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Battalion Editorials
Page 2
TUESDAY, JANUARY 30, 1951
Pay Your Pott Tax .
H AVE YOU paid your poll tax yet? Are
you one of those who is going to pay
his poll tax tomorrow?
On January 31, tomorrow will be too
late to pay your poll tax.
A poll tax costs you $1.75. You don’t
have that much money to spare? Maybe
you think you don’t, but outside of your
health and your family, your right to vote
is the most precious possession you have in
this world.
People are in chains or in slavery today
because they took too lightly the value of
their right to vote and neglected their ob
ligation as a citizen to cast a ballot.
It is difficult for us to see how any
thinking person could advocate better citi
zenship or hope for a better tomorrow when
Classified in the Oklahoma City
(Okla.) Times: “Black Formal,
size 12, worn once. Sell or trade
for baby bed.”
he has adopted the old saw of “Let George
Do It”, by failing to pay his poll tax.
No democratic government can be
stronger than the people it governs. It
draws its strength from the support and di
rection it receives from an intelligent elee
torate.
You are opposed to the poll tax because
it is undemocratic. You are entitled to your
opinion and with that opinion you have the
right to change it via the ballot box, pro
viding you pay your poll tax. Whatever
you think of the tax, the ultimate consid
eration is that you qualify as a voter so that
you can cast the ballot as you see fit.
We are not interested so much in what
you think as we are in your qualifying your
self to say what you think.
Totalitarian communism cannot exist
in countries populated by intelligent people
who have freedom of the ballot. It will last
is a democratic country about as long as a
snowman could exist at the equator.
Pay your poll tax before the deadline
of January 31.
Military Censors .
■J^/JILITARY censorship has been wrapped
around the Korean war with about as
much sugar-coating as is possible. Gen. Mac-
Arthur has abhored censorship in past state
ments. His headquarters, therefore, has set
up a “press advisory division” to which cor
respondents have been ordered to submit
stories “for clearance.” The announcement
carefully avoided using the word “censor
ship,” but it’s still censorship.
Some newspapers and newspapermen
have welcomed this move as necessary for
the protection of our forces there. They
point to some stories which may have given
aid and comfort to the enemy.
It sure is an unusual day when newspa
permen not only accept censorship without a
word, but actually welcome it. However, it
somehow fits into this screwy world we live
in.
If we were sure that censorship of the
press would solve the problems of the mili
tary in the Far East, we would be all for it.
But we’re not sure. No censorship is 100%
effective unless it has 100% control.
In Korea, the G.I.’s write letters, as sol
diers do everywhere. Some of their letters
are darned interesting and appear in local
newspapers when proud parents show them
tq the editors. Those letters aren’t censored.
The same information a blue pencil expert
in Tokyo may cut out of a news dispatch may
appear in print in just that way.
We’ll admit the speed of transmission and
publication is a lot different in the two news
items and with the situation as it is in Korea,
the needs of the military are for immediate
secrecy. So let’s admit that censorship of
news dispatches may help sometimes.
But we ought to know by experience that
once a censorship office is established, under
that or any other name, it is difficult to get
rid of it. Are we to expect that some form
of censorship, voluntary or otherwise, will
be placed on the formation of the Western
European armed forces? If the military asks
the press to refrain from mentioning that
so many experimental-type jet planes are be
ing tried out in England, etc., who’s going
to watch the cables and the mails ?
Under this state of emergency that we are
in, are newspapers going to be asked to, or
ordered to, refrain from mentioning what
type planes, guns, tanks are being produced
and at what rate in what plants?
Censorship leads to censorship. Once the
American press has made an exception in its
blanket opposition to any kind of censorship
—once it has found an excuse to justify a
little bit of censorship in one instance—then
it is going to be easier to justify the next
instance, and the next. The news blockade
has already spread to Alaska.
All of a sudden we may be awakened
rudely by the fact that we have submitted
ourselves to slow strangulation without a
cry of protest. And it will be too late.
As we said before, censorship may look
like a necessary evil in Korea right now.
