to sing, “don’t fence me in.” If so,
those people are in a better position to sym
pathize with the thousands who have been
left not only homeless, but penniless, by the
unruly waters of the various rivers in the
flood area.
President Truman, after his whirlwind
tour of the flooded areas, says that the flood
was the greatest disaster this country “has
ever suffered from water.” The President
further stated that he would sign the $25
million flood relief bill as soon as it reached
his desk.
Even so, this amount will bear only a
small portion of the loss. The professional
men, according to most news reports, are the
ones hardest hit by the flood. However, their
losses, in most cases, will be minimized by
insurance. Our deepest sympathy goes to
the poorer families, who at the best have
very little, and who are now destitute for
food and shelter.
It might moist our drouth stricken souls
if we were to offer not only our sympathy
but our prayers to those are so severely hit
by the worst flood in our history.
Ford Fellowship
Names Math Prof
Winner at A&M
Austin
The Battalion
Lawrence Sullivan Ross, Founder of Aggie Traditions
"Soldier, Statesman, Knightly Gentleman”
By JOEL AUSTIN
Battalion Editor
Fourteen faculty members of Texas colleges and univer
sities have received an announcmeent which lists them win
ners of the first Ford Foundation Award.
Jack T. Kent, assistant professor of
mathematics at A&,M was included in the
Texas winners of this award which seeks to
enable younger faculty members in colleges
throughout the country to improve their
competence in under-graduate training.
The fellowship program, which operates
under a fund of $2,280,000, was instituted
this year.
A&M had an assigned quota of five nom
inees and two alternates for the fellowships,
and from a list of 28 applicants, the Execu
tive Commmittee selected the following:
Richard A. Bartlett, Department of History; Robert N.
Craig, Department of Agricultural Engineering; Durward E.
Newsom, Department of Journalism; Travis J. Parker, De
partment of Geology, and Richard B. Rypma, Department of
Biology.
Alternates selected by the Executive Committee were
as follows:
Kent, Mathematics Department and James C. Wil-
hoit, Jr., Department of Mechanical Engineering.
•
In all, the funds awarded to 250, of the Fox'd Foundation lists two
amounted to $1,096,970.21 in ad- principal objectives:
dition to ti’avel and tuition costs. ® “To make constx’uctive use of
Another fund—a national fund the present emex’gency period by
for medical education—announced enabling a lax'ge number of young-
grants totaling $1,132,500 to the er teachei’S to incx-ease their com-
79 accredited medical schools of petence in under-graduate instruc-
the nation. tion.
The fellowship px'ogram is de- • “To assist colleges in keeping
signed to increase the teaching a substantial number of promising
skill of younger college instruc- young teachers who might other-
tors while reducing the shock of wise be lost to academic life be-
mobilization to college and univer- cause of the potential curtailment
sity faculties. of college operations by mobiliza-'
This faculty fellowship px'ogram tion.”
•
A nation - wide program, the genex-al intent in the following
Ford Foundation directs the fac- way:
ulty fellowship program by a com- . “Each applicant will submit a
mittee of administration of 16 col- plan for increasing his effective-
leges and university presidents and ness in undergraduate instruction,
deans. Plans may differ from field to
m, t- j tt, , mi x • field and individual to individual.
The Ford Foundation will strive « Th invo , ve the explor _
to make the fellowships equal in ation of fields of stud relate P d to
value to the recipients present the i nstruc t or - s major field; re
earning level, in addition to trav- search inves ti gat ions relating to
el and tuition allowances where instructional problems; the analy-
they are necessary. s j s 0 £ secondar y school teaching
The committee also accepted ap- problems as they relate to colle-
plications for the fellowships from giate instruction; or internship un
students who graduated at the end der appropriate supervision in
of the*last academic school year, promising programs of under-
Kent’s selection was based on graduate education,
his proposal of what project he
• GROCERIES •
3 POUND CARTON MRS. TUCKER’S
Shortening 83c
2—NO. 2/ t CANS STOKLEY’S
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2—NO. 2 CANS CRYSTAL
Pie Cherries 49c
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1— 25-FT. ROLL WEAR EVER
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2— ROLLS SCOT BATH ROOM
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3 POUND CAN
Crisco 99c
FIRM, CRISP ICEBERG
Lettuce .... 2 heads
2—NO. 2 CANS KIM BELL’S
Whole Beans 41c
150 SIZE FLORIDA
Oranges doz.
3—300 CANS DIAMOND
Pork & Beans 25c
CALIFORNIA SEEDLESS
Grapes ...... 2 lbs.
2—NO. 2 CANS LIBBY’S
Tomatoe Juice ..... 27c
TEXAS—RED SKIN
Potatoes . lb
2—46-OZ. CANS TEXAS GOLD—PINK
Grapefruit Juice .... 51c
• MARKET •
DECKER’S TALL KORN
Sliced Bacon .... lb. 47c
PEN FED BABY BEEF
Loin Steak lb. 93c
T-BONE
Steaks lb. 93c
PORTER HOUSE
Steak lb. 83c
ARMOUR’S RICHEDDAR—2-LB. CARTON
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® PRODUCE •
490 SIZE—SUNKIST
Lemons doz. 23c
TEXAS ELBERTA
Peaches . .
3 lb. 25c
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Specials for Friday & Saturday - July 20th & 21st
Charlie's Food Market
North Gate College Station
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ited to it or not otherwise ci'edited in the paper and local news of spontaneous origin published herein.
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JOEL AUSTIN ^ : Editor
Andy 'Anderson Associate Editor and Sports Editor
Vivian Castleberry Women’s Editor
William Dickens Feature Editor
Dave Coslett Editorial Assistant
James Fuller Church News Editor
J. R. Alderdice Staff Photographer
R. D. Witter, Charles McCullough Photo Sngravi
Autry Fredricks, Ed Moses Advertising Kepresentati'
ers
ves
John W. Thomas, B. F. Roland, Dave
Coslett, James Fuller, William
Dickens, Frank Davis staff News Writers
Ray Rushing, Tom Rountree,
Say Holbrook Sports News Writers
Owen Lee, Calvin Janak circulation
would undertake while receiving
the Ford Foundation training.
Dr. C. C. French, dean of the
college, said this morning that
selection of the A&M nominees
from the 28 applicants was based
on their proposals for projects to
be undertaken thi’ough the fellow
ship.
French said the Ford Founda
tion limited the selection of nom
inees to those in the field of lib
eral arts and sciences.
He added, however, that a few
of the men who were nominated
outside the fields of liberal arts
and sciences based their projects
on subjects which could be includ
ed in that category.
The Board of the Faculty Fel
lowship Program has described its
LI’L ABNER
Testing—One!!—Two!!—Three!!
By Al Capp
OLE COOT- BUT A
IS SMARTER^ any
OF 'EM"'