But for those who acquiesce quietly we just
want to flash a red light on what it may
mean in the future.
Reprinted in part from “Editor and
Publisher”
Echols Says
Rivalry Forced
Strict Orders
Maid Takes
Intense rivalry for news stories
by the various agencies was blamed
for the severe censorship in effect
in Korea by Col. Marion P. Echols,
Gen. Douglas MacArthur’s Public
Information Officer, who flew to
Washington last week to ' discuss
reorganization of the public in
formation setup.
“Censorship was brought about
by the vying for news between the
various news agencies,” he said.
“The present .censorship ban in
Korea did not originate in Tokyo
to this extent. MacArthur always
favored the press taking its full
responsibility along with military
on censorship.
Keen Competition
“For many months he has tried
to use voluntary censorship,” Col.
Echols continued. “However, the
main thing that caused this policy
to collapse was the vying for news
between the various news agencies.
Please note I said news agencies,
not wire services.”
One of the problems to be dis
cussed in Washington was the large
number of correspondents (there
were more than 300 in the field in
Korea in September) and their
housing.
“That’s about twice the number
in Paris in World War II,” said
Col. Echols. “They have big hotels
in Paris. In Korea we had an old-
beat-up schoolhouse in which to
put them all, male and female, in
cluding Marguerite Higgins.”
(Miss Higgins represents the
New York Herald Tribune.)
‘Not An Ounce’
Texas’ Top Court
Has Met 111 Years
By MARTHA COLE
Austin, Jan. 30—(A 1 )—The most
dignified — almost hallowed — spot
in the state capitpl is up on the
third floor where the State Su
preme Court sits in solemn delib
eration.
All may be bedlam down below
in the house and senate on the sec
ond floor.
But at the stroke of 9 on each
Wednesday morning, the nine mem
bers of the supreme court gather
in their consultation room, march
around the rotunda in the middle
of the capitol and file into the
courtroom in the north wing.
“Oyez, oyez, the honorable su
preme court of the state of Texas
is now in session, pursuant to ad
journment,” cries the clerk at the
door.
The court has been sitting in ses
sion in Austin since Jan. 13, 1840,
in the days of the Republic of
Texas.
“There’s been no break in con
tinuity,” said chief justice John E.
Hickman. “New judges—-they fil
ter in, but the court goes right on.
There’s been no change in policy,
Electric Image
! O
Story in the Muncie (Ind.) Star:
“In the first statement by a newly-
formed Committee on the President
Danger,” etc.
The Battalion
Lawrence Sullivan Ross, Founder of Aggie Traditions
"Soldier, Statesman, Knightly Gentleman”
News contributions may be made by telephone (4-5444) or at the editorial office, Room 201, Goodwin
Hall. Classified ads may be placed by telephone (4-5324) or at the Student Activities Office, Room 209,
Goodwin Hall.
The Battalion, official newspaper of the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas, is published
five times a week during the regular school year. During the summer terms, The Battalion is published
four times a week, and during examination and vacation periods, twice a week. Days of publication are
Monday through Friday for the regular school year, Tuesday through Friday during the summer terms,
and Tuesday and Thursday during vacation and examination periods. Subscription rates $6.00 per year
or $.50 per month. Advertising rates furnished on request.
The Associated Press is entitled exclusively to the use for republication of all news dispatches cred
ited to it or not otherwise credited in the paper and local news of spontaneous origin published herein.
Rights of republication of all other matter herein are also reserved.
Entered as second-class matter at Post
Office at College Station, Texas, under
the Act of Congress of March 3, 1870
Member of
The Associated Press
Represented nationally by National Ad
vertising Service Inc., at New York City,
Chicago, Los Angeles, and San Francisco
DAVE COSLETT, CLAYTON L. SELPH Co-Editors
John Whitmore Managing Editor
Frank N. Manitzas Sports Editor
Bob Hughson - - - Campus Editor
Joel Austin - — City Editor
Today*s Issue
Joe Arnett...
Vivian Castleberry -
Frank N. Manitzas
Managing Editor
Campus News Editor
Sports News Editor
City News Editor
T. M. Fontaine, Carter Phillipa Editorialist*
Vivian Castleberry Women's Editor
Bob Hughson. Andy Anderson, George Charlton, Tom
Rountree. Allen Pengelley, Leon McClellan, Wayne
Davis, Bob Venable, Bill Streich, Norman Blahuta.
John Hildebrand, Bryan Spencer, Ray Williama,
Herb O’Connell, Jim Anderson, Or! James, J. P.
Stern, Raymon Swan, Robert Ball, Bert Hardaway,
Edward Holder, Richard Ewing News and Feature Writer*
Curtis Edwards '. Church Editor
Roger Coslett PipeSmoking Contest Manager
Jack Fontaine. Jerry Fontaine— Special Assignment*
Sid Abernathy. .. 1 Campus News Editor
Ralph Gorman, Fred Walker, Chuck Neighbors,
Jimmy Ashlock. Ray Holbrook, Joe Blan
chette, Pat LeBlanc, Dale Dowell, Jimmy
Curtis, Dowell Peterson, and Joe Hollis. .Sports News Staff
Sara Molinary Chief Photographer
Bob Hancock, John Hollingshead,
Tommy Fontaine, James Lancaster —.Photo Engraven
Autrey Frederick. — Advertising Manager
Russell Hagens. Frank Thurmond Advertising Representative*
Emmett Trant, Jerry Clement, Bob Hendry Cartoonistl
Herman C. Goliob— Amnseimenta Editor
Earlier, Col. Echols had said in
Tokyo that he originated — with
Gen. MacArthur’s approval — the
new system of announcing war
news. He said “there is not an
ounce of truth” to published re
ports that Washington had stripped
Gen. MacArthur of authority to
speak freely on the progress of
the war.
“I instituted the new plan to
minimize confusion,” said Col.
Echols. “Since the 8th Army now
controls all ground activity, it is
more efficient to let it announce
all news concerning day-to-day
operations.”
Meanwhile, the 5th Air Force
added its own censorship to that
already applied by the 8th Army.
An Air Force briefing officer told
correspondents their news stories
will be checked by Air Force cen
sors. He said his instructions
came from “higher up.”
Under the 8th Army censorship
organization, all copy prepared by
correspondents is sent by jeep to
the censorship office to be ap
proved or disapproved. Then it is
returned by jeep to the correspon
dents’ billet, from where it is tele
phoned to Tokyo.
An Air Force spokesman indi
cated willingness to meet a request
by correspondents that all censors
make their office in the correspon
dents’ billet. However, the 8th
Army so far has declined to do so.
Stricter Rules
Maid of Cotton Jeannine Holland of Houston models a shipboard
ensemble on the liner America in New York, Miss Holland will
tour the United States and Europe for six^months to model cotton
clothing. Miss Holland was Aggie Sweetheart in 1948-1949, while
she was a student at TSCW in Denton.
Stricter rules concerning news
sources which may be quoted by
correspondents were announced at
the MacArthur Headquarters Jan.
13. Censors said lAie only head
quarters sources which in future
may be called authoritative sources
and quoted in news dispatches in
volving security are Gen. MacAr
thur or his chief of staff.
Furthermore, the ceiisors said,
correspondents writing stories
quoting authoritative or headquar
ters sources will have to be able
to tell the censors the news came
either from Gen. MacArthur or his
chief of staff, Maj. G'en. Doyle O.
Hickey. Otherwise, the stories will
not be passed.
Keyes Beech Stories
Col. Echols said the new regula
tions were issued “mostly” because
of stories written by Keyes Beech,
Chicago Daily News.
Top officials of Knight Newspa
pers were standing squarely be
hind Mr. Beech, who brought down
the Army’s wrath by reporting that
Gen. MacArthur had recommended
withdrawal from Korea—-and that
Washington had stripped MacAr
thur of authority to speak freely
on the war.
Publisher John S. Knight, in his
weekly editorial column, said:
“Beech’s facts are essentially cor
rect. They were obtained from
sources which are both reliable and
anxious to have the story brought
to the attention of the American
public.”
Mr. Knight said Mr. Beech’s dis
patch about General MacArthur’s
having urged withdrawal from Ko
rea was first rejected by military
censors. “After a few minor
changes,” he said, “it was approved
by Col. Marion P. Echols, who over
ruled his subordinates. Col. Echols
next day described the Beech dis
patch as a ‘figment of the writer’s
imagination.”
Basil L. Walters, executive editor
of Knight Newspapers, s£id the
Chicago Daily News had antici
pated a denial of the stories.
“We don’t intend to continue the
debate at this time,” he said. “At
the proper time we will speak and
it will be one of the great stories
of newspaperdom. We are stand
ing by Beech. Our facts arc cor
rect We kuow where they came
from.”
President’s Denial
and that he has been muzzled by
Washington.
Homer Bigart, New York Herald
Tribune, a Pulitzer Prize winner
who has returned from the war
front, charged in an article in Look
that Gen. MacArthur made “a mo
mentous blunder” in pressing his
offensive of Nov. 24 and that the
nation no longer can afford to
“string along” with him,
Censorship absurdity reached a
new high when four top generals
arrived in Tokyo fqr conferences
with Gen. MacArthur. The corres
pondents were-not permitted to re
lease stories until many hours after
the news had been broadcast to
Moscow and all the world from
New York by the Voice of America:.
Correspondents formed a fact-
finding committee to gather infor
mation on the strict new censor
ship rules and to make suggestions
to Army authorities.
Maj. Gen. Floyd L. Parks, Army
Chief of Information, implied in
Washington that mistakes had been
made in war censorship and prom
ised that the situation would be
“rectified.”
Alex Valentine, correspondent
for Reuters the British news agen
cy, left 1st Corps Headquarters in
Korea on Jan. 15 after what he
said amounted' to “virtually being
held incommunicado for 12 hours.”
Mr. Valentine said he got into
a dispute with the 1st Corps in
formation officer over a story the
corps chief of staff had termed
“scurrilous and completely untrue.”
The reporter said the officer re
fused to permit him to transmit
the story to the 8th Army censor
and withdrew living accommoda
tions.
Reuters in Tokyo said the story
later was cleared by the 8th Army
censor and transmitted to London.
It concerned grumbling by enlisted,
men.
New Autopilot
To Guide Plane
Thru Combat
Pittsburgh, Jan. 30 — (M —An
electric autopilot which will guide
jet fighter planes with split-second
accuracy in combat maneuvers has
been developed by Westinghouse
Electric Corporation.
The company said the midget de
vice is the first automatic pilot
with “unlimited maneuverability.”
It will, be installed in F94C jet
/ightor planes now being built-fop
the'U.'S. Air Force. , .. .
% f)r. Clinton ,R. liannfi, associate
director of Westinghousp rqgearch
laboratories, reported:
“With the autopilot at the con
trols, the plane will be able to take
the steepest dives, turns, rolls and
loops with ease.”
Secret of the autopilot’s complete
maneuverability is the use of three
non-tumbling gyroscopes locked to
the plane which stay on the job “no
matter what evasive tactics the
plane employes,” Dr. Hanna said.
The Westinghouse scientist said
th'e autopilot also will find its way
into large and small commercial
planes and may yet be used to di
rect flight of guided missiles and
pilotless aircraft.
It was developed at Wright-Pat-
terson Air Force base in Dayton,
O., after several years of basic re
search and flight tests.
Produced By
New Camera
Don’t cuss the officer; he’s
only a referee.
msuai
“LET’S GET TOGETHER”, SAYS LOU
A deal with Lou is a steal for you.
Swap him five for four, at
LOUPOT’S TRADING POST
North Gate
Austin, Jan. 30—(S p 1)—Devel
opment of a new-type camera using
invisible electrical images which
can prodiice on-the-spot pictures
even in active atomic radiation
areas without being fogged, has
been sponsbred by the Signal Corps
Engineeritig Laboratories.
In the making the past year and
a half, a model of the camera, dub
bed “Two-minute Minnie,” pro
duces a finished 4x5 inch picture
two; minutes after the shutter is
•spapped. Its plates, which-need
no. chemicals • for processing, can
be used over and over again mere
ly by wiping off the image,
' The picture has tones similar to
that of an ordinary black and
white photograph and can be print
ed on paper, wood, cloth, glass,
plastics, or ceramic materials. It
can be made into a. transparency
from wjjich enlargement? can be
produced.
The camera employs the newly
discovered electrostatic, electro
photographic process in which light
is recorded on a selenium-coated
metal plate that has been sensitized
by an electrical charge. '
- I Where-fcbv--bight hits the charged
pl&e. the el'ee'tribtry leaks-'Off-.the
sensitized material in proportion to
the amount of light received and is
grounded on ■ the plate. What is
left is an invisible electrical image.
Finely ground charcoal or an
thracite coal powder is then blown
across the face of the plate. Where-
ever there is electricity on the plate
the dust sticks—the more the elec
tricity, the more powder remains.
The powdered image is then
transferred to ordinary paper on
other material coated with an ad
hesive layer such as rubber cement.
To protect the surface and fix the
print a clear transparent plastic
film is pressed against the picture.
and our policy is just trying to
find out what the law is.” • M
The justices ■ meet each Monday
morning for consultation on appli- (
cations for cases to be heard before ’ !
their court. In a year’s time they
handle five to six hundred of these
applications, known as writs of er
ror, on appeal from a court of %
civil appeals.
Each Tuesday morning the court
meets again to discuss opinions.
Each case is assigned to a judge; .
he studies the case, sometimes for
months, and then writes an opin
ion. This opinion is passed around
to the other judges. If five of the
nine members agree with the opin
ion, it is then ordered by the court.
Each Wednesday morning the
court assembles in its courtroom
and announces its decisions. After
that, it listens to oral arguments
from lawyers on cases.
Once a case has been decided by
the state supreme court there is no
appeal except in a case where a
man believes that his rights of
freedom under the federal consti
tution have been deprived. Then
he goes to the U. S. Supreme Court.
“Very rarely has the United 4
States Supreme Court reversed the
state supreme court,” Justice Hick-
man said.
The court of criminal appeal' *
handles all criminal cases such : I
murder, rape and assault. The
preme court handles all else—per
sonal injury, workman’s compensa
tion, land titles, oil litigation, con- ’
demnation, and breach of contracts.
Chief Justice Hickman went on
state supreme court in 1945. He ■
was named chief justice in 1948.
Other members are: John H.
Sharp, Graham Best Smedlejr, Few
Brewster, Will Wilson, Robert H.
Calvert, Clyde E. Smith, W. St.
John Garwood and Meade Griffin.
Judg
Addi
Stud
iilaptists Sponsor
Sunday
Program
Radio Station WTAW now is
carrying the Baptist Hour every
Sunday afternoon from 2:30 until
3 o’clock. The program, sponsored
by the Radio Commission of the
Southem Baptist Convention, is
conducted by the Rev. Charles :
Wellborn, former professor at Bay
lor University.
The program will be carried forri
the first six months of this year ;
on WTAW.
Pedestrians at Fault
Two Thirds of Time
Your TSca- •• atio# :
states that' according ’to- the ‘ rec
ords of the‘Texas Department oi
Public Safety, “Two out of ever)
three pedestrians killed in traffic
accidents are cither violating a
traffic law or committing an un
safe act.”
And, of these violations, crossing
a street between intersections ac
counts for about half of the fatal
accidents.
So don’t cross in mid-block—re
member your Uniform Traffic
Code and walk a few more steps
to the comer—and then walk
watchfully—you’ll keep walking
longer!
We pay the highest prices for Used Books—
.
We maintain wholesale and retail lists the
yearround.
GET OUR PRICES BEFORE SELLING
. .
THE EXCHANGE STORE
“Serving Texas Aggies" ]
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President Tinman, in his Wash
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denied that MacArthur had rec
ommended, withdrawal from Korea
unTTiifr^